PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Wolfe

Publications and source records attributed to S Wolfe.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Targeted mid-trimester ultrasound examination: how does fetal anatomic visualization depend upon the duration of the scan?

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between visualization of key fetal anatomic structures during mid-trimester ultrasound examination with gestational age and duration of examination. METHODS: One hundred ultrasound examinations at 16-22 weeks' gestation were reviewed to determine the times at which key fetal anatomic features were seen. Scans were terminated at 30 min or when a comprehensive anatomic survey was complete. Exclusion criteria included multiple gestation, maternal weight>77 kg, abdominal wall scarring, and suspected fetal anomalies. RESULTS: Visualization of cranial anatomy including lips, face, midline, ventricles, choroid plexus, and cerebellum was achieved in 98% of patients within 30 min. The corresponding figures for spine, cardiac screening (four-chamber, aortic, and pulmonary outflow views) and for abdominal anatomy (stomach, kidneys, bladder, ventral wall, and three-vessel cord) were 91%, 91%, and 99%, respectively. A complete anatomic survey including each of the above elements was obtained by 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 min in 8%, 31%, 53%, 72% and 81% of the subjects. Rates of complete anatomic surveys within 30 min improved by gestational age interval, from 20/30 (67%) at 16-18 weeks, to 36/44 (82%) at 18-20 weeks, and 25/26 (96%) at 20-22 weeks; this rise was primarily due to improvements in visualization of the spine and heart. CONCLUSIONS: A comprehensive anatomical survey can be completed in 10 min or less in a minority of patients. For each 5-min time increment up to 30 min, the rate of complete surveys improves. Rates of completed anatomic surveys rise with gestational age.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed2002

Nutrition in patients with cystic fibrosis: a European Consensus.

This document is the result of an European Consensus conference which took place in Artimino, Tuscany, Italy, in March 2001 involving 33 experts on nutrition in patients with cystic fibrosis, organised by the European Cystic Fibrosis Society, and sponsored by Axcan-Scandipharm, Baxter, Dr Falk Pharma, Fresenius, Nutricia, SHS International, Solvay Pharmaceuticals (major sponsor). The purpose of the conference was to develop a consensus document on nutrition in patients with cystic fibrosis based on current evidence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Enteral tube feeding for cystic fibrosis.

BACKGROUND: Enteral tube feeding is routinely used in many cystic fibrosis centres when weight for height percentage is less than 85%, when there has been weight loss for greater than a two month period or when there has been no weight gain for two to three months (under five years old) or for six months (over five years old). OBJECTIVES: To examine the evidence that in patients with cystic fibrosis supplemental enteral tube feeding improves nutritional status, respiratory function, and quality of life without significant adverse effects. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group specialised register and contacted the companies which market enteral feeds and reviewed their databases. Date of the most recent search of the Group's specialised register: November 1999. SELECTION CRITERIA: All randomised controlled trials comparing supplemental enteral tube feeding for one month or longer with no specific intervention in patients with cystic fibrosis. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: There are no trials included in this review. MAIN RESULTS: There are no trials included in this review. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Supplemental enteral tube feeding is widely used throughout the world to improve nutritional status in patients with cystic fibrosis. The methods mostly used, nasogastric or gastrostomy feeding, are invasive, expensive, and may have a negative effect on self esteem and body image. Reported use of enteral tube feeding suggests that it results in nutritional and respiratory improvement and it is disappointing that their efficacy has not been fully assessed by randomised controlled trials. With the more frequent recommendations to use enteral tube feeding as an early rather than a late intervention, this systematic review identifies the need for a multi-centre randomised controlled trial assessing both efficacy and possible adverse effects of enteral tube feeding in cystic fibrosis.

Cystic Fibrosis↗
PubMed1999

Terminal QRS distortion on admission is better than ST-segment measurements in predicting final infarct size and assessing the Potential effect of thrombolytic therapy in anterior wall acute myocardial infarction.

We assessed predicting final infarct size (using predischarge Selvester score) by 3 electrocardiographic variables in 267 patients with first anterior wall acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing (n = 86) or not undergoing (n = 181) thrombolysis. Patients with previous AMI or inverted T waves in leads with ST elevation were excluded. The sum (sigma) of ST elevation, the number of leads with ST elevation, and the initial electrocardiographic pattern were determined on the admission electrocardiogram (absence (QRS-) or presence (QRS+) of distortion of the terminal portion of the QRS in > or =2 leads (J point > or =0.5 of the R-wave amplitude in leads I, aVL, V4 to V6, or presence of ST elevation without S waves in leads V1 to V3). There was no association between sigmaST elevation and final infarct size in patients who did or did not receive thrombolytic therapy. Analysis of covariance showed that the number of leads with ST elevation (F = 19.6), thrombolysis (F = 25.2), and QRS+ initial pattern (F = 19.5) were all associated with final infarct size (p <0.0001 for all). Among patients who did not receive thrombolytic therapy, the average Selvester score was 19.7+/-9.9 for the QRS- patients and 26.1+/-10.4 for the QRS+ patients (p = 0.02). Among patients who received thrombolytic therapy, the average Selvester score was 11.7+/-9.8 for the QRS- patients and 24.2+/-10.1 for the QRS+ patients (p <0.0001). Thrombolysis reduced final Selvester score only in the QRS- group (p <0.00001), but not in the QRS+ group (p = 0.45). It is concluded that (1) final Selvester score in anterior wall AMI can be predicted by the number of leads with ST elevation, the initial electrocardiographic pattern, and thrombolysis, and (2) thrombolysis reduces final Selvester score only in patients with QRS- pattern.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Stimulatory effect of growth in the presence of alcohols on biotransformation of penicillin G into cephalosporin-type antibiotics by resting cells of Streptomyces clavuligerus NP1.

Growth of Streptomyces clavuligerus NP1 in the presence of methanol or ethanol resulted in a marked increase in production of cephalosporin(s) from penicillin G by resting cells. The mycelium produced in alcohol-supplemented medium was fragmented and dispersed as compared with growth in control medium. HPLC analysis showed that at least two products were present in the biotransformation supernatant fluid after 1 h incubation. One of them has been identified as deacetoxycephalosporin G (DAOG).

Alcohols↗
PubMed1999

Ethics on the job. A survey. Quality vs. cost.

In this third installment in our series, nurses tell us how hospital cost-cutting measures have taken a bite out of quality of care, affecting everything from staffing levels to patient discharge to the availability of supplies. Depending on where you work, though, the news isn't all bad.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1998

Elucidation of conditions allowing conversion of penicillin G and other penicillins to deacetoxycephalosporins by resting cells and extracts of Streptomyces clavuligerus NP1.

Using resting cells and extracts of Streptomyces clavuligerus NP1, we have been able to convert penicillin G (benzylpenicillin) to deacetoxycephalosporin G. Conversion was achieved by increasing by 45x the concentration of FeSO4 (1.8 mM) and doubling the concentration of alpha-ketoglutarate (1.28 mM) as compared with standard conditions used for the normal cell-free conversion of penicillin N to deacetoxycephalosporin C. ATP, MgSO4, KCl, and DTT, important in cell-free expansion of penicillin N, did not play a significant role in the ring expansion of penicillin G by resting cells or cell-free extracts. When these conditions were used with 14 other penicillins, ring expansion was achieved in all cases.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