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Biomedical subjects

S V Urakov

Publications and source records attributed to S V Urakov.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[EEG peculiarities in posttraumatic Korsakov's syndrome].

The paper presents an attempt to define the structures of the cerebral functional pathologic system in the Korsakov's syndrome (KS) that develops after a severe craniocerebral trauma. 32 patients with reversible (21) and irreversible (11) KS variations were examined. Visual and coherent EEG-analysis was performed as well as determination of the three-dimensional location of the equivalent dipole sources of the separate pathologic components of the bioelectric activity. The data obtained were compared with the clinical ones. The role of both diencephalic and subcortical (including hippocampus) structures in KS development as well as the role of the right hemisphere were confirmed. Significance of the anterior (temporal-frontal-central) regions of the right hemisphere in KS regression was found. The degree of the injury of nonspecific frontal and brain stem structures and involvement of the left hemisphere into the pathological process together with the right one is essential for KS reversibility.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[An epileptic syndrome in patients with the sequelae of gunshot craniocerebral wounds].

To study the specific features of the epileptic syndrome after present-day gunshot cranial wounds (GCW), as well as risk factors of its occurrence, 56 victims were examined prospectively (within at least a year after their admission). The epileptic syndrome developed in 18 (32.1%) patients within 1 to 15 months following GCW; there were prevalent generalized convulsive (in 13 of the 18 patients) and focal (in 12 of the 18 ones) seizures. One type of seizures was noted in 7 patients, two or three ones were in 11. The polymorphism of seizures and a disparity of their psychopathological structure to the side of brain lesion were typical for left-handers. As compared to other patients, epileptics were more commonly found to have: 1) frontoparietal lesion; 2) multiple bony defects of the vault of the skull; 3) enlargement of the lateral ventricle of the brain on CT scans; 4) primary coma for > 2 hours and other depressed consciousness syndromes for > 1 day; 5) signs of left-handedness. The findings suggest that there is a need for studies of the functional asymmetry of the brain to gain a better insight into the problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intercentral EEG relationships in regressive and chronic post-traumatic Korsakoff syndrome].

Dynamic EEG study of patients with posttraumatic Korsakoff's syndrome (KS) with the application of complex analysis methods revealed a complicated pathological structure of the intercentral relations of cortical electrical activity. The interhemispheric EEG coherence between symmetrical frontal cortical areas are sharply reduced, while the intrahemispheric coherence are increased in comparison with the normal values. The proposed technique of segregation of statistically homogeneous spectro-coherent characteristics made it possible to reveal the earlier intercentral EEG relations formed by stable and variable coherence spectra. The structure formed by the stable and variable coherence spectra in KS differs from that reflected in the mean coherence levels. During the KS regression, the EEG coherence between the right and left frontal areas increased to the normal level, and the variable spectra are revealed. In the chronic KS syndrome, the pathological intercentral relations persist, while the variable relations in the frontal areas are absent. A reduction of pathologically decreased intrahemispheric coherence selectively revealed in the right hemisphere during the KS regression and formation of variable relations in this hemisphere point to a leading role of the right hemisphere in development of compensatory processes in KS. The reciprocal relations between the intra- and interhemispheric coherence and coherence dynamics in the theta rhythm suggest that pathological activity in the basal diencephalic structures plays an important role in formation of the pathological EEG pattern in KS.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neuronal heterotopy].

The diagnosis of most volumetric processes of the brain presents no difficulty today; however, there are a number of brain diseases whose clinical manifestations are similar to those of tumors. Despite the development of neurovisualization techniques (application of currently available computer and magnetic resonance tomographs and special programs, such as MR imaging and CT spectroscopy, diffusion and perfusion, etc.), some of these processes are difficult to differentiate from neoplasms noninvasively. It is evident that treatment policy should be quite different in these or those cases. Neuronal nodular heterotopy (ectopy) may be considered as one of such pseudotumorous processes. This case illustrates the rare abnormality that has the clinical and X-ray picture similar to that of neoplasms of the brain. Current noninvasive method do not always allow one to significantly verify the nature of brain tissue changes, which shows it necessary to use CT-stereotactic biopsy in some cases.

Adult↗