PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Toriyama

Publications and source records attributed to S Toriyama.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Characterization of a new picorna-like virus, himetobi P virus, in planthoppers.

Picorna-like virus particles, 29 nm in diameter, were purified from apparently healthy Laodelphax striatellus Fallen. The virus particles had a buoyant density of 1.352 g/ml in CsCl and a sedimentation coefficient of 161 s. The virus capsid proteins consisted of three major polypeptides of M(r)s 36,500, 33,000 and 28,000, and three minor polypeptides. The virus contained a major ssRNA of M(r) 2.8 x 10(6) and was also frequently associated with a minor dsRNA of M(r) 4 x 10(6). The 3' end of the ssRNA had a poly(A) tract of about 60 adenine residues. The virus has been provisionally named himetobi P virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Complete nucleotide sequence of RNA 4 of rice stripe virus isolate T, and comparison with another isolate and with maize stripe virus.

The complete nucleotide sequence of RNA 4 of rice stripe virus isolate T (RSV-T) was determined and found to consist of 2157 nucleotides, containing two open reading frames (ORFs). One, deduced to be present in the 5'-proximal region of the viral-sense RNA, encodes the stripe disease-specific protein with Mr 20541, and the other ORF, in the 5'-proximal region of the viral complementary sense RNA, encodes an unknown protein with Mr 32474. Between these two ORFs there is an intergenic non-coding region that could form a secondary structure with two base-paired hairpin configurations. These characteristics indicate that RSV-T RNA 4 has an ambisense coding strategy. Comparison of the two ORFs of RSV-T with those of another isolate revealed 97.2% and 98.0% identity for the nucleotide sequences, and 98.3% and 98.2% identity for the amino acid sequences. The leader sequences of these two isolates were the same. However, an insertion was found in the intergenic non-coding region of RSV-T. Furthermore, comparison of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of RSV-T RNA 4 with those of RNA 4 of maize stripe virus, which is another member of the tenuivirus group, revealed greater identity, suggesting a close phylogenetic relationship between these two viruses.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Solubilization and promoter analysis of RNA polymerase from rice stripe virus.

The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase associated with rice stripe virus was dissociated from viral RNA (vRNA) by CsCl centrifugation. The solubilized RNA-free RNA polymerase transcribed a model RNA template 50 nucleotides in length carrying the 5'- and 3'-terminal conserved sequences of all four genome RNA segments. A 3'-terminal half molecule of the model template was also active as a template. Hence, we propose that the 3'-terminal conserved sequence serves as a promoter for the rice stripe virus-associated RNA polymerase. The solubilized enzyme, however, was unable to transcribe vRNA. The failure of the solubilized enzyme to transcribe vRNA is discussed in relation to the apparent loss of RNA polymerase activity after treatment of virions with high concentrations of salt.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Complete nucleotide sequence of RNA 3 of rice stripe virus: an ambisense coding strategy.

The RNA 3 of rice stripe virus (RSV) isolate T was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The complete primary structure was found to consist of 2504 nucleotides. One putative open reading frame (ORF), between nucleotides 2412 and 1444 in the 5'-proximal region of the virus complementary-sense RNA, encoded a 322 amino acid protein with an Mr of 35,134 that was identified as the coat protein. The other ORF, between nucleotides 66 and 701 in the 5'-proximal region of the virus-sense RNA, encoded a 211 amino acid protein with an Mr of 23,874. An intergenic non-coding region (742 nucleotides) between the two ORFs contains oligo(A)- and oligo(U)-rich regions that can be arranged into a 126 base pair stem configuration. These results suggest that RSV RNA 3 has an ambisense coding strategy.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Magnetic stimulation: examination of motor function in patients with cervical spine or cord lesion.

In 20 patients with cervical spine or cord lesions, we examined motor evoked potentials (MEPs) by transcranially applied magnetic stimulation to the motor cortex. We used a large-diameter (12 cm) coil to induce equal current in both left and right hemispheres. The MEPs were recorded simultaneously from multiple muscles covering the C5 to C8 myotome distribution bilaterally. The MEP abnormalities correlated well with clinical muscle weakness in 15 patients. In two patients, MEP revealed abnormalities in muscles of normal strength. Three patients with sensory but without motor deficit had normal MEPs. We conclude that magnetic stimulation is a useful adjunct in confirming and objectifying motor weakness, and in localizing the level of dysfunction in cervical spine lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment and prognosis of giant cell tumor in the sacrum--study of Bone Tumor Registry in Japan].

The prognosis of giant cell tumors arising in the sacrum is difficult to ascertain. Because of the low incidence in Japan there are scanty statistics. We selected 14 cases from the Bone Tumor Registry in Japan. Questionnaires were sent to hospitals which had submitted cases, regarding Enneking's staging, surgical approach, surgical procedure, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, complications and prognosis of this tumor. The results of the questionnaire show that surgery alone gives better results than combined surgery and radiotherapy. Good prognosis called for surgery alone. Curettage resulted in no evidence of disease (NED) in four cases. Bad prognosis called for combined surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. If we surmise from the biological behavior of the giant cell tumor, that the tumor mass extends out extraosseously en-bloc excision with nerve roots is indicated. Extensive curettage will be adequate if the tumor is confined intraosseously. Radiotherapy should not be selected except for inoperative cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Functional diagnosis of brachial plexus injuries].

