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Biomedical subjects

S Traore

Publications and source records attributed to S Traore.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

5-Fluorouracil-related severe toxicity: a comparison of different methods for the pretherapeutic detection of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency.

UNLABELLED: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-related early toxicity, due to a metabolic deficiency, is rare but is potentially severe and even lethal (0.1%). It is due to dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) gene polymorphism or some epigenetic factors. The detection of metabolic change could prevent severe toxicity, but until now it has not been carried out in clinical practice. PURPOSE: To find the simplest and most accurate pretherapeutic test to predict DPD deficiency in patients treated with 5-FU by comparing different approaches. RESULTS: Two hundred and fifty two French Caucasian patients treated by 5-FU infusion were studied. A two-step strategy, combining firstly SNP detection and uracil plasma measurement, followed, in cases where metabolic deficiency was suspected, by dihydrouracil/uracil ratio determination to confirm deficiency and to determine the optimum 5-FU dosage, appeared the best approach, with 83% and 82% sensitivity and specificity, respectively. CONCLUSION: These data support the future use of this approach, suitable to clinical practice, as screening test to identify DPD deficiency before 5-FU-based therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Contribution of ultrasound in the diagnosis of the complications of intramuscular injection in children].

During a prospective study conducted at the rehabilitation Center of the physically handicapped persons and at the mother-child Hospital in Bamako, the authors report 50 cases of neuromuscular complications of the quinine intramuscular injection in the child. The scan revealed muscular calcifications in 37 cases (740%), abscesses, in 7 cases (14%) and muscular inflammations in 6 cases (12%). Xray of the affected limb was not systematic: it has been performed in four children in the case of a subjacent bone involment. It showed calcifications in two cases. If muscular abscess is easily diagnosed by clinical exam it is not the case for calcifications. The scan allows to set up a precise mapping of the muscular lesions, to determine their type and size. It also helps the clinicians in their therapeutic attitude. Medical treatment associated with rehabilitation has been carried out in 40 patients (80%) and surgery in 10 patients (20%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Evaluation of cocoa oil for individual protection against Simulium damnosum s.i].

Thanks to larviciding and distribution of ivermectine, transmission of onchocerciasis was virtually halted in all countries covered by the WHO Onchocerciasis Control Program (OCP). However as a result of this success vector control has been stopped in most areas covered by the program and a recrudescence of files is an increasing problem. In some rural communities fly biting hinders normal agricultural activity. Since local farmers cannot afford ground larviciding, many rely on topical repellents. For this reason, development of an inexpensive method of individual protection is a major priority. The purpose of this study carried out in the savannah area of the Côte d'Ivoire was to assess the repellent properties of cocoa oil, which is frequently used in some rural areas of the Côte d'Ivoire to prevent fly biting. Results showed that cocoa oil provides excellent protection against Simulium damnosum s.l.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2002

[Defects in peroxidation of erythrocyte phospholipids in sickle cell trait].

The sickle cell disease pathophysiology is provided by several events including deoxyhemoglobin S polymerization and hemorrheological troubles. Classically, such disorders have been known to concern only the homozygous SS and heterozygous SC profiles. However, troubles are more and more described since early years in the sickle cell trait patients and the pathogenesis factors are unknown. Our study focussed on phospholipids which are the basic and functional constituent elements of erythrocyte plasmic membrane. Assaying the membrane lipids extracted by Folch method and lipid standards (cholesterol, phosphatidic acid, lysophosphatidyl-choline, phosphatidyl-choline, lysophosphatidyl-ethanolamine, phosphatidyl-ethanolamine, sphingomyelin) was carried out by HPLC among 91 sickle cell trait patients as compared to 78 healthy subjects. The main abnormalities observed were an empoverishement in phosphatidyl-choline contrasting with an accumulation of membrane lysophosphatidyl-choline, lysophosphatidyl-ethanolamine, phosphatidic acid and sphingomyelin in sickle cell patients. These results suggest that sickle cell trait harmlessness is not actual. The accumulation of lysophosphatidyl-choline, by its cytolytic biomembrane perturbing properties, predispose therefore the sickled red cell to the haemolysis phenomena and allow to forecast deeper disturbances among homozygous subjects. These morbid disorders attributable to lipid peroxidation would justify an antioxidant treatment during the sickle cell disease.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed2001

[Integration of demographic factors in the characterization of risk areas for sleeping sickness in Côte d'Ivoire].

