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Biomedical subjects

S U McCormick

Publications and source records attributed to S U McCormick.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Endoscopic foreheadplasty: a histologic comparison of periosteal refixation after endoscopic versus bicoronal lift.

Endoscopic brow lift techniques using temporary fixation rely on rapid readherence of the periosteum to calvarial bone. Little is known about the histologic events that occur during the early postoperative period after these procedures. An animal study was designed to compare and contrast periosteal fixation to bone and unelevated periosteum, with endoscopic and bicoronal brow lift techniques. One method of temporary fixation is the use of absorbable (polylactic/polyglycolic acid copolymer) LactoSorb screws; a histologic analysis of implanted LactoSorb screws was also performed. Sixteen rabbits underwent brow lifts; eight underwent endoscopic brow lift and fixation with LactoSorb screws without skin excision, and another eight underwent traditional bicoronal brow lift with skin excision and closure under tension. Animals were killed 1, 2, 6, and 12 weeks after the procedures were performed to evaluate the interaction of periosteum and bone and the normal, unelevated periosteum/calvarium interface at a site distant from the operative area. Histologic specimens were examined for the degree of apposition of periosteum to bone and for any fibrous or bony reaction at this interface. Histologic analysis showed various degrees of periosteal fibrosis and fixation to calvarial bone. After an initial phase of minimal periosteal adherence and moderate inflammation, the periosteum became progressively more adherent to bone in both groups, with no significant differences between treatment groups in rates of fixation. Fixation required at least 6 weeks. LactoSorb screws were surrounded by an area of mild inflammation and were progressively hydrolyzed and digested. Periosteal fixation increases over time for bicoronal and endoscopic brow lifts with minimal differences between the two techniques. With this animal model, periosteal adherence to calvarium requires at least 6 weeks with complete adherence by 12 weeks. In addition, the use of absorbable fixation screws seems to be both effective and well tolerated. The histologic changes associated with periosteal healing observed in this study suggest that permanent or semipermanent fixation may improve the accuracy and early postoperative maintenance of forehead advancement.

Absorption↗
PubMed1996

Intralesional vinblastine injections for the treatment of oral Kaposi's sarcoma: report of 10 patients with 2-year follow-up.

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the use of intralesional vinblastine injections for the treatment of the intraoral lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighteen patients were treated with up to three intralesional injections of 0.1 mg/cc vinblastine. RESULTS: All lesions responded to the local injections; 40% required one injection; 31%, two injections; and 29%, three injections. Large, exophytic lesions usually required the multiple injections. No complications were encountered, and the patients tolerated the protocol well. Ten patients were followed for 24 months. Eight died of their general disease during this period. Four patients developed new intraoral lesions, which were treated with, and responded favorably to, the three-injection protocol. CONCLUSION: Intralesional vinblastine injections are an effective and useful treatment alternative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated intraoral Kaposi's sarcoma.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1996

Facial asymmetry. The diagnostic challenge.

Evaluation of facial asymmetries requires a complete and systematic approach. This clinical examination is supplemented with radiographic studies including panoramic and cephalometric views. For complex cases CT scans are useful. Evaluation of the shape of the cervical vertebrae seen on lateral cephalometric radiographs can be used to predict potential growth in children.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Using counselors in a multideath disaster.

In the worst possible situation, a disaster results in multiple deaths, requiring the involvement of coroner's and medical examiner's offices. Guidelines offered by the National Association of Medical Examiners and by a national funeral directors' association suggest the use of ministers and chaplains to offer "pastoral" care to family members who have lost a loved one in a disaster. This article offers an example of a disaster protocol based upon national guidelines, but using certified and licensed professional counselors to provide preventive outreach counseling to those family members. Furthermore, this protocol uses a counselor in a key position to provide psychological care to investigative and medical personnel involved in the recovery and identification portions of a disaster.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1995

Effect of mandibular distraction on the temporomandibular joint: Part 1, Canine study.

The effect of osteodistraction on the temporomandibular joint was evaluated in a canine model. Eleven mongrel dogs were used in the study. An intraoral expansion device was placed after an osteotomy was made at the angle of the mandible via an intraoral approach. The mandibles were expanded either fully to 20 mm or partially to 10 mm. After expansion, nine animals were immediately killed; the remaining two were maintained in fixation for an additional 10 weeks. Cephalometric radiographs and computed tomographic scans obtained preoperatively and before killing were evaluated. No gross temporomandibular joint deformation or bodily movement was noted in the expanded or contralateral, unexpanded side. The temporomandibular joints were harvested en bloc for gross and microscopic evaluation. Flattening of the posterior aspect of the expanded condylar head was noted, with thinning of the condylar cartilage. New bone deposition was noted, which was evident as anterior lipping. Condyles maintained in 10 weeks fixation showed reparative changes. No evidence of avascular necrosis, microfracture, or cystic degeneration was noted. This study indicates that the force of distraction can induce bony changes in the temporomandibular joint and that these effects are minimal and reversible.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1995

Effect of mandibular distraction on the temporomandibular joint: Part 2, Clinical study.

Mandibular lengthening by gradual distraction has been gaining popularity. However, the effect of osteodistraction on the temporomandibular joint has been evaluated in patients with craniofacial anomalies who underwent mandibular distraction. Five patients had unilateral expansion and five had bilateral expansion. The mandibles were expanded 1 mm per day until the pogonion was in the midline. Preoperative, immediate, 6-month, and 12-month panoramic and cephalometric radiographs were evaluated. In unilaterally expanded mandibles, the ipsilateral condyle increased in size and volume, became more upright, and was oriented in a more normal vertical axis. The contralateral unexpanded condyle did not show deformational changes. In those mandibles that were bilaterally expanded, both condyles increased in size and volume and became more symmetrical and upright. Osteodistraction appears to affect bone in both local and distant sites. The expanded condyles were stimulated to ensure a more nearly normal shape, size, and configuration.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1994

Microanatomic analysis of the medial antebrachial nerve as a potential donor nerve in maxillofacial grafting.

PURPOSE: To histologically compare the anterior branch of the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (MACN) with the sural nerve using biometric techniques. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-centimeter segments of the right and left (MACN) and sural nerves from three cadavers were analyzed. The number of fascicles within the nerves were counted and the neural to connective tissue ratio was estimated. RESULTS: Sural nerves consistently showed greater amounts of connective tissue between the fascicles than the MACN. Fascicle diameter varied less throughout the length of the MACN. Fascicle diameter varied less throughout the length of the MACN and it showed fewer and larger fascicles, more closely approximating the anatomy of the inferior alveolar nerve. CONCLUSION: These preliminary data suggest that the MACN, on anatomic grounds, is theoretically more suited for grafting to the alveolar and lingual nerves than the sural nerve.

Forearm↗
PubMed1989

Bilateral bifid mandibular condyles. Report of three cases.

Bilateral bifid mandibular condyles are a rare anomaly that had previously been described only by Hrdlicka in material from skull collections. We present here three cases of bilateral bifid mandibular condyles in patients who sought treatment for other reasons. The radiographic appearance of this anomaly and its embryology are discussed.

Adult↗