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Biomedical subjects

S W Klein

Publications and source records attributed to S W Klein.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

A general system for the automation of a backflush equipped gas chromatograph and its application in the determination of fluoride in plasma and faeces.

A fully automated system is described in which a gas chromatograph equipped with a backflush valve is automatically operated under the control of a specially designed timer unit. The system requires minimum data acquisition due to the selection of the signals to be integrated while waste of recorder paper is also avoided. It has the capability of unattended operation of fifty samples which--in the case of fluoride determination--are chromatographed in about four hours.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1985

Massive theophylline intoxication: effects of charcoal haemoperfusion on plasma and erythrocyte theophylline concentrations.

The results of a charcoal haemoperfusion on plasma and erythrocyte theophylline concentrations are described in a patient, intentionally intoxicated with a sustained-release theophylline formulation. It is demonstrated that the charcoal-filled Gambro Adsorba 300-C column is effective in removing theophylline. This effectiveness is based on pharmacokinetic parameters, which are presented. The necessity of measuring plasma and erythrocyte theophylline concentrations is outlined. Calculations based on plasma theophylline concentrations only can lead to an underestimation of the effectiveness.

Charcoal↗
PubMed1984

A new and improved gas chromatographic method for the determination of fluoride in plasma and faeces.

A method is described that extracts fluoride selectively as trimethylfluorosilane using carbon tetrachloride and trimethylchlorosilane . Drawbacks of other methods as well as advantages of the proposed method are discussed. The method is directly applicable to plasma and faeces samples, has a short gas chromatographic run time due to the use of a backflush technique and is suitable for automation. Its lowest quantifiable limit for plasma and faeces is 10 micrograms/l and 1 microgram/g fluoride respectively, using 1.0 ml or 1.0 g samples. Preliminary pharmacokinetic parameters of fluoride obtained in two subjects are reported.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1980

Selenium in premature infants.

Premature infants have a lower selenium concentration in serum than full-term infants and children. The selenium concentration goes down quickly in infants treated for respiratory distress syndrome without supplementation. One premature infant with bronchopulmonary dysplasia had persistently low concentrations of selenium. Vitamin E supplements did not affect the serum selenium concentration in healthy premature infants. Supplementation with 3 microgram/kg of selenium in parenteral fluids prevented the fall in the concentration seen in other infants not supplemented. Premature infants and especially those treated with oxygen may warrant selenium supplementation to the parenteral nutrition solution. Vitamin E supplements alone are apparently not sufficient to prevent selenium deficiency and potential oxygen toxicity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Prevention and treatment of serous otitis media with an oral antihistamine. A double-blind study in pediatric practice.

Serous otitis media (SOM) is a common and troublesome disease in childhood. Although antihistamines are commonly prescribed to prevent or treat SOM, there have been no controlled clinical trials to determine the efficacy of such interventions. This study was designed to determine if antihistamines are of value in the prevention or treatment of SOM. Using a randomized double-blind method, 206 children with acute otitis media were treated with antibiotics and either brompheniramine maleate or placebo. The children were evaluated two weeks later by tympanometry and, independently, by combined pneumatoscopy and otoscopy. There were no significant differences overall between the treatment and control groups in terms of preventing SOM: 44% of those on antihistamine and 41% of those on placebo had SOM after two weeks of therapy. However, children with a history of serous otitis media did significantly better on placebo than did those on antihistamine, and children without a history of serous otitis media did significantly better on antihistamine than did those on placebo. One hundred children continued to use antihistamine or placebo for four more weeks. There were no significant differences between the treatment and control groups in terms of resolution of SOM (64% versus 68%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Collaborative research between a Department of Pediatrics and its clinical faculty.

Collaborative research involving members of the full-time and clinical faculties of a Department of Pediatrics increases our knowledge of problems encountered in primary care practice by bringing the practitioner's perspective on the nature of such problems and the population of patients he serves to the investigative arena. For the practitioner, active involvement in collaborative research is rewarding because he or she formulates the questions to be addressed and takes part in planning and implementing the research and reporting results. Through such collaboration, the academician gains immeasurably by being able to study common clinical problems in primary care settings, where they are encountered most often. To be successful, collaborative research must be a joint effort with ongoing communication and sharing of responsibilities between academicians and practitioners.

Faculty, Medical↗
PubMed1978

Prevention and therapy of serous otitis media by oral decongestant: a double-blind study in pediatric practice.

We studied the efficacy of (1) preventing the development of serous otitis media (SOM) by using an oral decongestant in children with acute otitis media and (2) treating SOM with an oral decongestant. In a randomized double-blind study, 190 children were treated for acute otitis media with antibiotics and either pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (Sudafed) or placebo. They were evaluated two weeks later by tympanometry and (independently) by clinical evaluation and pneumotoscopy. There were no significant differences between the two groups, except that males developed SOM significantly more often than did females. Use of decongestant and placebo was continued in 78 patients with SOM for up to four more weeks. Again, there were no siginificant differences between the treatment groups except that patients with an allergic history did significantly worse using a decongestant. Overall there was no benefit from pseudoephedrine in either the prevention or treatment of SOM.

Acute Disease↗