The purpose of this study was to classify the risk for transmission of African human trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) according to population and settlement densities in four different areas of Zoukougbeu, Cote d'Ivoire, where the exact location of cases reported since 1990 is known. Epidemiological risk indexes were calculated from entomological data obtained from three surveys and analyzed with respect to presence of patients and occupancy rate in each area. Results indicated that there was a risk of transmission near the village of Bahigbeu II where the population density is between 30 and 40 inhabitants per km2 and settlement density is 4 per km2. There was also a risk in less inhabited areas such as Ouatigbeu where the population density is less than 30 inhabitants per km2 and dwelling density less than 4 per km2. In fact, cases are regularly reported in Ouatigbeu but never in Bahigbeu II. Based on these findings, we conclude that, while land occupancy can be considered as a risk factor for sleeping sickness, other factors such as human mobility must be taken into account to characterize risk areas and predict outbreaks.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Impact of the development of agricultural land on the transmission of sleeping sickness in Daloa, Côte d'Ivoire.

Although tools to control sleeping sickness do exist, their use is difficult; areas where intervention is most required often cannot be targeted for lack of appropriate risk indicators. The importance of human behaviour and habits in the manifestation of the disease is clear. In the development of effective new approaches to the control of the disease, information must be gathered about human populations, and their interaction with the environment, in rural as well as in urban and peri-urban areas. The results of a study carried out in Daloa show that use of some methods for the development of agricultural land leads to increased human-vector contact and, as a result, increased risk of sleeping sickness. Such land-management methods may therefore be useful as risk indicators for transmission. Transmission does not occur in the town of Daloa itself but in surrounding areas under cultivation. The use of the epidemiological risk index seems to be inappropriate in urban (and perhaps peri-urban) areas. The results emphasise not only the importance of environmental and demographic data in elucidating the epidemiology of human trypanosomiasis but also the need for further investigations in peri-urban areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Onchocerciasis and epilepsy. Epidemiological survey in Mali].

A door-to-door survey was conducted in 18 villages in Mali with a total of 5,243 inhabitants classified according to the endemicity of onchocerciasis. Each epileptic was matched with two controls. The survey protocol included the following steps in cases and controls: census taking, socioeconomic data, screening for epilepsy, clinical examination, laboratory testing to detect parasites in stools and urine, and snip-test. The crude prevalence of epilepsy was 13.35 per 1,000 (n = 70). Epidemiological study provided a number of valuable demographic insights concerning age at onset, type of seizure activity during seizure and personal and family medical history. A transverse study showed that the prevalence of epilepsy was not significantly higher (p = 9.09) in zones of high endemicity of onchocerciasis (16.1 per 1000) than in zones of low endemicity (10.8 per 1000). Case-control findings showed evidence of onchocerciasis in 22.4 p. 100 of epileptics and 21.7 p. 100 of controls (odds ratio = 1.02 IC 95 p. 100: 0.4-2.19, not significant). Various risk factors including genetic factors and low socio-economic status could explain the trend toward a higher incidence of epilepsy as well as higher morbidity rates in zones of high endemicity of onchocerciasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Geographic approach to urinary schistosomiasis in an average african town, daloa

Agricultural activity occurs within many medium size towns in developing countries. Rural influences and urbanization, which may be well or poorly managed, combine to create new health problems. A geographical approach is useful for evaluating the ability of the health care system to deal efficiently with these problems. Such an approach should take into account the urban environment and human population, health care and spatial differentiation factors. Relevant health indicators were selected to analyze the geographical patterns of health risk and of the health care system. These factors were analyzed according to area, at various levels. Field studies were carried out and aerial photographs and the various available maps were also studied. Results were compared to determine whether the health care system was appropriate for the health needs of the town. Urinary schistosomiasis is a useful example for assessing the value of the suggested methodology. The risk of transmission of this disease is high so its early detection is vital. The ability of the health care system to detect infection was assessed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

[Endemic onchocerciasis in forested zones of Ivory Coast: prevalence rate and microfilarial densities].

Since 1974 grassy plain areas of the western Africa have been protected by the Onchocerciasis Control Programme, but wooded endemic areas are also of concerned to countries in the region. Numerous studies have been performed to study endemic features of onchocerciasis in wooded areas. A parasitologic/entomologic survey was conducted between April and October 1990 in 5 villages in wooded areas located in Cote d'Ivoire. The parasitologic survey consisted of blood-free skin snips taken from both iliac crests of all subjects one year or over. Microfilarial counts performed after soaking biopsy material in distilled water for 30 minutes allowed characterization of the disease in the area. Overall microfilariae were found in 60.51% of the population indicating that onchocerciasis was highly endemic. The level of endemicity varied from one village to another. Prevalence was same in the two sexes and increased with age. Microfilarial density was the same in men and women up to the age of 9 years. After that time the density was at least twofold higher in men than in women at the same age. Although onchocerciasis is highly endemic in the area, blindness is uncommon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Microfilarial loads of onchocerca and experimental vectorial capacity of Simulium soubrense-Simulium sanctipauli group in the forest zone of Ivory Coast].

