Two novel CYLD gene mutations in Chinese families with trichoepithelioma and a literature review of 16 families with trichoepithelioma reported in China.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
S Yang
Publications and source records attributed to S Yang.
The effect of mizolastine on expression of vascular endothelial cell growth factor, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and keratinocyte-derived chemokine in murine mast cells, compared with dexamethasone and loratadine.
It has been shown that many antihistamines may have anti-inflammatory activity in addition to being H1 antagonists. Mizolastine (MIZ), a novel antihistamine, might also have anti-angiogenesis properties. In this study, we investigated the influence of MIZ on proangiogenesis factors, vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC) in murine mast cells by using ELISA and RT-PCR, as compared with dexamethasone (DEX) and loratadine (LOR). Our results show that MIZ is effective in the inhibition of KC, VEGF and TNF-alpha release induced by an IgE-dependent mechanism, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The differences between the inhibitory effects of the three drugs on these proangiogenic factors were rather subtle. Semiquantitative analysis using RT-PCR showed that the three drugs significantly reduced VEGF165, VEGF120, TNF-alpha and KC mRNA expression. Statistical results revealed that the effect of DEX on VEGF165 mRNA was different from that of MIZ or LOR (P < 0.01) and the differences between the three drugs on VEGF120, TNF-alpha and KC mRNA were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). These findings raise the possibility that MIZ can mediate anti-angiogenesis activity and that the effect may depend not only on the inhibition on the levels of cytokine proteins but also at the mRNA level.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents↗
Clinical profiles of vitiligo in China: an analysis of 3742 patients.
Very few articles have aimed to illuminate the clinical profiles of vitiligo in China. We conducted this retrospective survey involving 4118 outpatients with vitiligo in order to identify the differences among various clinical types of vitiligo and their associated disorders. Completed questionnaires (3742) were validated and analysed. Of this large cohort, 1565 (41.8%) individuals presented vitiligo vulgaris, followed by focal, segmental, acrofacial, and universal, in that order. The mean age of vitiligo onset was 18.88 years. More than 60% of the patients were affected before 20 years of age. Patients with segmental vitiligo were affected earlier than those with other types of vitiligo (15.55 years; (P < 0.001). More than 74% of the patients presented with focal vitiligo at onset. After 3-5 years, 99% of active vitiligo was worse and shifted from one clinical type to another. However, there was no transformation between acrofacial vitiligo and segmental vitiligo. Compared with the general population, the patients with vitiligo were more likely to be affected by rheumatoid arthritis (P < 0.01), ichthyosis (P < 0.01), chronic urticaria (P < 0.01), or alopecia areata (P < 0.01).
Adolescent↗
Muramyldipeptide and diaminopimelic acid-containing desmuramylpeptides in combination with chemically synthesized Toll-like receptor agonists synergistically induced production of interleukin-8 in a NOD2- and NOD1-dependent manner, respectively, in human monocytic cells in culture.
Two types of synthetic peptidoglycan fragments, diaminopimelic acid (DAP)-containing desmuramylpeptides (DMP) and muramyldipeptide (MDP), induced secretion of interleukin (IL)-8 in a dose-dependent manner in human monocytic THP-1 cells, although high concentrations of compounds are required as compared with chemically synthesized Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists mimicking bacterial components: TLR2 agonistic lipopeptide (Pam3CSSNA), TLR4 agonistic lipid A (LA-15-PP) and TLR9 agonistic bacterial CpG DNA. We found marked synergistic IL-8 secretion induced by MDP or DAP-containing DMP in combination with synthetic TLR agonists in THP-1 cells. Suppression of the mRNA expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)1 and NOD2 by RNA interference specifically inhibited the synergistic IL-8 secretion induced by DMP and MDP with these TLR agonists respectively. In accordance with the above results, enhanced IL-8 mRNA expression and the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB induced by MDP or DMP in combination with synthetic TLR agonists were markedly suppressed in NOD2- and NOD1-silenced cells respectively. These findings indicated that NOD2 and NOD1 are specifically responsible for the synergistic effects of MDP and DMP with TLR agonists, and suggested that in host innate immune responses to invading bacteria, combinatory dual signalling through extracellular TLRs and intracellular NODs might lead to the synergistic activation of host cells.
Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
Age- and sex-specific body composition of Chinese children.
