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Biomedical subjects

S Tsuchida

Publications and source records attributed to S Tsuchida.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Lighted mirror for microneurosurgery.

We describe a newly developed, lighted mirror that provides enough luminous intensity to obtain a clear image in deep operative fields under high magnification. Through the initial neurosurgical procedures in which it was tested, the mirror proved particularly useful for inspecting the ventral aspect of the fifth nerve in a microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia, and for observing the fundus of the internal auditory meatus after removal of an acoustic neuroma to ensure no residual tumor.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Surgery for cavoatrial extension of malignant tumors.

Surgical management for cavoatrial involvement of malignant tumors and its outcome is reported on for 6 patients; their age ranged from 55 to 79 years and 5 were male and 1 female. The basic disease was renal cell carcinoma in 5 cases and adrenal leiomyosarcoma in 1. Intracaval tumor extension was diagnosed by computed tomography, magnet resonance imaging, digital subtraction angiography, and echocardiography. The tumor was resected together with adherant vena cava and invaded right-atrial wall, using cardiopulmonary bypass and normo- or mild-hypothermia in 5 patients. The caval defect needed to be reconstructed with a slit GORE-TEX vascular prosthesis in 3 patients. In all patients the tumor resections were successful and without major complications. All patients survived and are well from 4 to 52 months after the surgery. It is concluded that such cavoatrial extensions of malignant tumors can be safely and accurately resected with the aid of cardiopulmonary bypass, with favorable early and late outcomes in patients who have no distant metastatic lesions.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

Lack of correlated expression between the glutathione S-transferase P-form and the oncogene products c-Jun and c-Fos in rat tissues and preneoplastic hepatic foci.

Since the expression of glutathione S-transferase P-form (GST-P) has been suggested from in vitro studies to be partly regulated by the oncogene product, c-Jun and c-Fos, their distributions were compared in normal rat tissues and preneoplastic hepatic lesions induced by the Solt-Farber protocol. Immunohistochemically demonstrated GST-P protein was positively correlated with expression of both c-Jun and c-Fos in the epidermis of the skin and the smooth muscle of adult lung and with either c-Jun or c-Fos respectively in the bile ducts and bronchial epithelium. However, GST-P expression was also observed in proximal and distal straight segments of the kidney and other tissues negative for c-Jun and c-Fos and both c-Jun and c-Fos were present in the renal proximal and distal convoluted tubules, where GST-P was lacking. Thus, the localization of GST-P was in some cases clearly separable from those of c-Jun or c-Fos. GST-P was found to be focally expressed from an early stage of hepatocarcinogenesis, when c-Jun was not detectable. At later stages, this oncogene product was stained in 35.7% of GST-P-positive foci, with a clear relation to the degree of GST-P staining. Since GST-P is not always accompanied by appreciable c-Jun or c-Fos, these oncogene products are apparently not prerequisites for its expression. However, c-Jun may be partly responsible for maintaining high levels of GST-P in hepatic foci at later stages of hepatocarcinogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Decreased expression of glutathione S-transferases and increased fatty change in peroxisomal enzyme-negative foci induced by clofibrate in rat livers.

Alteration in glutathione S-transferase (GST) isoenzymes was compared with that of a peroxisomal enzyme, enoyl-CoA hydratase (ECH), during hepatocarcinogenesis caused by clofibrate (CF) administration in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The amount of alpha class GST forms, determined by single radial immunodiffusion using anti-GST 1-2 antibody, was inversely correlated with that of ECH and was decreased at week 2 of CF administration to approximately 50% of the value prior to treatment and then slightly increased to 70% of the control value by week 15, without change thereafter up to 93 weeks. Resolution of GST subunits by high performance liquid chromatography revealed an approximately 60% decrease in the amounts of subunits 1 and 3 at week 93 and a 25% decrease in the amounts of subunits 2 and 4. Immunohistochemical staining of rat livers revealed hepatic foci and minifoci negative for ECH at week 60 and thereafter. Almost all ECH-negative foci (95.1-97.9%) were clear cell in character, along with a somewhat lower proportion (68.0-73.8%) of ECH-negative minifoci. Numerous fat-positive granules were detected in 78.3% of those lesions exhibiting a clear cell change. Although the amounts of GST and ECH exhibited contrasting patterns of alteration in whole livers following CF administration, the expression of both alpha and mu class GST forms was decreased in the majority of ECH-negative foci at week 93, but were not altered in minifoci. The repression of GST forms appeared to be a later event than the loss of ECH or the clear cell change in CF-associated hepatic lesions and was in clear contrast to the enhanced expression reported for preneoplastic lesions induced by mutagenic carcinogens.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Left renal pelvis of male neonates is predisposed to dilatation.

