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Biomedical subjects

S Wikström

Publications and source records attributed to S Wikström.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Hemodynamic effects of methylprednisolone in rats subjected to segmental intestinal ischemia.

Massive doses of methylprednisolone were given to rats subjected to segmental intestinal ischemis. The central and regional blood flows were studied with the microsphere technique. Ischemia was induced by ligating the arteries to 1/4 of the length of the small intestine. In rats subjected to 2 h of segmental intestinal ischemia methylprednisolone seemed to prevent the decrease in blood flow, previously noted in untreated rats, in the regions where the arteries were not occluded. When adequate volume replacement was given in combination with methylprednisolone, the blood flow in the ischemic region showed a slight improvement. The edema in the ischemic segments tended to be less marked in rats treated with methylprednisolone.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The effect of digitalis on regional ischaemia of the rat small intestine.

Research in recent years has shown that under certain conditions digitalis has a strong vasoconstrictive effect in the splanchnic region. This may imply that in cases of mesenteric ischaemia, digitalization may inhibit a collateral circulation necessary for restoration of the intestinal function. In this investigation the effect of digitoxin on the exchange circulation of the small bowel mucosa was studied in rats with induced regional ischaemia of the intestine. On analysis 30 min after establishment of the ischaemia a statistically significant negative effect of digitoxin was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effects of sympatho-adrenal activity and pharmacological treatment on gastrointestinal propulsion in the early postoperative period. An experimental study in the laparotomized rat.

Gastric evacuation and small bowel propulsion were greatly retarded two hours after laparotomy in the rat. Adrenal demedullation, chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine or treatment with a cholinesterase inhibitor (Neostigmin), an alpha-receptor blocker (Dibenyline) or metoclopramide (Primperan) did not improve the gastric evacuation. Chemical sympathectomy or treatment with metoclopramide, however, significantly improved small bowel propulsion. A significant reflux of duodenal contents to the stomach was found in several animals treated with the cholinesterase inhibitor or subjected to adrenal demedullation.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1976

Heme compounds in the plasma in small bowel ischemia in the rat.

The early diagnosis of acute mesenteric occlusion presents a difficult problem in abdominal surgery. In a study on rats the relation between graded small bowel ischemia and the concentration of heme compounds in the plasma was investigated. The ischemia was produced by ligation of terminal vessels at the mesenteric margin of the intestine (mesenteric end arcades) or the superior mesenteric artery. Heme compounds were assayed by a benzidine method developed by Crossby et al. The concentration of heme compounds in the plasma was higher in animals with various grades of intestinal ischemia than in animals subjected to laparotomy alone. This increase was noted as early as 4 hours after induction of moderate and severe grade of ischemia. The results indicate that an increase in plasma concentration of heme compounds takes place at an early stage of moderate and severe small bowel ischemia following mesenteric vascular occlusion but not until after 48 hours in mild ischemia. The clinical value of this method has to be tested in a clinical study.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Pharmacological effects on gastric emptying following laparotomy in the rat.

Alteration of the gastrointestinal motility following abdominal surgery is a well substantiated clinical observation. Clinical reports concerning the effect of drugs theoretically suitable for normalizing inhibited gastric emptying during the postoperative period have been conflicting, however. The effect of chlorpromazine, neostigmine and metoclopramide upon retarded gastric emptying following laparotomy was studied in experiments on rats. Metoclopramide (Primperan) considerably improved the emptying ability of the stomach as early as 24 hours after laparotomy. After 72 hours this effect was further accentuated. No improvement of postoperatively retarded motility resulted from treatment with chlorpromazine or with neostigmine during the first 3 postoperative days.

Animals↗