UNLABELLED: We examined age- and sex-specific body compositions of Chinese children by the bioelectrical impedance method. The subjects were a total of 587 children aged 6-14 y who had normal relative weight. In all ages, boys had larger fat-free mass and lower percent body fat (%BF) than girls did. Even in the subjects with BMI <20 kg/m2, more than one quarter of them had high %BF. CONCLUSION: Chinese children may have higher %BF than that predicted by BMI.
Adolescent↗
Transgenic overexpression of neuromedin U promotes leanness and hypophagia in mice.
Recent work has shown that neuromedin U (NmU), a peptide initially identified as a smooth muscle contractor, may play a role in regulating food intake and energy homeostasis. To further evaluate this putative function, we measured food intake, body weight, energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis in transgenic mice that ubiquitously overexpress murine proNmU. NmU transgenic mice were lighter and had less somatic and liver fat, were hypophagic, and had improved insulin sensitivity as judged by an intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test. Transgenic mice had higher levels of hypothalamic NPY, POMC and MCH mRNA. There was no difference in O2 consumption between genotypes; however, NmU transgenic mice displayed a modest increase in respiratory quotient during food deprivation and refeeding. There were no behavioral disturbances in the NmU transgenic mice that could account for the results (e.g. changes in locomotor activity). When placed on a high-fat diet, transgenic mice remained lighter than wild-type mice and ate less, but gained weight at a rate similar to wild-type mice. Despite the increased weight gain with high-fat feeding, glucose tolerance was significantly improved in the transgenic mice. These findings support the hypothesized role of NmU as an endogenous anorexigenic peptide.
Animals↗
Early predictors of mortality in pneumococcal bacteraemia.
INTRODUCTION: Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteraemia is associated with significant mortality rates worldwide. The purpose of this study is to identify risk factors for predicting mortality in patients with S. pneumoniae bacteraemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was carried out in a university-affiliated acute tertiary care hospital in Singapore. Thirty-eight patients with blood cultures positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae over a 2-year period from January 2000 to December 2001 were recruited for the study. RESULTS: The records of patients admitted to hospital with blood cultures positive for S. pneumoniae between January 2000 and December 2001 were reviewed. Thirty-eight patients were found positive for S. pneumonia; this included 31 men (81.6%) and 7 women (18.4%) between the ages of 14 years and 90 years. Of this, 7 patients (18.4%) required admission to the intensive care unit, 5 of whom required mechanical ventilation. The factors that predicted mortality were the presence of septic shock (P <0.005), leukopenia or leukocytosis (P <0.005), the presence of an underlying malignancy (P = 0.008), anaemia (P = 0.025) and the presence of a high anion gap (P = 0.047) on admission. CONCLUSION: Of all the risk factors observed, those that predicted mortality in patients on initial presentation of S. pneumoniae bacteraemia were the presence of septic shock, leukopenia or leukocytosis, anaemia, a raised anion gap and the presence of an underlying malignancy.
Adolescent↗
Solid-phase extraction-high-performance liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry for analysis of trace concentrations of macrolide antibiotics in natural and waste water matrices.
A method using solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) has been developed for determination of trace concentrations of erythromycin-H2O (ETM-H2O), roxithromycin (RTM) and tylosin (TLS) in natural and waste water matrices. These macrolides (MLs) were extracted from water samples using Oasis HLB cartridges, and the average recovery was 93.6 +/- 8.6, 92.1 +/- 10.0, and 94.3 +/- 8.9% for ETM-H2O, RTM and TLS in surface water, respectively. For water from the influent of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), the average recovery was 84.8 +/- 14.0, 83.2 +/- 13.1, and 86.1 +/- 13.4% for ETM-H2O, RTM and TLS, respectively. Method detection limits in a natural water matrices were 0.07, 0.03, and 0.05 microg/l for ETM-H2O, RTM, and TLS, respectively. Fragment or product ions from MS spectra using in-source collision-induced dissociation and MS-MS spectra have been identified. The accuracy and day-to-day variation of the method fell within acceptable ranges. The method was evaluated by studying the occurrence of the three macrolides on a river and a WWTP in northern Colorado. None of the antibiotics were detected in the stream except immediately downstream of a WWTP, a result consistent with their presence in the influent and effluent of the treatment facility.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
Mitochondrial respiratory function and antioxidant capacity in normal and cirrhotic livers following partial hepatectomy.
