Biomedical subjects

S Vianello

Publications and source records attributed to S Vianello.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1990

The influence of reproductive and hormonal factors on thyroid cancer in women.

We conducted a study on 165 women with thyroid cancer and 214 hospital controls in order to investigate the role of reproductive and hormonal factors in the aetiology of thyroid cancer. Late age at menarche (Relative risk (RR) for menarche at greater than or equal to 14 vs less than or equal to 11 = 2.8), menstrual irregularity (RR = 1.7), late age at first birth (RR for first birth at greater than or equal to 28 vs less than or equal to 21 = 2.4) and at last birth (RR for last birth greater than or equal to 30 vs less than 30 = 2.2) significantly increased the risk of the development of thyroid cancer both in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Parity was, in the present study rather inconsistently related to disease status whereas voluntary abortions and miscarriages were completely unrelated. A non significant increasing risk was observed with age at menopause older than 50, and with the use of oral contraceptives in premenopausal women. The mechanism of action of female hormones on the thyroid gland remains largely obscure, but the observation that age at first and, perhaps, subsequent pregnancies may be relevant points to an interplay of reproductive factors (and, possibly, their hormonal correlates) more complex than previously suggested.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗

PubMed1989

Risk factors for thyroid cancer in northern Italy.

We conducted a hospital based case-control study of 245 cases of thyroid cancer (62 males and 183 females) and 411 controls in three areas of Northern Italy. Subjects with thyroid cancer more often had a history of benign thyroid nodules (18 cases versus 0 controls, lower 95% confidence limit = 7.84), goitre (RR = 5.61, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.13-14.77) and residence in endemic goitre areas (RR for residence longer than 20 years = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.23-4.29). Heavy (greater than 1000 rads) irradiation of the neck was reported only by seven cases (lower 95% confidence limit: 2.45). Among 31 food items considered, a few showed direct association, including starchy foods and various sources of animal fats or proteins, whereas frequent consumption of other foods, including major sources of dietary iodine (such as fish, green vegetables and fruit) gave significant protection. When analysis was restricted to various subgroups of patients (ie, different histological types, sexes and major groups of hospital controls), it yielded similar results.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Effect of intravenous supplementation of a new essential amino acid formulation in hemodialysis patients.

Protein energy undernutrition (PEU) and abnormalities of amino acid (AA) metabolism are common in maintenance hemodialysis patients (MHP). A new EAA formulation (BS695), enriched with valine and threonine, containing some histidine, and low in phenylalanine and methionine was recently developed. We randomly supplemented 11 MHP with this solution (treated group, TG) and 10 MHP with a standard AA solution containing both essential and non-essential AA (control group, CG). Both groups received 3.65 g of nitrogen, i.v. three times per week during hemodialysis for six months. During treatment, dietary intake remained stable in both groups. Before treatment, after three and six months of treatment, and six months after the end of treatment, we determined routine blood chemistries, anthropometry, serum protein levels (albumin, transferrin), delayed cutaneous sensitivity (Multi-test), protein catabolic rate (PCR), plasma AA content and motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV). Before treatment PEU, predominantly of marasmic type, was common. After treatment anthropometry and immune response were unchanged in both groups; PCR increased more in CG than in TG; serum albumin levels decreased significantly only in CG; MNCV improved in TG and worsened in CG. These preliminary results suggest that this new EAA formulation may have beneficial effects on some nutrition related abnormalities of MHP. Better results might occur with long-term AA supplementation, particularly if it is associated with a higher energy intake.

Amino Acids, Essential↗

PubMed1985

Evaluation of use patterns of psychotropic drugs in an Italian geriatric hospital.

This study is a survey of psychotropic drug use patterns among 934 elderly patients admitted to the Padua Geriatric Hospital. 34% of the patients took psychotropic drugs during their stay in hospital. The drugs most commonly used are anxiolytics and hypnotics of the benzodiazepine class. Women subjects living alone, and to a lesser extent those suffering from particular disorders, as of the central nervous system and the musculoskeletal apparatus, seem to be at higher risk in the use of psychotropic drugs. Moreover, the results show that psychotropic drugs are prescribed during the stay in hospital and even on discharge to a high percentage of subjects who did not use such drugs before admission to the hospital.

Aged↗

PubMed1985