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Biomedical subjects

S Umut

Publications and source records attributed to S Umut.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Determination of the etiological organism during acute exacerbations of COPD and efficacy of azithromycin, ampicillin-sulbactam, ciprofloxacin and cefaclor. Turkish Thoracic Society COPD Working Group.

Acute exacerbations, most of which are due to lower respiratory tract infections, cause great morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and most of these are due to lower respiratory tract infections. The aim of this study was to determine the causative organism and the effects of azithromycin, ampicillin sulbactam (sultamicillin), ciprofloxacin and cefaclor monohydrate therapy in COPD. One hundred and six patients with COPD in acute exacerbation were randomized into four groups for empiric antibiotic treatment following lung function tests and sputum examination. The most common strains isolated from sputum were Haemophilus influenzae (30.8%), Streptoccocus pneumoniae (12%) and Moraxella catarrhalis (7.7%). Azithromycin, sultamicillin, ciprofloxacin and cefaclor monohydrate were found to be effective in treating COPD exacerbations.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1993

Penetration of ciprofloxacin into pleural fluid.

The penetration of oral 1000 mg/day ciprofloxacin into pleural fluid is investigated in 15 patients with exudative pleural effusion. After 4 days of ciprofloxacin therapy ciprofloxacin concentrations were measured in plasma and pleural exudate simultaneously by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Mean serum ciprofloxacin level was 1.58 +/- 0.91 mg/L and mean pleural exudate concentration was 1.00 +/- 0.59 mg/L. The concentrations achieved were all above the MIC90 of the majority of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. It is concluded that ciprofloxacin penetrates well into the pleural fluid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Effect of theophylline in chronic obstructive lung disease.

The bronchodilator, respiratory center and respiratory muscle effects of oral sustained release theophylline are investigated with a placebo controlled double-blind study in 34 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD). The first 3 days were a theophylline washout period and the patients did not receive theophylline and on the 4th day, serum theophylline concentration was negligible. Initial pulmonary function tests were performed. Twenty-four of the patients took 350 mg oral sustained release theophylline twice a day. Ten of the patients were given placebo. On day 7, serum theophylline concentrations of the study group were in therapeutic doses and the tests were repeated. Bronchodilator effect was assessed by spirometry, flow-volume loops and measuring airway resistance (Raw). Respiratory muscle function was assessed by measuring maximal inspiratory (PImax) and expiratory pressures (PEmax) and the effect on respiratory center was evaluated by minute ventilation, mouth occlusion pressure index and inspiratory duty ratio. Forced vital capacity in one second (p less than 0.001), maximal mid expiratory flow rate (p less than 0.05), maximal expiratory flow at 50 percent of vital capacity (p less than 0.001), maximal inspiratory pressure (p less than 0.01) increased, while airway resistance (p less than 0.05) decreased significantly. Mouth occlusion pressure and minute ventilation mouth occlusion pressure index did not change after theophylline therapy. In placebo group, there was no significant change in airway obstruction assessed by spirometry and flow volume loops or in respiratory muscle function assessed by maximal respiratory pressures. It is therefore, concluded that oral sustained release theophylline has a bronchodilator effect in irreversible chronic obstructive lung disease, increases respiratory muscle function, but in therapeutic doses has no effect on respiratory center.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

Venous blood histamine levels and effect of terfenadine in patients with bronchial hyperreactivity.

Twenty-two subjects complaining of cough, chest tightness and/or shortness of breath with normal chest radiograph and normal pulmonary function test results were challenged with methacoline. Venous histamine levels were measured before and just after methacoline challenge. For comparison, a single blood sample was obtained from 10 normal subjects. Blood histamine levels were significantly higher in subjects with respiratory symptoms regardless of methacoline challenge being positive or negative (p less than 0.001). After methacoline challenge, blood histamine increased significantly in methacoline challenge positive group (p less than 0.05). Thereafter, terfenadine, a H1 antagonist, 120 mg/day were given to patients for one month. After terfenadine therapy, there was a subjective improvement of symptoms, methacoline provocation dose (PD20) increased and there was no significant change in blood histamine level. It is concluded that nonspecific challenge increases blood histamine levels and blood histamine levels seems to be a sensitive index of bronchial hyperreactivity in subjects with respiratory symptoms of unknown origin and that terfenadine is effective in the treatment of bronchial hyperreactivity.

Adult↗