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Biomedical subjects

S Uslu

Publications and source records attributed to S Uslu.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Age-related changes in the number of mast cells in the avian lymphoid organs.

The distribution of mast cells (MCs) was studied in the lymphoid organs (thymus, bursa of Fabricius and spleen) of 0-, 7-, 21-, 30- and 120-day-old chickens, using light microscopic histochemical techniques. Tissues samples were obtained under deep anaesthesia from animals in five groups. Tissues were fixed in Mota's fixative (basic lead acetate) for 24 h and embedded in paraffin. Six-micrometre-thick sections were stained with toluidine blue in 0.5% aqueous solution at pH 1.0 for 5 min and Alcian blue/Safranine at pH 1.42 for 30 min. MCs were found in the organs, mostly associated with sinuses and blood vessels. A large increase in MCs was observed in both thymus and spleen of 21-day-old chickens compared with 0-, 7-, 30- and 120-day-old chickens. However, in the bursa of Fabricius, numbers of MCs were significantly higher in the 7-day-old group compared with other age groups. Safranine-positive MCs were not observed in all organs and age groups. These results showed age-related changes in the number of MCs in avian lymphoid tissues.

Aging↗
PubMed2005

Evaluation of the relationship between inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity and effects of melatonin in experimental osteoporosis in the rat.

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. iNOS generates nitric oxide (NO), a free radical contributing to the imbalance between bone formation and resorption caused by estrogen depletion. Melatonin is the major product of the pineal gland which is known to diminish iNOS expression and NO production significantly. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of iNOS and the amount of apoptotic cells after melatonin treatment in ovariectomized rats. Since previous studies have shown that constitution of bone formation is primarily sustained in nucleus pulposus and epiphyseal cartilage, experiments were carried out on nucleus pulposus and epiphyseal cartilage; additional quantitation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts were evaluated on vertebral area as well. Vertebral sections of ovariectomized rats were obtained from formalin-fixed and parafin-embedded blocks. iNOS expression and quantitation of apoptotic cells in nucleus pulposus and epiphyseal cartilage were evaluated using indirect immunoperoxidase and TUNEL techniques, respectively. The number of osteoclasts and osteoblasts in trabecular bone was determined using histomorphometry. Ovariectomy increased iNOS expression and the number of apoptotic cells in nucleus pulposus and epiphyseal cartilage, whereas a 4-week treatment with melatonin (10 mg/kg/day) resulted in the reduction of both effects. These data indicate that there is strong influence of melatonin application on expression of iNOS, apoptosis, osteoclast and osteoblast numbers after ovariectomy. In conclusion, melatonin besides its usual use as an antiaging hormone, may also be an effective hormone in treatment of bone changes in estrogen deficiency states.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Submandibular accessory salivary gland causing Warthin's duct obstruction.

BACKGROUND: Submandibular masses are mostly secondary to sialolithiasis. Salivary gland tumors should be considered in the differential diagnosis. In this case report, an unusual cause of Warthin's duct obstruction caused by an accessory salivary gland tissue is presented. METHODS: Sialography revealed the submandibular accessory salivary gland. RESULTS: Submandibular gland excision was performed and histopathologic investigation showed the accessory salivary tissue, which was narrowing the Warthin's duct. CONCLUSIONS: In cases of a symptomatic submandibular accessory gland, excision extirpation of the submandibular gland and accessory salivary tissue should be undertaken.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Accessory nerve function after modified radical and lateral neck dissections.

OBJECTIVES: Evaluate preoperative and postoperative electrophysiological changes related to the accessory nerve with reference to dissection technique, modified radical neck dissection, and lateral neck dissection. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective electrophysiological analysis of accessory nerve function in a total of 20 laryngeal carcinoma patients after neck dissection, 12 being lateral neck dissection (4 bilateral) and 8 being modified radical neck dissection. METHODS: Distal latencies, compound muscle action potentials, and electromyography findings were investigated before surgery and, in early and late postoperative periods in 20 laryngeal carcinoma patients. Results were evaluated by Student t test and chi2 test for intragroup and intergroup differences. RESULTS: In the lateral neck dissection group, postoperative distal latencies were longer, without statistical significance, whereas in the modified radical neck dissection group postoperative latencies were statistically longer. Postoperative compound muscle action potentials were significantly lower in both groups. Electromyographic work-up showed deterioration in early postoperative periods and improvement in late postoperative periods. When intergroup differences were compared, both postoperative compound muscle action potential and electromyographic findings were worse in the lateral neck dissection group. CONCLUSIONS: The accessory nerve function after modified radical neck dissection is better than function after lateral neck dissection because of increased stress applied to the nerve during retraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle for achievement of a better exposed surgical field in lateral neck dissection.

