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Biomedical subjects

S Vanni

Publications and source records attributed to S Vanni.

43 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Study of second messenger levels and of sugar catabolism enzyme activities in transformed cells resistant to ionizing radiations.

We measured the level of second messengers, the activity of carbohydrate metabolism enzymes, and the resistance to ionizing radiations in normal 32D hematopoietic cells, in v-erbB transformants and in spontaneous transformants. v-erbB and spontaneous transformants were resistant to radiations as compared with their normal counterpart. The second messenger diacylglycerol was elevated in radioresistant clones. Only v-erbB transformants showed increase of the activities of enolase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. v-erbB-transformed NIH/3T3 cells, selected as control, showed identical correlation between radioresistance, increase of diacylglycerol, and of enolase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. These results indicate that increase of diacylglycerol is correlated with resistance to the killing effect of ionizing radiations and could be proposed as a marker of radioresponse.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1987

Crossmodal interaction is reflected in vertex potentials but not in evoked magnetic fields.

Magnetic responses and slow vertex potentials evoked by tone bursts and median nerve shocks were recorded in healthy humans to study crossmodal interaction. Stimuli were presented either alone, simultaneously or in pairs separated by 0.5 s; the interstimulus interval was 5 s. Simultaneous or preceding stimuli of another modality did not influence the amplitudes of the magnetic responses, which are known to be generated at modality specific projection areas. However, the electric vertex potentials decreased in amplitude in similar situations, suggesting that the electric and magnetic responses reflect neural events of at least partly different brain areas. Our results do not give support for crossmodal interaction at the sensorimotor or auditory cortices.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mild hypothermia, blood loss and complications in elective spinal surgery.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Spinal surgery carries risks of incidental spinal cord and nerve root injury. Neuroprotection, to minimize the extent of such injuries, is desirable. However, no neuroprotective strategies have been conclusively validated in nonvascular spinal surgery. Mild hypothermia resulting from general anesthesia is a readily achievable potential neuroprotective strategy. Mild hypothermia, however, has been associated with wound infection, increased operative blood loss and other complications. No previous studies have specifically evaluated whether mild hypothermia is associated with an increased risk of these complications in elective spinal surgery. PURPOSE: We investigated the association between incidental mild hypothermia, perioperative complications and operative blood loss. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: This is a retrospective study employing cohort analysis, rank analysis and single and multivariate linear regression. The setting was the Veterans Administration Medical Center, a teaching hospital of the University of Miami. PATIENT SAMPLE: Data on a total of 70 adult veterans aged 23 to 81 years undergoing complex spinal procedures in which passive cooling was employed during surgical decompression. OUTCOME MEASURES: The variables measured were temperature, blood loss, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and duration of anesthesia. The outcome measured was the presence or absence of complications. METHODS: After 70 patients had been acquired, regression and rank analyses were performed to test for a link between mild hypothermia and blood loss. In addition, two cohorts, patients who experienced complications, and those who did not experience complications in the perioperative period, were compared for several variables including three measures of exposure to hypothermia. Surgical procedures included 60 cervical, 1 occipitocervical, 1 cervicothoracic, 7 thoracic and 1 thoracolumbar procedure. Hypothermia followed induction of anesthesia; esophageal or bladder temperature was monitored. Cooling was passive; warming utilized a forced air blanket. Temperature data from anesthetic records was used to derive mean intraoperative temperature, nadir intraoperative temperature and the rates of cooling and rewarming. The time course of hypothermia, the overall fluctuation in core temperature and the quantity of subbaseline temperature were determined. Medical and surgical complications were included. Two patients with complications considered irrelevant to hypothermia were removed from further analysis. Patients with and without complications were compared as cohorts for differences in mean values of age, comorbid risk factors, intraoperative MAP, intraoperative blood loss, anesthetic duration and temperature-related measures. Relationships between blood loss, anesthesia duration and temperature parameters were assessed in rank and regression analyses. RESULTS: Patients with complications (n=12) had longer mean anesthetic durations (p=.0001) and larger mean surgical blood losses (p=.001) than patients without complications (n=56). Neither mean nor nadir intraoperative hypothermic temperatures were statistically associated with complications. However, large hypothermic integrals (p=.04) and the total quantity of recorded temperature fluctuation (p=.01) were both associated with complications. Comorbid risk factors, MAP and age were not statistically linked to complications. Finally, no relationship between any of the temperature measures and increased blood loss was found. CONCLUSION: Operative blood loss was not linked to any index of the patient's temperature. Longer anesthesia durations were linked to complications and increased blood loss. Regarding mild hypothermia, neither mean nor nadir hypothermic temperatures were linked to complications, but the estimated total quantity of subbaseline temperature was linked, as was total fluctuation in temperature. Lengthy exposure to mild hypothermia appeared to be associated with wound infections. The use of mild hypothermia as a potential neuroprotective strategy during spinal surgery appears to be reasonably safe, but to avoid complications, the duration of hypothermic exposure should be minimized.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Depressive symptoms and schizophrenia a psychopharmacological approach.

The frequency of depression was assessed in 43 chronic schizophrenic patients during an acute exacerbation phase of schizophrenia. The dexamethasone suppression test was administered to all patients. Depressive symptomatology showed a prevalence from 16.3% for moderate symptoms to 23.3% for mild ones. Depressive symptoms occurred concurrently with the psychotic picture and resolved as the psychosis remitted. Depressive symptoms were not relative to age, sex, duration of illness, DST cortisol levels, drug dosages and extrapyramidal side effects while basal cortisol levels were negatively correlated with basal Hamilton score.

Adolescent↗