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Biomedical subjects

S Voss

Publications and source records attributed to S Voss.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Costs to affected individuals following an outbreak of food poisoning: a pilot study.

This small pilot study surveyed the victims of an outbreak of food poisoning, in order to investigate the personal consequences which they suffered so as to identify costs, which are often ignored in economic analyses. A response rate of 88% was achieved. The results showed that an average of 10.5 days of illness was suffered by the affected individuals and there was a marked variation in the number of days of work missed. Housewives were identified as a group whose personal consequences are often omitted from economic studies and a variety of other costs were identified. The results should be borne in mind when undertaking future economic studies of food poisoning.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1992

Doctors' understanding of the specialty of Public Health Medicine: a survey of general practitioners and junior hospital doctors.

The Acheson report recommended that the new name for Community Medicine should be Public Health Medicine and that a new group of doctors with responsibility for communicable disease control be established. Three years after the report, general practitioners and junior hospital doctors in one health district were surveyed regarding their understanding of the specialty. This study identified some confusion about the titles and functions of doctors in Public Health Medicine. It is important to understand this problem and make efforts to rectify it.

Community Medicine↗
PubMed1992

The usage of pregnancy tests in one health district.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the total number of pregnancy tests performed and the proportion that are repeated in one health district. To relate these results to the number of conceptions. DESIGN: Collection of data related to the numbers of pregnancy tests performed from all sources. Surveys of women booking for antenatal care or undergoing nonroutine obstetric ultrasound examination. SETTING: One health district in the south of England. RESULTS: About five pregnancy tests were performed for each proven pregnancy. Nearly two-thirds of tests were purchased over the counter, the remainder being carried out by hospital laboratories and pregnancy advisory services. Very few women had their pregnancy diagnosed on clinical grounds alone and a small number of ultrasound examinations were apparently performed in lieu of chemical tests. Repeated testing was more likely in primiparous women (P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Chemical pregnancy tests appear to be trusted more than clinical examination for the diagnosis of pregnancy by women and doctors. When there is no medical urgency, women who want formal confirmation of pregnancy should be advised that home testing kits will provide the quickest results.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

A survey of dog bites in Salisbury.

A recent survey of patients attending an Accident and Emergency (A&E) department serving several economically depressed Thanet coastal towns found that around 3 per 1000 of the resident population attended each year for the treatment of dog bite injuries (Thomas and Banks, 1990). We report a study of dog bite injuries treated in the A&E department serving Salisbury, a small prosperous Cathedral city, and surrounding villages. In comparison with Thanet, age specific incidence rates for dog bites show a similar pattern but only about half the overall incidence. Some reasons for these findings are suggested and extrapolations for national treatment figures are made.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Postpartum N-balance in lactating sows].

Continuous N-balances with sows (13 first litters and 118 piglets) were performed over 14 days. Milk yield was calculated using the daily gain of the suckling piglets. The amount of feed before farrowing was varied, during the trials feeding was ad libitum. In both trials reductions of milk yield were observed after 1 weak of lactation. The animals with the highest energy intake a. p. showed best performances in suckling time. There were 65 treatments with antibiotics caused by rectal temperatures of sows above 39.5 degrees C. High feeding of sows a. p. in accordance to the need is recommended with restricted and increasing amounts during the first week of lactation. Peripartal additives such as antibiotics or acids can be useful for health and performances.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1990

The effect of mechanical oral hygiene procedures on bleeding on probing.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of mechanical oral hygiene procedures on bleeding on probing in relation to age and periodontal status. The study was carried out on 49 individuals divided into 7 experimental groups according to age and having been either treated for destructive periodontal disease or having an intact healthy periodontium. In order to eliminate any pre-existant gingival inflammation, all subjects received a carefully controlled oral hygiene program. At the start of the experiment, all subjects were instructed to abstain from oral hygiene procedures for 24 h. Thereafter, clinical baseline measurements were carried out, including bleeding on probing (BOP) using a standardized probing pressure. Next, all subjects cleaned their teeth according to their normal oral home care protocol using a multitufted toothbrush, toothpicks and interdental brushes. BOP scores were again assessed 30 min after completed tooth cleaning procedures. The results revealed a significant increase in BOP after the mechanical oral hygiene procedures in every individual in all experimental groups (p less than 0.05). Further analysis showed that the increase in BOP was independent of the periodontal status of the subjects. However the BOP scores after mechanical oral hygiene procedures were higher in the young age groups. It was concluded that the diagnostic predictability of BOP in the treatment of periodontal diseases might be affected by temporarily elevated BOP scores shortly after mechanical oral hygiene procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Adenine nucleotide translocase-dependent anion transport in pea chloroplasts.

Pea chloroplasts were found to take up actively ATP and ADP and exchange the external nucleotides for internal ones. Using carrier-free [14C]ATP, the rate of nucleotide transport in chloroplasts prepared from 12-14-day-old plants was calculated to be 330 mumol ATP/g chlorophyll/min, and the transport was not affected by light or temperature between 4 and 22 degrees C. Adenine nucleotide uptake was inhibited only slightly by carboxyatractylate, whereas bongkrekic acid was nearly as effective an inhibitor of the translocator in pea chloroplasts as it was in mammalian mitochondria. There was no counter-transport of adenine nucleotides with substrates carried on the phosphate translocator including inorganic phosphate, 3-phosphoglycerate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. However, internal or external phosphoenolpyruvate, normally considered to be transported on the phosphate carrier in chloroplasts, was able to exchange readily with adenine nucleotides. Furthermore, inorganic pyrophosphate which is not transported by the phosphate carrier initiated efflux of phosphoenolpyruvate as well as ATP from the chloroplast. These findings illustrate some interesting similarities as well as differences between the various plant phosphate and nucleotide transport systems which may relate to their role in photosynthesis.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1983

An adenine nucleotide-phosphoenolpyruvate counter-transport system in C3 and C4 plant chloroplasts.

A rapid counter-exchange between ATP and phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) has been demonstrated in pea and maize mesophyll chloroplasts. Chloroplasts preloaded with either [14C] ATP or [14C] PEP readily exchange the radioactive compound with the externally added anions, ATP or PEP, whereas, cold external Pi counter-transports only with internal [14C] PEP. Flooding the system with cold Pi, however, will significantly reduce the counter-transport of external cold PEP with internal [14C] ATP. This ATP-PEP exchange is also markedly decreased by lowering the incubation temperature. The results indicate that the ATP-PEP counter-exchange could represent a key transport system in plant chloroplasts and may be particularly important in the photosynthesis of C4 plants. Furthermore, they provide information required to elucidate the mechanism of the ATP-PEP counter-transport system.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1981

Odor identification in young and elderly persons: sensory and cognitive limitations.

The investigation sought to uncover whether aging impairs ability to process olfactory information. College-age and elderly women first sought to discriminate among common odors. The elderly persons failed much more frequently than the young. Persons who achieved a high level of discrimination subsequently sought to identify 40 objects by smell and to use personality generated labels to name smells during repeated presentations. The older persons exhibited poorer ability in both tasks. Unlike young persons, the elderly failed to benefit from corrective feedback with their personally generated labels. Nevertheless, the elderly women did benefit from corrective feedback with the true names for the smells. Given enough practice with the true names, the elderly persons could possibly perform as well as the young. Processes that seem to facilitate identification include active encoding, active retrieval, and spontaneous use of verbal mediators. These cognitive operations seem compromised in elderly persons.

Adolescent↗