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Biomedical subjects

S Tian

Publications and source records attributed to S Tian.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Cystatin C measurement and its practical use in patients with various renal diseases.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical usefulness in terms of estimation for glomerular filtration rate (GFR), we determined the cystatin C levels in the serum and urine of 33 healthy volunteers as well as in the serum and urine of 35 patients with various renal diseases and compared them with those of creatinine. In addition, we evaluated this substance as an indicator of removal rate of low molecular weight protein with high flux membranes in 6 hemodialysis (HD) patients. METHODS: Serum and urinary cystatin C levels were measured by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, 24-hour creatinine clearance was used as an indicator of GFR. RESULTS: Reference intervals with 95% ranges are 0.47-1.03 mg/l in the serum from healthy volunteers. There was a significant positive correlation between serum cystatin C and creatinine levels (r = 0.936, p < 0.001) in the patients with various renal diseases. Serum cystatin C and creatinine inversely and logarithmically correlated to creatinine clearance as shown in the following equations: log cystatin C = -0.564 x log creatinine clearance + 1.216 (r = -0.850), log creatinine = -0.678 x log creatinine clearance + 1.449 (r = -0.904). In these equations l/day is the unit used for creatinine clearance, mg/l is the unit used for serum cystatin C. The range for cystatin C is 0.67-6.15 mg/l, 0.66-7.23 mg/dl for creatinine and 8.9-186.3 l/day (6.2-129.4 ml/min) for creatinine clearance. Serum cystatin C levels started to increase over normal range when creatinine clearance fell below 135.9 l/day (94.4 ml/min), while serum creatinine remained within normal ranges. The daily urinary excretion of cystatin C was increased significantly in the group in which creatinine clearance was below 30 l/day (20.8 ml/min) compared to that in which creatinine clearance was higher than in 70 l/day (48.6 ml/min). Fractional clearance of cystatin C increased proportionally and markedly to the decrease of creatinine clearance. In a regular HD condition with high flux membrane, the cystatin C removal rate was 38.7 +/- 1.7%. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that combined measurement of cystatin C in the serum and urine is useful to estimate GFR, especially to detect the mild reduction of GFR. Cystatin C measurement can also be used as an indicator of removal rate of low molecular weight protein with different types of high flux membranes in hemodialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Solid-phase extraction of the chromium(III)-diphenylcarbazone complex prior to ion-pair chromatography and application to geological samples.

A method for the pre-treatment of acid samples prior to ion chromatography is described. In a strong acid medium, Cr(VI) oxidizes diphenylcarbazide, the resulting products forming a stable complex which can be transferred in a methanolic medium by solid-phase extraction using polyethylene as sorbent. This methanolic sample solution can be injected directly into a chromatographic system with a silica-based column. The separation and determination of the chromium complex can be performed by HPLC-using a mobile phase of 15% (v/v) acetonitrile containing 1 mmol/L tetrabutyl ammonium hydroxide (TBAH). The detection limit is estimated to be 2 microg/L chromate and the linear range is at least 0.05-2 mg/L chromate.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Vertical saccadic velocity and force development in superior oblique palsy.

Vertical saccadic movements recorded with electrooculography (EOG) and force development measured by means of a contact lens-strain gauge technique were investigated in 13 patients with a clinical diagnosis of unilateral superior oblique palsy (SOP) and 10 normal subjects. Upward and downward movements from the horizontal level to 5, 10 and 20 deg of deviation with monocular fixation were made in the 20 deg abduction and adduction fields of gaze. Peak velocity (Vp) and the ratio of downward over upward movement (VpD/U) of the paretic eye (PE) and the sound eye (SE) of the patients were compared with the values of the covered, non-fixating eye (CE) and the fixating eye (FE) of the normals respectively. Peak tension (Fp), steady-state tension (Fs) and the ratios of downward over upward movement (Fp D/U, Fs D/U) of PE were compared with the values of CE. Comparisons were done (a) between normals and the whole group of 13 patients, (b) between normals and two subgroups of five patients with acquired and five with congenital SOP, (c) and between the subgroups. Mean Vp for the whole group of SOP showed reduced values from normals in many directions of gaze. However, mean Fp and ratios of Vp D/U and Fp D/U were not different in SOP and normals, and such measures could not be used to differentiate SOP from normal eye muscles in the sample of patients studied. Clear differences were seen in the comparisons between normals and the subtypes of SOP. Vp was significantly reduced in PE for the downward movements in the adduction field of gaze, more marked in acquired than in congenital SOP. Slowing of upward saccades was also found in the congenital group. This may be due to adaptational changes in concomitization of congenital paretic strabismus. Fp for downward saccade, and Vp D/U and Fp D/U were lower for PE in the acquired than in congenital SOP and normals in the lower adduction field of gaze, where the superior oblique has its main action. A linear relation was found between Vp and Fp of downward saccades for the congenital group in the lower adduction of gaze, but the slope was steeper than in normals. However, in acquired SOP the relationship was non-linear, which indicates a force production different from that of a normal muscle. Vertical saccadic velocity and force development measured at 20 deg adduction could reveal weakness of the superior oblique muscle and the imbalance of agonist-antagonist actions in the paretic eye.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Transportation trends after rat renal intracapsular injection of Salvia miltiorrhizae].