Accessory Nerve↗
PubMed1998

Clinical presentation of a sphenochoanal polyp.

Although choanal polyps frequently arise from the maxillary sinus, a choanal polyp originating from the sphenoid sinus is a rare entity. In this report, an unusual case of a large choanal polyp taking origin from the sphenoid sinus is presented. The reasons for its development and methods of management are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

An anatomic variation of the stylomastoid foramen.

During the examination of cranial bones, we observed an abnormality in one of the right temporal bones. In this variation, the stylomastoid foramen was not completely formed on the temporal bone and instead of a foramen, there was a sulcus in its localization on the bone. The articulation with the occipital bone transformed this sulcus into a foramen. This variation was not reported in the literature.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Computed tomographic evaluation of surgically significant vascular variations related with the temporal bone.

Variations of the vascular structures related with the temporal bone may cause important problems in diagnosis, treatment planning and surgery. High resolution computed tomography (CT) scans of 700 temporal bones of 350 patients were retrospectively examined for the incidence of dehiscent jugular bulb, high jugular bulb, diverticulum of jugular bulb, anteriorly located sigmoid sinus and dehiscent internal carotid artery. Dehiscent jugular bulb was seen in 27 (3.9%), high jugular bulb was seen in 142 (20.3%), jugular bulb diverticulum was seen in 55 cases (7.9%). The average distance between external acoustic canal and sigmoid sinus was found to be 13.3 mm and in 12.4% of the cases this distance was < 10 mm. Of 700 temporal bones, 10 (1.4%) showed dehiscent carotid canal. To aid diagnosis, treatment planning and surgery, CT scanning is currently a very reliable tool in determining these conditions. Special attention should be paid to the position of the vascular structures in the preoperative temporal bone CT scans.

Carotid Artery, Internal↗
PubMed1993

Effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide and naloxone combination on urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase level and kidney histology of rats exposed to severe hemorrhage.

Renal hypoperfusion which occurs in hemorrhagic shock creates an environment in which cellular injury and organ dysfunction can occur during the episode of shock as well as reoxygenation and reperfusion. At the same time, mast cell degranulation which is observed during hemorrhage may have an additional deleterious effect on the kidney. Twenty-two (Mus norvegicus albinos) rats (200-250 g) of either sex were used. The animals were divided into three groups. Group 1, the control group, was exposed to a 40% hemorrhage. Group 2 was exposed to 40% hemorrhage and then shed blood reperfused. Group 3 was exposed to 40% hemorrhage, and in addition to shed blood reperfusion 25 ng kg-1 vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) + 5 mg kg-1 naloxone (NLX) were given. At the end of the experiment the kidneys were evaluated either histologically or by measurement of the urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity. Shed blood reperfusion caused continuation of ischemic tissue damage and elevation of urinary NAG activity. Addition of VIP and NLX to the blood reperfusion caused a decrease in urinary NAG excretion, and the histology of renal tissue was almost normal.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase excretion in patients with unilateral renal agenesis or nephrectomy in childhood.

Renal functional impairment due to the damaging effect of hyperfiltration of the remnant kidney was evaluated in patients who had been uninephrectomized in childhood or had unilateral agenesis. Sixteen patients (8 male, 8 female) a mean of 7.1 years (1-26 years) postnephrectomy were evaluated. Blood pressure values, clearances of creatinine (Ccr) and phosphorus (Cp), urine osmolality, total protein excretion and NAG (N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase) excretion were determined. Ccr values were slightly but not significantly lower (90.390 +/- 11.223 ml/min) than those of control subjects (110.818 +/- 7.755 ml/min). Daily urinary protein excretion adjusted for body surface was significantly higher in the study group (p < 0.05). Urinary NAG excretion measured with a spectrophotometric method and described as the Cr ratio was significantly higher in the patients than the control subjects (p < 0.05). It was concluded that the damaging effects of hyperperfusion not only involve the glomerulus but also the proximal and distal tubulus.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