For many liver malignancies, major hepatectomy is the usual therapy. Although a normal liver has a tremendous capacity for regeneration, liver hepatectomy in humans is usually carried out on a diseased liver and, in such cases, liver regeneration takes place in a cirrhotic remnant. Mitochondrial function in cirrhotic livers shows a variety of changes compared to control livers. This study investigated how mitochondrial respiratory function and antioxidant capacity change following partial hepatectomy of cirrhotic livers, because liver regeneration requires greater energy demands and control of oxidative stress. Cirrhosis was induced in male Wistar-Furth rats by administration of thioacetamide. NADH-cytochrome c reductase activity, mitochondrial glutathione peroxidase activity and mitochondrial GSH levels were all significantly lowered in cirrhotic livers and in the cirrhotic remnants up to 72 h after 70% hepatectomy when compared to the corresponding controls. Lower respiratory control ratios with succinate as substrate were also observed from 6 to 48 h post-hepatectomy. At 24 h post-hepatectomy, higher levels of lipid peroxidation were observed. We conclude that, compared to the controls, cirrhotic livers have diminished oxidative phosphorylation capabilities due to changes in NADH and FADH(2)-linked respiration as well as impaired antioxidant defenses following partial hepatectomy. Both of these factors, if critical, could then impede liver regeneration.
Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
Long-term synaptic plasticity in deep layer-originated associational projections to superficial layers of rat entorhinal cortex.
Superficial layers of the entorhinal cortex (EC) relay the majority of cortical input projections to the hippocampus, whereas deep layers of the EC mediate a large portion of hippocampal output projections back to other cortical areas, suggesting a functional segregation between superficial and deep layers of the EC as input and output structures of the hippocampus, respectively. However, deep layers of the EC send associational projections to superficial layers, suggesting a potential interaction between neocortical input and hippocampus-processed output in superficial layers. This possibility was investigated by examining whether deep to superficial EC projections support long-term synaptic plasticity, and whether they interact with other pathways in superficial layers in rat medial EC slice preparations. Synaptic responses of the deep-to-superficial layer projections were verified based on field potential profiles, paired-pulse facilitation, physical separation between superficial and deep layers, and pharmacological manipulation. Long-term potentiation (LTP) was reliably induced in the deep-to-superficial layer projections by burst stimulations that emulated theta or sharp wave electroencephalogram (EEG),and it was blocked by an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist (D-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid) and a calcium channel blocker (nifedipine). Prolonged low frequency stimulation induced long-term depression. A weak stimulation of deep layers, which induced a small degree of LTP by itself, generated a much larger degree of LTP when paired with a strong stimulation of superficial layers, indicating that the deep-to-superficial layer projections cooperate with other pathways in the superficial EC to enhance synaptic weights. Our results suggest that neocortical input and hippocampal output information are integrated in superficial layers of the EC.
6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione↗
In vitro assessment of copper-induced toxicity in the human hepatoma line, Hep G2.
Copper, though essential, is highly toxic when present in excess, as in Wilson disease, a genetic disorder of hepatic copper metabolism. We hypothesized that mitochondria are a major target of copper-induced cytotoxicity in Wilson disease. We used the human hepatoma line Hep G2 to examine copper-mediated cytotoxicity and three different methods to assess organelle damage: MTT assay (mitochondria), neutral red (NR; lysosomes) and Trypan blue exclusion assay (TB; plasma membrane). For all assays, cells at approximately 60% confluence in microtitre plates were incubated with CuCl(2) (concentration range: 50-100-150-200 microM) for 24 or 48 h. Results were expressed as percent of untreated control. At 24 h, cytotoxicity as detected by NR assay was significantly higher at all concentrations of copper than for MTT or TB ( p<0.005 at all concentrations). Cytotoxicity as detected by MTT was higher than that detected by TB at all concentrations except at 200 microM (p<0.05 for 50 microM, p<0.005 for 100 microM, p = 0.001 for 150 microM). Results at 48 h were similar (NR versus others: p <0.001 MTT versus TB: NS except at 150 microM where p<0.01). We investigated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in copper-associated hepatocytoxicity by incubating sub-confluent cells with 2('),7(')-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate dye plus copper (concentration range: 0-200 microM) for 1-1.5 h. Copper, but not zinc, produced significant increases in ROS (p<0.001). In summary, Hep G2 lysosomes appeared more susceptible to Cu-mediated damage than mitochondria; the cell membrane was highly resistant to damage.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
High dose antipsychotic use in schizophrenia: findings of the REAP (research on east Asia psychotropic prescriptions) study.