Dilatation of the renal pelvis has been observed as an ultrasonographic finding of ureteral reflux as well as hydronephrosis. However, little information is available on the prevalence of renal pelvis at dilatation in neonates. We measured the inner pelvis dimension of the kidneys in 511 apparently healthy neonates (279 boys and 232 girls) using an ultrasound scanner to determine the prevalence of renal pelvis dilatation. Ninety per cent of the neonates had an inner dimension of both renal pelvises below 5 mm. The prevalence of left renal pelvis dilatation of 5 mm or more was significantly higher in the boys than in the girls, 25 (9%) compared to 5 (2%). In contrast, no significant difference was found in the prevalence of right renal pelvis dilatation between the sexes. In the boys, the prevalence of renal pelvis dilatation of 6 mm or more was significantly higher on the left side than on the right. Moreover, the left renal pelvis dilatation of the male neonates had a tendency to persist at 1 month of age. These findings suggest that the left renal pelvis of the baby boy may be predisposed to dilatation.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1995

Urine microscopy on a counting chamber for diagnosis of urinary infection.

Several quantitative methods of urine microscopic examination for bacteriuria and pyuria on a blood cell counting-chamber have been found reliable for the diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI). However, no one technique has become popular or widely used because of laborious procedures associated with the method. We investigated the usefulness of microscopic examination of uncentrifuged urine on disposable counting-chambers. A total of 89 urine samples were obtained from 53 children (24 male and 29 female). Urine samples were examined for bacteriuria and pyuria using a disposable counting chamber and its reliability was analyzed in predicting significant bacteriuria defined by routine urine culture. Significant bacteriuria was diagnosed in 23 of 89 urine samples by urine culture. Microscopic urine examination on disposable counting-chambers was very easy without the need to set up or wash chambers and provided immediate information. Urine bacterial concentration determined by the counting-chamber method was closely correlated to that determined by bacterial culture. The counting-chamber method identified bacteriuria correctly in 21 of 23 urine samples diagnosed as significant bacteriuria (sensitivity = 91%) and also gave a correct diagnosis of 64 of 66 urine samples with non-significant bacteriuria (specificity = 98%). Nineteen of the 23 urine samples with significant bacteriuria also had pyuria. The positive predictive value of concomitant bacteriuria and pyuria was 100%. When neither bacteriuria nor pyuria was found, the negative predictive value was 100%. It was concluded that urine microscopy using disposable counting chambers was very easy, inexpensive, quick and reliable and thus an extremely useful method for diagnosing UTI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis in patients with idiopathic low-molecular-weight proteinuria in Japan: is the disease identical to Dent's disease in United Kingdom?

Idiopathic low-molecular-weight (LMW) proteinuria is a newly described renal disease in Japan and Italy. We report on 7 patients who manifested bilateral or unilateral nephrocalcinosis, as demonstrated by abdominal computed tomography scans. Renal histology revealed calcinosis of renal tubules in 2 patients. Computed tomography is a reliable method for the detection of nephrocalcinosis in this disorder. Hypercalciuria was also seen in 6 patients. A calcium-loading test performed in 2 patients suggested that hypercalciuria was of renal origin. Although the true pathogenesis is still not known, hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis appear to be a common complication in patients with idiopathic LMW proteinuria. These complications and clinical features suggest that idiopathic LMW proteinuria in Japan is likely to be identical to Dent's disease in the United Kingdom.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[A case of spontaneous mesenteric fibromatosis occurred from the mesentery of the small intestine].

The fibromatosis is benign tumor which is characterized by the remarkable proliferation and the invasive growth of fibrous tissue and no distant metastasis. It usually occurs from the abdominal wall or the extremities, and rarely from the mesentery. A 54-year-old male complained of an epigastralgia and emesis. He was diagnosed through imaging as the obstructive ileus by abdominal tumor. The laparotomy was performed and a round, egg sized tumor was found wear by dilated ileum. The tumor was considered to occur from the mesentery, and the iliectomy with the tumor was completed. It was suggested that ileus occurred in the early stage because the tumor was located just by the ileum.