We evaluated 10 patients with verified brachial plexus injuries and root avulsion. In 100%, dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials (DSSEPs) were abnormal. Compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) by magnetic stimulation revealed 90% abnormal findings on the affected side, but also revealed abnormality in adjacent segments. Dissociation of CMAPs and DSSEPs revealed the apparent continuity of motor and sensory nerves. The use of both techniques for the examination of the function of proximal peripheral nerve revealed increased latencies over the motor and/or sensory pathways in all patients. The technique of non-invasive stimulation of the motor pathway therefore provides an additional tools to detect and quantify subclinical and clinically apparent lesions in patients with defined brachial plexus injuries and root avulsions.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1990

Scoring system for the preoperative evaluation of metastatic spine tumor prognosis.

An assessment system for the prognosis of metastatic spine tumors was evaluated for 64 cases who had undergone surgery. Six parameters were employed in the assessment system: 1) the general condition, 2) the number of extraspinal bone metastases, 3) the number of metastases in the vertebral body, 4) metastases to the major internal organs (lungs, liver, kidneys, and brain), 5) the primary site of the cancer, and 6) the severity of spinal cord palsy. Each parameter ranged from 0 to 2 points. The total score obtained for each patient can be correlated with the prognosis, while being valuable in predicting it. However, the prognosis could not be predicted from a single parameter. In conclusion, an excisional operation should be performed on those cases who scored above 9 points, while a palliative operation is indicated for those who scored under 5 points.

Curettage↗
PubMed1990

Problems and solutions of pedicle screw plate fixation of lumbar spine.

Fifty-seven patients with low back pain and sciatica of various causes were reviewed with reference to problems associated with pedicle plate fixation of the lumbar spine. Eleven percent of patients had neurologic problems postoperatively and 3.5% (two patients) had severe sensory impairments. All patients had this complication in the early phases of the study. Of 297 screws, 17 broke, ie, 5.7%. These breakages occurred in 12 of 57 patients (21%). In patients with spondylolisthesis, the degree of slip correction averaged 53% postoperatively, which decreased to 35% at the 1-year follow-up. Slip angle was maintained after correction. Pedicle screw plate fixation is an effective form of immobilization of the lumbar spine used in achieving arthrodesis. The surgeon must be fully trained in methodology. It is recommended that screw and plate materials be improved to prevent screw breakage.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed1990

Complementarity between the 5'- and 3'-terminal sequences of rice stripe virus RNAs.

The 5' and 3' termini of four ssRNA species of rice stripe virus (RSV) isolate T were sequenced. The 3' termini of the three smallest ssRNAs, i.e. RNAs 2, 3 and 4, had the sequence 5' GACUUUGUGU 3'; that of ssRNA 1 had the sequence 5' GACUAUGUGU 3'. The 5'-terminal sequences of all four ssRNAs were 5' ACACAAAGUCC 3'. The 5'- and 3'-terminal sequences of about 20 bases of each ssRNA were almost complementary to each other. It is possible that RSV RNAs form panhandle structures characteristic of the RNA of negative-strand viruses.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1990

[Plastic, partial meniscectomy for the discoid meniscus in children].

Plastic, partial meniscectomy which preserves the marginal part of meniscal cartilage was carried out in our hospital for children with symptomatic lateral discoid meniscus. The post-operative results were good in almost all patients at the follow-up evaluation. We will report on the operative techniques and the post-operative evaluation of these cases. From June 1982 to December 1989, 34 discoid lateral menisci in 27 children under the age of 15 years were operated on Itabashi Hospital of Nihon University. After recognition of discoid meniscus with arthroscopy, plastic, partial meniscectomy was carried out via a small transverse skin incision, forming the edge of a normal meniscus. About 2/3 of the central part of a discoid meniscus was resected, leaving about 1.0 cm of its marginal part. The average duration of follow-up was 5 years 4 months. The post-operative results were rated on the basis of the JOA Score for Meniscus Injuries and for the present series stood at 92.9 points. Among these 27 children, 17 had been injured during sports activities and all of them returned to their previous activities except three. Radiologically, mild osteoarthritic changes were noted in only a few cases during the follow-up period. It was concluded that plastic, partial meniscectomy was one of the variable procedures in the treatment of symptomatic discoid meniscus in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Compound muscle action potentials and spinal evoked potentials in experimental spine maneuver.