BACKGROUND: High-dose antipsychotic regimes (defined as the prescription of more than 1000 chlorpromazine-equivalents milligrams of antipsychotic per day) in the management of patients with schizophrenia are not uncommon, but most reports are from western countries. Recent functional neuroimaging studies have found that the previous notion concerning the use of antipsychotic medication, especially in high doses, was unsupported and untenable. METHODS: This international study examined the use of high dose antipsychotic medication and its clinical correlates in schizophrenia patients within six East Asian countries/territories. RESULTS: Within the study group (n = 2399), 430 patients (17.9%) were prescribed high dose antipsychotics. Antipsychotic use varied significantly between countries, with Japan, Korea, and Singapore using higher doses than the other countries. High dose antipsychotic use was associated with younger age in Japan (p < 0.001), longer duration of admission (p < 0.001), duration of illness (p < 0.001, particularly in Korea and Taiwan), positive psychotic symptoms (p < 0.001, particularly in Japan and Korea), and aggression (p < 0.05, particularly in Japan), and also with a higher likelihood of extrapyramidal and autonomic adverse effects (p < 0.05, particularly in China). Country, younger age, the presence of delusions and disorganized speech, polypharmacy, and receiving depot medication but not atypical antipsychotic drugs were important predictors of high antipsychotic use. CONCLUSIONS: This survey revealed that high antipsychotic dosing is not an uncommon practice in East Asia. It behooves the prescribing clinicians to constantly reevaluate the rationale for such a practice.
Adult↗
Homology modeling of lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase of Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus and insights into the enzyme-substrate Interactions.
The crystal structure of 14alpha-sterol demethylase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT_14DM) provides a good template for modeling the three dimensional structure of lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase, which is the target of azole antifungal agents. Homologous 3D models of lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase from Candida albicans (CA_14DM) and Aspergillus fumigatus (AF_14DM) were built on the basis of the crystal coordinates of MT_14DM in complex with 4-phenylimidazole and fluconazole. The reliability of the two models was assessed by Ramachandran plots, Profile-3D analysis, and by analyzing the consistency of the two models with the experimental data on the P450(14DM). The overall structures of the resulting CA_14DM model and AF_14DM model are similar to those of the template structures. The two models remain the core structure characteristic for cytochrome P450s and most of the insertions and deletions expose the molecular surface. The structurally and functionally important residues such as the heme binding residues, the residues lining the substrate access channel, and residues in active site were identified from the model. To explore the binding mode of the substrate with the two models, 24(28)-methylene-24,25-dihydrolanosterol was docked into the active site of the two models and hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen-bonding were found to play an important role in substrate recognition and orientation. These results provided a basis for experiments to probe structure-function relationships in the P450(14DM). Although CA_14DM and AF_14DM shared similar core structural character, the active site of the two models were quite different, thus allowing the rational design of specific inhibitors to the target enzyme and the discovery of novel antifungal agents with broad spectrum.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Renal transcription of high-affinity type-2 cationic amino acid transporter is up-regulated in LPS-stimulated rodents.
OBJECTIVE: Sepsis stimulates renal nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis through up-regulation of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression. Type-2 cationic amino acid transporter (CAT-2) mediation of trans-membrane L-arginine (L-Arg) transportation has been identified as one of the crucial regulatory mechanisms involved in the formation of NO by iNOS. We had previously shown that CAT-2B, a high-affinity alternative-spliced transcript of the CAT-2, is involved in induced NO biosynthesis by iNOS (Nitric Oxide, 2002). In this present study, we sought to assess the effects of sepsis on the expression of CAT-2B in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated rat kidney. METHODS: Forty rats were randomized to either a normal saline (N/S)-treated group or a LPS-treated group. Renal NO production was determined using chemiluminescence. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine the mRNA concentrations of iNOS and L-Arg transporters (CAT-1, CAT-2 and CAT-2B) in kidney. RESULTS: Lipopolysaccharide-coinduced iNOS, CAT-2 and CAT-2B mRNA expression in kidney and caused renal NO overproduction. A significant linear regression relationship was defined between renal NO concentrations and iNOS, CAT-2 and CAT-2B, respectively. On the contrary, CAT-1 expression was not affected by LPS-stimulation. CONCLUSIONS: We provide the first evidence to illustrate that sepsis/septic shock induces the transcription of high-affinity CAT-2B in renal tissues. Transcription of iNOS, CAT-2 and CAT-2B correlates well with renal NO biosynthesis. Regulation of L-Arg uptake by modulating the expression regulation of induced CAT-2 and CAT-2B might be a potential target for therapies against renal pathologic conditions related to NO overproduction.
