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Biomedical subjects

S W How

Publications and source records attributed to S W How.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Preparation of large temporomandibular joint specimens for pathological study.

Ten fresh temporomandibular joint (TMJ) specimens about 5 X 4.5 X 3.5 cm in size were removed at autopsy by 5 cuts according to appropriate anatomical landmarks. After routine formalin fixation, the whole-TMJ specimens were wrapped with a thin layer of self-curing resin and then cut with a low speed bone saw along the parasagittal plane predetermined by x-ray guidance. Each specimen was serially cut into 4 to 5 parallel slices of 3 mm thickness, which were then decalcified with 14% EDTA and embedded in paraffin. Histological sections of 5 microns were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The procedures were accomplished within 20 to 24 days after autopsy. With this technique, the anatomical interrelationships among the various joint components could be maintained and the macroscopic and microscopic topography of the TMJ could be studied in the desired reference plane. Therefore, the corresponding changes among the joint components in a diseased TMJ could be thoroughly examined. This technique was also applicable for the study of large specimens containing both hard and soft tissues.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Systemic penicillin as an experimental model of epilepsy.

Systemic use of high-dose penicillin was studied in rats and cats to establish an experimental model of epilepsy. In rats, intraperitoneal injection of 2.5 to 5.0 million units/kg (MU/kg) penicillin was effective to induce spikes in 45.7 +/- 31.0 min (means +/- SD) and seizure in 71.5 +/- 38.4 min. In cats, intravenous administration of penicillin at 0.5 to 1.0 MU/kg induced spikes in 10.4 +/- 7.8 min and seizure in 32.2 +/- 19.8 min. Intraperitoneal use of penicillin at 1.0 to 2.0 MU/kg caused spikes in 24.0 +/- 18.4 min and seizure in 71.2 +/- 38.3 min. Pretreatment with intravenous isoniazid at 16.3 +/- 10.3 mg/kg significantly delayed the appearance of intravenous penicillin-induced spikes to 63.1 +/- 49.8 min or prevented the appearance of spikes and abolished the occurrence of seizures. Acupuncture at various points increased the penicillin-induced spikes and seizures.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1984

Secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein by an ovarian germ cell tumor of apparent yolk sac origin.

alpha-Fetoprotein (alpha FP) and four placental proteins, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hpL), pregnancy specific beta 1-glycoprotein (SP1), and placental protein 5 (PP5), were measured in a 17-year-old patient with endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary. The circulating levels of alpha FP were consistently high (more than 14 mg/ml), and alpha FP was localized in tissue sections using immunohistochemical techniques. None of the four placental proteins was detectable in serum samples, but hCG was detected in urinary concentrates in an episodic manner. This ectopic hCG resembled placental hCG in its physicochemical and immunological characteristics. Unlike alpha FP, hCG was not detected in the tumor by immunohistochemical methods. This study indicates that the neoplasm elaborated both hCG and alpha FP. Whether pure endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary is capable of secreting hCG cannot be answered by this study because of limited histologic sampling. The likelihood that this represents a mixed germ cell tumor in which only the endodermal sinus tumor element was sampled remains a possibility. This study also indicates that the 24-hr urinary concentrate is far more sensitive than serum samples for hCG detection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Serum alpha-fetoprotein in the early stage of human hepatocellular carcinoma.

The serum alpha-fetoprotein levels of 17 patients with cancers less than or equal to 3 cm in size were studied using radioimmunoassay to determine alpha-fetoprotein response in the early stage of human hepatocellular carcinoma. The levels were normal in 6 patients (35%), and elevated to 645 +/- 1140 micrograms/L (mean +/- SD) in the remaining patients. The levels were not correlated with tumor size. In 10 surgically resected patients, 5 had elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein that returned to normal after surgery. The levels and tumor sizes were serially observed for 3-26 mo in the remaining 7 patients not surgically treated. In 1 patient alpha-fetoprotein levels were persistently normal and in the other 6 patients, the levels tended to increase with a median doubling time of 60-75 days (range 30-223 days). Despite continued tumor growth, a spontaneous fall in serum alpha-fetoprotein levels was encountered in 4 patients; in 2 patients the levels even fell within the normal range. After this fall, the levels increased drastically in 4 patients. We concluded that in the early stage of hepatocellular carcinoma, serum alpha-fetoprotein level is frequently normal, and thus determination of serum alpha-fetoprotein levels only is not a reliable indicator in the early detection of human hepatocellular carcinoma. A spontaneous fall in the level of alpha-fetoprotein is not an uncommon finding in the early stages of this cancer and cannot be used to rule out the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Immunopathological diagnosis of plasma-cell dyscrasia. Part I. "Primary" monoclonal gammopathy.

Two patients with "primary" plasma-cell dyscrasia, one with IgG kappa multiple myeloma and another with delta type light chain disease, are reported. Both of them presented extraosseous tumor mass on the forehead as an initial problem. They had moderate to severe anemia, accelerated ESR and multiple osteolytic lesions in the x-ray bone survey. They did not show prominent monoclonal spikes in serum electrophoregram and physiological immunoglobulins were not decreased. Repeated bone marrow aspirates on these two cases did not reveal definite plasmacytosis and pathological diagnosis was established by tumor biopsy. Immunopathological correlations were made, with an emphasis on rational analysis and interpretation of monoclonal proteins.

Biopsy, Needle↗