Fibromatosis, Abdominal↗
PubMed1994

Molecular analysis of esterase D polymorphism.

We have analyzed the esterase D (EsD) polymorphism at the nucleic acid level. Two common alleles, EsD1 and EsD2, are characterized by the substitution of one amino acid (Gly-to-Glu), which is caused by the point mutation of one nucleotide (G-to-A). Individuals exhibiting the EsD1 and EsD 2 phenotypes are homozygotes for EsD 1 and EsD 2 cDNAs, respectively. Individuals showing the EsD 2-1 phenotype have two kinds of cDNAs, viz., EsD 1 and EsD 2. The point mutation difference between the cDNAs of the EsD1 and EsD2 alleles results in a different SspI digestion site. A restriction fragment length polymorphism caused by this difference with respect to the SspI digestion site makes it possible to determine the EsD phenotype using DNA samples extracted from forensic materials with no EsD enzymatic activity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Assessment of the pathological grade of astrocytic gliomas using an MRI score.

To evaluate the usefulness of an MRI score for identifying tumour tissue characteristics, 41 histologically verified supratentorial astrocytic gliomas, including 13 low-grade astrocytomas (LGA) 14 anaplastic astrocytomas (AA) and 14 glioblastoma multiformes (GBM), were examined with a 0.5T superconductive MR imager. Nine MRI criteria were used: heterogeneity (HET), cyst formation or necrosis (CN), haemorrhage (HEM), crossing the midline (CM), oedema or mass effect (EM), border definition (BD), flow void (FV), degree (CE-D) and heterogeneity (CE-HET) of contrast enhancement; Gd-enhanced T1-weighted images were obtained in 32 cases (10 LGA, 10 AA, and 12 GBM). Each of the criteria was scored and analysed statistically. The mean values of LGA, AA and GBM were 0.45 +/- 0.31, 1.18 +/- 0.20, and 1.47 +/- 0.22, respectively. The MRI score increased with the pathological grades (P < 0.01-0.001). LGA had significantly lower values than AA in five (HET, CN, EM, BD, CE-D) of the nine criteria (55.6%) and lower values than GBM in all except HEM (88.9%). Three criteria (33.3%): HET, CN, and FV were significantly higher in GBM than AA. CE-D, HET, EM, CN, and CE-HET proved to be related to the pathological grade by a multiple regression analysis (P < 0.001).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

c-Jun expression in single cells and preneoplastic foci induced by diethylnitrosamine in B6C3F1 mice: comparison with the expression of pi-class glutathione S-transferase.

Expression of the oncogene product c-Jun was examined and compared with that of class pi glutathione S-transferase (GST-II) during chemical hepatocarcinogenesis in female and male mice. A single i.p. injection of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) (10 mg/kg) was administered to B6C3F1 mice and livers were immunohistochemically investigated with anti-c-Jun and anti-GST-II antibodies at various time points thereafter. In females, almost all foci detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining were positive for c-Jun 3, 6, 9 and 11 months after the DEN administration. Seventy-one and 82% of c-Jun-positive foci at 9 and 11 months respectively, were also positive for GST-II, while this was the case for only 15% at 6 months. In males almost all foci were also positive for c-Jun at 3 and 6 months, but 23% of foci were negative at 9 months. Unlike the foci in females, 96 and 79% of those in males expressing c-Jun were negative for GST-II at 6 and 9 months respectively. Both GST-II expression in foci of females and its lack in those of males were highly correlated with c-Jun expression. Furthermore, single cells expressing c-Jun were also observed in both sexes at 3 months and thereafter, but not at 2 or 4 weeks. Alterations in the numbers of c-Jun-positive single cells, minifoci and foci followed sequentially revealed the number of such single cells to decrease, while foci increased, the sum being relatively constant. On the other hand, while a large number of GST-II-positive single cells were detected in female livers 2 and 4 weeks after the DEN administration, they markedly decreased thereafter, suggesting that the majority were unlikely to give rise to foci. Thus, c-Jun may be a better positive marker not only for preneoplastic foci, but also putative precursor single cells in both female and male mice and therefore be useful for analysis of hepatocarcinogenic processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase excretion in term and preterm neonates.

Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion was measured in term and preterm neonates on days 1, 4, 7, 14 and 28 of life. Urinary NAG showed a peak level on day 4 or 7 in these infants. In addition, it tended to be higher with the degree of prematurity. In sick preterms who were depressed at birth and had respiratory failure, the NAG activity was further elevated during the first 2 weeks, suggesting the presence of renal tubular injury in this period. These observations thus suggest that urinary NAG may be a sensitive measure of renal maturation or damage in neonates.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1994

Attenuation of sodium nitroprusside responses after prolonged incubation of rat aorta with endotoxin.

We investigated the effects of prolonged treatment with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the responses to sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in endothelium-denuded rat aortic strips. Incubation of the aortic strips with LPS for 24 h dramatically attenuated relaxation and guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) formation by SNP, which were significantly restored by the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production with N omega-nitro-L-arginine. In the aorta coincubated with LPS and protein synthesis inhibitor (dexamethasone or cycloheximide, which prevents induction of endotoxin-inducible NO synthase), no attenuation of the relaxation was observed and the cGMP formation was significantly restored. Relaxation response to 8-bromo-cGMP or papaverine was not attenuated, even after 24 h of incubation. These results suggest that the attenuation of SNP responses is mainly associated with a decrease in the activation of guanylate cyclase (GC) as a consequence of the prolonged exposure to muscle-derived NO. Moreover SNP in the presence of methylene blue evoked a small but apparent relaxation of 24-h-incubated aorta without significant elevation of cGMP, suggesting the involvement of cGMP-independent pathways in the remaining relaxation produced by SNP.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1994

Renal handling of albumin and beta-2-microglobulin in neonates.

Urinary albumin and beta 2-microglobulin (B2M) were measured during the neonatal period. Urinary albumin decreased postnatally in term neonates, while it remained almost constant in preterm neonates. Urinary B2M showed a peak level on day 7 both in term and preterm neonates. There was some trend towards higher levels of albumin and B2M with decreasing gestation, showing that glomerular permeability increases and proximal tubular protein reabsorption decreases with increasing degrees of prematurity. In sick preterms who were depressed at birth and had respiratory failure, both parameters were elevated during the first 2 weeks, indicating the presence of glomerular and tubular damage in this period. The changes in B2M with gestation or clinical condition were more pronounced than those in albumin.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Cellulose acetate polymer thrombosis for the emergency treatment of aneurysms: angiographic findings, clinical experience, and histopathological study.

Cellulose acetate polymer solution is a liquid thrombotic material that hardens into the shape of an aneurysm into which it is injected. Therapy using this solution is a rapid technique that helps prevent the rupture of aneurysms, especially those that extravasate contrast material during angiography in the acute stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Using this polymer solution and an endovascular technique, we treated two patients who had aneurysms of the basilar and anterior communicating arteries with extravasation of contrast material during angiography a few hours after the initial subarachnoid hemorrhage. In one patient with an aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery, the aneurysm's wall was perforated with the catheter during neurointerventional procedures. In both patients, postoperative angiograms demonstrated obliteration of the aneurysmal dome, including the site of extravasation or perforation. The parent artery and surrounding perforating branches were preserved. Although we do not advocate aggressive therapy for patients who bleed during angiography, we pursued this therapy in these two patients because of the opportunity to introduce cellulose acetate polymer in an attempt to preserve the patients' lives. Unfortunately, both patients died. Histopathological studies performed at the time of autopsy demonstrated that the luminal surface of cellulose acetate polymer was covered with thrombus by 6 days after cellulose acetate polymer thrombosis. By 10 days, the thrombus had a prominent fibrin network, a concentrated plasma component, and few fibrocytes adhering to its luminal surface.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Direct thrombosis of a pseudoaneurysm after obliteration of a carotid-cavernous fistula with cellulose acetate polymer: technical case report.

A 55-year-old man who suffered a head injury resulting in a left traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula was successfully treated with an intravascular detachable balloon. A pseudoaneurysm formed adjacent to the balloon. Seven months after the initial procedure, treatment with cellulose acetate polymer, a new liquid thrombotic material, occluded the pseudoaneurysm and preserved the internal carotid artery.

Aneurysm, False↗