The concentration of Salvia miltiorrhizae (SM) was detected at different time after renal intracapsular injection in S.D rats. It showed that SM concentration was higher in kidney than in plasma (P < 0.05). SM concentration in kidney increased gradually, it reached the peak at 24 hour and still remained in higher level at 48 hour. The SM injected in renal capsule could be passively transported to renal tissue and maintained at a high level. This result demonstrated that renal intracapsular injection could be applied as an important therapeutical method for different renal disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[HPTLC densitometric determination of free bile acids in bezoar].

Cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA) which are extracted with CH3OH from Bezoar can be separated on HPTLC silica gel plate (made in China) with isooctane-n-butyl acetate-acetic acid (4:2:1), and the three bile acids were determined by TLC densitometry.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Prostaglandin-dependent muscle wasting during infection in the broiler chick (Gallus domesticus) and the laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus).

Systemic infection with Escherichia coli significantly decreased feed intake, slowed growth of the whole body and skeletal muscles, and severely inhibited muscle protein accumulation in both chicks and rats. Treatment with naproxen (6-methoxy-alpha-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid), an inhibitor of prostaglandin production, decreased weight losses of body and muscle, and significantly inhibited muscle protein wasting in infected chicks and rats. E. coli infection increased net protein degradation by 44.8% (P less than 0.05) and prostaglandin E2 production by 148% (P less than 0.05) in isolated extensor digitorum communis muscle from chicks on day 2 after infection. Naproxen treatment significantly decreased net protein degradation and prostaglandin E2 production in infected chicks to values seen in muscles of healthy controls. Quantitatively and qualitatively similar results were seen in isolated rat epitrochlearis muscle.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effect of Escherichia coli infection on growth and protein metabolism in broiler chicks (Gallus domesticus).

1. A controlled experimental Escherichia coli infection was developed in broiler chicks. 2. Infection with E. coli significantly reduced feed intake, altered growth of the whole body, eviscerated carcass, skeletal muscles, heart and liver. Organ weight and/or the proportions of organs within the body were affected. 3. Protein accumulation in the eviscerated carcass, extensor digitorum communis and sartorius muscles was severely inhibited by infection, and to a greater extent than body weight. 4. Failure of muscle tissue to accumulate protein was associated with a significant decline in protein synthesis, when measured in vitro (-48%; P less than 0.05) and in vivo (-42%; P less than 0.001). Protein degradation also declined (-28.7%), but to a smaller extent than protein synthesis. 5. Although the infected chicks showed no viable bacteria at day 12 after infection, chicks did not reach the same body weight as controls by day 30 after infection.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Site-dependence of invasiveness of ECA109 human oesophageal carcinoma cells in nude mice.

ECA109 human oesophageal carcinoma cells were injected either subcutaneously or intraperitoneally into BALB/CATc 1-nu/nu mice. After 23 weeks tumours were examined histologically and by scanning electron microscopy. Subcutaneous ECA109 tumours were well-delineated without signs of invasion. By contrast, intra-abdominal tumours invaded into the abdominal wall and abdominal organs. This result provides us with another example of site-dependence of invasion in vivo.

Animals↗