Animals↗
Refined localization of dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria gene to a 9.4-cM region at 1q21-22 and a literature review of 136 cases reported in China.
BACKGROUND: Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH) is an autosomal dominant pigmentary genodermatosis characterized by hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules on the extremities, which has recently been mapped to an 11.6-cM interval on chromosome 1q11-21. So far, most cases of DSH have been reported in Japan and dermatologists around the world might think this disorder mainly occurs in Japan. In fact, there are 17 DSH families including 136 cases reported in China since 1980, but most of them are described in Chinese. OBJECTIVES: To refine the previously mapped region that facilitates the identification of the DSH gene and to delineate the clinical and genetic features of Chinese DSH cases by a literature review of 136 cases reported in China. METHODS: We performed genotyping and linkage analysis using polymorphic microsatellite markers at 1q11-22 in two Chinese DSH families, and reviewed all of the DSH cases reported in China since 1980. RESULTS: A cumulative maximum two-point lod score of 3.68 was produced with marker D1S506 at a recombination frequency of theta = 0.00 in these two families. Haplotype analysis refined the DSH locus to a 9.4-cM interval flanked by D1S2343 and D1S2635. The genetic and clinical features of Chinese cases with DSH were summarized. In some Chinese cases, hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules were scattered on the neck and chest, but among Japanese patients there were no similar skin lesions to be reported on these sites. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms linkage of DSH to a previously mapped region and refines the DSH gene to a 9.4-cM interval at 1q21-22. Likewise, the literature review indicates that DSH is not an uncommon disorder in China and the differences in the distribution of skin lesions could be related to race and environment.
Adult↗
Refinement of a locus for Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis to a 1.1-cM interval at 8p21.3.
BACKGROUND: Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis (MUHH) is a rare autosomal congenital alopecia with progressive hair loss starting in early childhood and accelerating at puberty. A locus for MUHH has been mapped on chromosome 8p21 but no genes for MUHH have been identified to date. OBJECTIVES: To refine the MUHH locus to a narrow chromosome region to facilitate cloning of the gene. METHODS: We performed genotyping and linkage analysis in a multigeneration Chinese family with MUHH, using 18 high-density microsatellite markers spanning the previously mapped interval at 8p21. RESULTS: Significant evidence for linkage was observed in this region, with a maximum two-point LOD score of 3.01 (theta = 0). Haplotype analysis localized the MUHH locus within the region defined by D8S282 and D8S1839. This region overlaps by 1.1-cM with the previously reported MUHH region and represents a physical distance of about 380 kb. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a refined map location (1.1 cM) for isolation of the gene causing MUHH. These data also indicate the existence of a common MUHH locus at 8p21.3 between affected caucasian and Chinese families.
Aged↗
The genetic epidemiology of alopecia areata in China.
BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata (AA) is hypothesized to be an organ-specific autoimmune disease with genetic predisposition and an environmental trigger. There are few clinical data in Asians. OBJECTIVES: To describe the genetic epidemiological features of AA patients in China and to determine the possible genetic model for AA. METHODS: Data for 1032 patients with AA were obtained by questionnaire in the Institute of Dermatology of Anhui Medical University in China from 2001 to 2003. Complex segregation analysis and heritability analysis were performed using Falconer's method, EPI INFO 6.0 and SAGE-REGTL programs. RESULTS: In total, 1032 AA patients (male/female ratio 1.1 : 1) were enrolled, representing 0.94% of the total number of cases seen in our outpatient clinic during that time. The mean +/- SD age of onset was 28.98 +/- 13.43 years. The difference between the mean age of onset in males and females was not significant. Most patients (82.6%) experienced their first episode of AA within the first four decades of life. A positive family history of AA was obtained in 87 patients (8.4%). The prevalence of AA in first-, second- and third-degree relatives of the proband with AA was 1.6%, 0.19% and 0.03%, respectively. These figures were higher than those in controls. A greater severity and longer duration of AA were seen in the early onset group than in the late-onset group. The early onset group also had more affected first- and second-degree relatives. The heritability of AA in first-, second- and third-degree relatives was 47.16%, 42.53% and 22.29%, respectively. Based on the REGTL results, the best model was a polygenic additive model for AA. CONCLUSIONS: The effect of genetic factors is strong in AA, but environmental factors such as infection and psychological stress may still play an important role. Our findings on the genetics of AA are consistent with a polygenic additive mode of inheritance.
Adolescent↗
Haplotype associations of the MHC with psoriasis vulgaris in Chinese Hans.
Summary Haplotype associations of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) with psoriasis vulgaris (PV) have been demonstrated in different racial or ethnic populations. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the different haplotype associations of the MHC in Chinese patients with psoriasis according to the type of onset and their sex. One hundred and thirty-eight patients with PV and 149 normal control subjects without psoriasis were typed for HLA-A, -B, -C, -DQA1, -DQB1 and -DRB1 by using the PCR with sequence-specific primers. The results showed: (i) HLA-A*26 (26.1% vs. 12.1%, Pc < 1 x 10(-5)), -B*27 (17.03% vs. 1.01%, Pc < 1 x 10(-7)), -Cw*0602 (15.58% vs. 5.03%, Pc < 1 x 10(-2)), -DQA1*0104 (19.93% vs. 9.40%, Pc < 1 x 10(-3)), -DQA1*0201 (22.40% vs. 10.74%, Pc < 1 x 10(-3)), -DQB1*0303 (18.12% vs. 9.73%, Pc < 1 x 10(-7)), and -DRB1*0701/02 (26.09% vs. 9.73%, Pc < 1 x 10(-7)) were significantly increased in PV patients, while HLA-B*57, -DQB1*0201 were slightly increased in PV patients. HLA-Cw*0304 (5.07% vs. 14.43%, Pc < 1 x 10(-3)), -DQA1*0501 (5.79% vs. 14.09%, Pc < 0.05) were found to be negatively associated with PV, but HLA-A*2 (2.54% vs. 6.38%, Pc < 0.5) was decreased in PV patients without statistical significance. (ii) HLA-A*26-B*27 [P < 0.0001, odds ratio (OR) = 48.38], -A*26-Cw*0602 (P < 0.0001, OR = 11.84), -B*27-Cw*0602 (P < 0.0001, OR = undefined), -DRB1*0701/02-B*27 (P < 0.0001, OR = 22.62), -DRB1*0701/02-DQA1*0104 (P < 0.0002, OR = 3.59), -DRB1*0701/02-DQB1*0303 (P < 0.0001, OR = 5.63), -DQA1*0201-DQB1*0303 (P < 0.0002, OR = 7.77), -A*26-B*27-Cw*0602 (P < 0.0004, OR = undefined), -A*26-DRB1*0701/02-DQA1*0201-DQB1*0303 (P < 0.01, OR = undefined) were identified as risk haplotypes for patients with PV in China. (iii) HLA-A*26 -B*27 (P < 0.0001, OR = 58.47), -DQA1*0201-DQB1*0303 (P < 0.0001, OR = 8.62), -DRB1*0701/02 -DQA1*0104 (P < 0.0002, OR = 4.13), -DRB1*0701/02-DQB1*0303 (P < 0.0001, OR = 6.68) and -A*26-DRB1*0701-DQA1*0201 -DQB1*0303 (P < 0.006, OR = undefined) were only significantly associated with type I psoriasis compared with controls, while others showed no differences in either type I or type II psoriasis. (iv) These associated haplotypes with PV were not different by sex, except that the frequency of DRB1*0701/02-DQB1*0303 (P < 0.0001, OR = 10.14) was higher in male patients with psoriasis. To summarize, this study demonstrated a differential association of HLA and identified some special risk haplotypes in Chinese patients with PV compared with other ethnic or racial populations.
Adolescent↗