Biomedical subjects
S Troyanovich
Publications and source records attributed to S Troyanovich.
Chiropractic biophysics technique: a linear algebra approach to posture in chiropractic.
OBJECTIVE: This paper discusses linear algebra as applied to human posture in chiropractic, specifically chiropractic biophysics technique (CBP). MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS: Rotations, reflections and translations are geometric functions studied in vector spaces in linear algebra. These mathematical functions are termed rigid body transformations and are applied to segmental spinal movement in the literature. Review of the literature indicates that these linear algebra concepts have been used to describe vertebral motion. However, these rigid body movers are presented here as applying to the global postural movements of the head, thoracic cage and pelvis. CONCLUSION: The unique inverse functions of rotations, reflections and translations provide a theoretical basis for making postural corrections in neutral static resting posture. Chiropractic biophysics technique (CBP) uses these concepts in examination procedures, manual spinal manipulation, instrument assisted spinal manipulation, postural exercises, extension traction and clinical outcome measures.
Optoelectric measurement of changes of leg length inequality resulting from isolation tests.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
C1 burst fracture.
OBJECTIVE: The presentation of a patient to a chiropractic office with an undiagnosed C1 burst fracture (Jefferson fracture) secondary to head trauma from a motor vehicle accident is introduced. CLINICAL FEATURES: A 67-yr-old real estate manager suffered from neck pain and stiffness following release from a major metropolitan medical center. Anteroposterior open mouth radiographic examination of the cervical spine revealed 10-mm displacement of the lateral masses of C1 relative to the superior articulating facets of C2, indicating the presence of a C1 burst fracture with possible disruption of the transverse ligament. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME: The patient was transferred by ambulance to a local medical center where a CT scan of the cervical spine and neurosurgical evaluation were obtained. The patient's cervical spine was immobilized in a Philadelphia collar for 3 months. Follow-up radiographic evaluation indicated nonunion of the fracture fragments and the patient was referred for further neurosurgical consultation. CONCLUSION: The presumption of proper and competent prior medical treatment, without confirmation by radiographic examination and review of records, could have resulted in catastrophic consequences for this patient, had chiropractic manipulation been performed. A history of trauma should be a clear signal to the chiropractic practitioner that they should proceed with caution, regardless of the patient's prior history of examination and treatment.
The efficacy of cervical extension-compression traction combined with diversified manipulation and drop table adjustments in the rehabilitation of cervical lordosis: a pilot study.
OBJECTIVE: To experimentally investigate the effect of cervical extension-compression traction combined with diversified chiropractic manipulation and drop table adjusting in establishing or increasing cervical lordosis. DESIGN: Blinded, before and after trial with pre- and postlateral cervical radiographic measurement. SETTING: Primary care private chiropractic clinic in Saugus, MA. SUBJECTS: A) Control group--convenience sample who had no health care for 10-14 wk, 30 persons. B) Treatment group 1, nonrandomized control trial, 35 persons, whose pre- and postlateral cervical radiographs were taken 10-14 wk apart and whose radiographs clearly depicted C1 through C7. C) Treatment group 2, nonrandomized control trial, 30 persons, whose pre- and postlateral cervical radiographs were taken 10-14 wk apart and whose radiographs clearly depicted C1 through C7. INTERVENTIONS: Treatment group 1: diversified spinal manipulation, drop table adjustments and cervical extension-compression traction five times per week for 10-14 wk (12 wk +/- 2). Treatment group 2: diversified spinal manipulation and drop table adjustments five times per week for 10-14 wk (12 wk +/- 2). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anterior head translation millimeters, C2 to C7 absolute rotation angle, angle of C1 to horizontal (atlas plane angle), five relative rotation angles (C2-3, C3-4, C4-5, C5-6, C6-7) and qualitative classification of lordotic configuration. RESULTS: No statistically significant changes existed between the pre- and posttests for the control group except in the C6-7 relative rotation angle. In the treatment group 1, statistically significant differences were found in all X-ray markings. Twenty-nine of 35 members have a lordosis after treatment compared to 11 of 35 before treatment. The C2 to C7 angle changed an average 13.2 degrees, C1 to horizontal changed an average 9.8 degrees, the anterior head translation reduced an average of 6.8 mm, the average relative rotation angle changed: C2-3: 3.1, C3-4: 5.5, C4-5: 4.80, C5-6: 2.7 and C6-7: 1.1. In the treatment group 2, no statistically significant changes existed between the pre- and posttests except atlas angulation to horizontal which increased an average of 3.0 degrees. CONCLUSIONS: A transformation to a lordotic configuration or increase in lordotic configuration occurred and was measured in the majority of treatment group 1 subjects, while no change in the control group and essentially no change in treatment group 2 was measured. Extension-compression traction combined with diversified chiropractic manipulation and drop table adjusting procedures may improve or partially reestablish the cervical lordosis in 10-14 wk of daily care.