In this study, the authors evaluated the effects of spine manipulations, similar to those used in scoliosis surgery, on the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and spinal evoked potential (SEP) in 25 cats: a distraction maneuver was performed in ten, a rotation in five, and a combined (distraction and rotation) procedure in ten cats. Compound muscle action potential was only minimally changed by the rotation maneuver alone in all five cats. Distraction resulted in earlier deterioration of CMAP than SEP; when CMAP was no longer elicitable in ten cats, seven still showed measurable SEP. All ten cats became paraplegic. With the combined procedure, both CMAP and SEP were abolished earlier than with distraction alone. This was observed in all ten cats becoming paraplegic. The authors further extended the study to ten rabbits having experimentally induced scoliosis. Following corrective surgery with distraction and derotation, eight rabbits lost both CMAP and SEP. Two lost CMAP with still recordable SEP. All ten rabbits became paraplegic. These findings suggest that monitoring CMAP is a more sensitive measure than SEP, and that the spinal cord is more vulnerable to a combined distraction and derotation maneuver than to either one alone.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1989

Dome-like expansive laminoplasty for the second cervical vertebra.

The second cervical vertebra (C2) is in a pivotal position for the alignment and stability of the cervical vertebrae as a whole. Since its spinal canal is wider at the cranial and narrower at the caudal end, a dome-like excision of the inner side of the spinal canal from the caudal toward the cranial end results in the decompression of the lesion, preserving the dorsal part of the C2. The authors performed this C2 dome-like expansive laminoplasty on 33 patients (25 cases of the ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, six of developmental spinal canal stenosis, and two of spondylosis) and kept them under follow-up observation, which ranged from 1 to 7 years (mean, 3.5 years). The result was satisfactory in terms of the decompression and stability of the cervical vertebrae: even 5 years after the operation, no osteogenesis was noted in the expanded spinal canal to induce compression again. It thus may be concluded that this method is good enough to replace conventional laminectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum in osteosarcoma. Osteosarcoma Cooperative Study Group report].

Thirty-two patients with primary osteosarcoma and 18 patients with advanced osteosarcoma were treated by iv or ia infusion of cisplatinum at a dose of 100 mg/m2 every three weeks. The efficacy of the agent for primary osteosarcoma was mainly estimated by X-ray findings and histologic examination. One patient had a partial response, and 7 patients had a minor response. Pathologic evaluation of the extent of the primary tumor necrosis was performed on 27 resected specimens. Eight of 27 cases showed a good response (Ayala III A less than). One of 18 patients with advanced osteosarcoma had a partial response, and 2 a minor response. Nausea and vomiting (88%), liver dysfunction (42%), leukopenia (36%), nephrotoxicity (20%) and auditory disturbance (20%) were the main side effects in 50 patients. However, side effects of cisplatinum were generally reversible. The results suggest that cisplatinum is effective against osteosarcoma and may enhance the therapeutic results in osteosarcoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Historical improvement in the treatment of osteosarcoma].

In the past decade, advances in chemotherapeutic agents and in diagnostic devices have led to improvement in the results of treatment for osteosarcoma. To evaluate the factor which brought about such improvement, historical therapeutic regimens were analysed. Eighty-three osteosarcoma cases were treated in our institute from 1955 to 1988 and categorized into six groups with the following therapeutic regimens: N-0: No treatment (including biopsy) N-1: Surgery alone N-2: Post surgery adjuvant therapy N-3: Intra-arterial continuous infusion N-4: Distal arterial blockade infusion N-5: Balloon-occluded arterial infusion. (N-3, 4 and 5 imply neo-adjuvant chemotherapy). Overall five-year survival rate was 48.8% (included Enneking's stage III). The survival rate improved from N-1 to N-5 in stepwise fashion, and N-5 reached 80% at two-year survival. We concluded that neo-adjuvant chemotherapy was not only effective to control the local lesion but also to prevent lung metastasis.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment and prognosis of sacrococcygeal chordoma--study of bone tumor registry in Japan].

Prognosis of chordoma arising in the sacrococcygeal area is difficult to assess because of the small number cases and lack of statistics in Japan. From the bone tumor registry we selected records on sacrococcygeal chordoma cases and sent a questionnaire to many hospitals regarding staging, surgical approach, surgical procedure, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, complications and prognosis of this tumor. The results of the questionnaire (32 cases) showed that combined surgery and radiotherapy were the best methods. This survival rate was 85% in five years and 43% in ten years. In the surgical procedure the extralesional excision resulted in a high recurrence rate (73%) three years after operation, and in the case of intralesional excision an even higher rate (91%). We assume this is a problem of the excisional method. In the staging system, the intracompartment tumors have a better prognosis. Early stage discovery and surgical treatment is of vital importance.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A scoring system for preoperative evaluation of the prognosis of metastatic spine tumor (a preliminary report)].

A trial of assessment system for the prognosis of metastatic spine tumor was evaluated in 47 cases who underwent surgery. Six parameters were postulated in the evaluation system; 1) general condition, 2) number of extraspinal bone metastasis, 3) number of metastasis in the vertebral body, 4) metastasis to the major internal organs (lung, liver, kidney and brain), 5) primary site of cancer, and 6) severity of spinal cord palsy. Each parameter ranged from 0 to 2 points. Total scores obtained in each patient can correlate with prognosis and are valuable to predict prognosis, however, the prognosis could not predicted from a single parameter. In conclusion, excisional operation should be performed in those cases scored above 11 points, and palliative operation will be indicated for those under 5 points. However, this assessment system will further remain useful with some items modified.

Adolescent↗