Mass treatment programs using ivermectin are now beginning in forest areas and simuli will soon be feeding on individuals with low microfilarial loads (probably < 10). Most previous reports have involved higher mean loads (range: 14-6950. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the impact of low microfilarial loads on the number of infecting larvae present at the end of a parasite cycle in the Simulium soubrense-Simulium sanctipauli group and on availability for transmission to man by inoculation. Tests were carried out on five subjects from a forest area of southwest Ivory Coast who were infected with onchocerciasis and presented mean microfilarial loads of 1, 5, 10, 20, and 100. Findings showed a direct correlation between microfilarial load (1, 5, 20, and 100) and intake of microfilaria per dissected female. Similarly there was a correlation between microfilarial loads (1, 5, 10, 20, and 100), quantity of infected females, and number of infecting larvae per infected female. Parasite output was variable but decreased as microfilarial load increased. This study suggests that the experimental vectorial capacity of simuli is similar in subjects presenting onchocerciasis with high and low microfilarial loads.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Soninke and Poular models of migration from the valley of the Senegal River].

"Soninke and Poular migration from the valley of the Senegal River [has] historical pre-colonial roots. The colonial and post-colonial economies have confirmed and reinforced the migratory models of both ethnic groups. The data of [a] 1982 survey highlight similarities and differences in the demographic indicators of [these] migrations, which can be explained in relation to their respective pasts." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND SPA)

Africa↗
PubMed1994

Detection of serum antibodies in tuberculosis patients.

Sera of 14 bacteriological confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis and 16 non-tuberculotic or healthy controls were sampled in Ignace Deen University Hospital in Conakry, Quinea. Samples were examined for IgG and IgM antibodies by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using sonicated M. bovis BCG and M. avium antigens and were tested for antibodies to HIV-1/HIV-2 as well. Median of IgG antibody titres to M. bovis BCG antigen was 1:445 and differed significantly from that of the control group (1:149). The median of IgM antibody titres was 1:79.1 and did not differ statistically from that of control group (1:69.3) as well as the antibody titres against M. avium antigen in the IgG and IgM classes for both analyzed serum groups. Seven of tested TB patients sera were positive for antibodies against HIV-1. The median of IgG antibody titres against M. bovis BCG antigen was 1:442 not differing significantly from values of remaining TB patients as well as the IgM antibody titre (1:109).

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Social and epidemiological aspects of guinea worm control.

Dracunculiasis prevention should be simple: in a population at risk, everyone may be protected by the filtration of drinking water. The research described in this paper allowed the authors to follow the acceptance of new information by villagers in nine localities in Mali. Two strategies were studied: safe water supply (bore-hole or cement lined wells) plus health education on the one hand, and health education alone (based on filtration) on the other. Safe water supply is undoubtedly an effective strategy whereas the success of the health education intervention is uncertain. This experience showed that health education as the only means of control failed due to a lack of social cohesion or of coordinated group-action. Also, when dracunculiasis control is not a population's priority goal, the constraints on systematic filtration are too great and a tendency to discontinue the filtration process occurs. On the other hand, when dracunculiasis is considered to be a serious problem by the population, new information about systematic filtration is better assimilated and leads to behavioural changes. In order that the goal of eradicating dracunculiasis by 1995 should not be an utopic dream, it is necessary to prioritize the allocation of clean rural water supply projects only to those endemic villages where the conditions that allow for health education to be successful are met.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of trifluralin and other dinitroaniline herbicide residues by zero-order and derivative ultraviolet spectrophotometry.

The utility of zero-order and first- and second-derivative ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry for the identification of benfluralin, trifluralin, isopropalin and oryzalin is discussed. These four herbicides were determined by zero-order and first-derivative UV spectrophotometry, with linear calibration graphs established between 50 and 100 concentration units and limits of detection ranging from 1 to 7 micrograms ml-1. The application of these techniques to the residue analysis of fortified soils and niebe and peanut leaves is described. Trifluralin residues were found to be 6.7, 8 and 1.7 micrograms ml-1 in samples of fortified soils, niebe leaves and peanut leaves, respectively. Isopropalin residues were found to range from 62 to 154 micrograms ml-1 in samples of fortified niebe leaves.

Aniline Compounds↗