Treatment of severe aplastic anemia using high-dose cyclophosphamide alone in China.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
S Yin
Publications and source records attributed to S Yin.
[Application of polyester fiber heart patches to secondary intraorbital implantation of hydroxyapatite spheres].
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of intraorbital implantation of hydroxyapatite spheres wrapped with polyester fiber heart patches. METHOD: According to the rectus contraction points four rectus were found and the rectus valves were created in anophthalmos. Then the hydroxyapatite sphere wrapped by the polyester fiber heart patch was inserted in the orbit. RESULT: There were 13 cases in this group. Of them 11 patients showed very good operative results, Local poor healing of bulbar conjunctiva and fascia occurred in 2 patients. The wound in one patient healed very well after a simple repairing operation and in the other the wound healed spontaneously without any special treatments. CONCLUSION: The effect of secondary intraorbital implantation of hydroxyapatite spheres wrapped by polyester fiber heart patches is positive. The polyester fiber heart patch is safe, reliable, cheap, very convenient in use and easy to obtain. It is a better substitute for sclera which is used to wrap the HA sphere.
Adult↗
[Effect of green and yellow vegetables on serum carotenoid in children].
OBJECTIVE: To assay the effect of green and yellow vegetables on serum carotenoid concentration and its relation to serum retinol level in children. METHODS: A ten-week green and yellow vegetable intervention study was conducted in children aged 5.3 to 6.4 years of two classes in a kindergarten in Tai'an City of Shandong Province in early September 1996, one class of light-colored vegetable supplemented with daily 193 grams of light colored vegetables, such as cabbage, Chinese cabbage, potato, cucumber, cauliflower and turnip, and 56 grams of yellow-green vegetables, such as spinach, Chinese chive, carrots and red yams; and the other one of yellow-green vegetables with daily 238 grams of yellow-green vegetables and 34 grams of light colored vegetables, both without change in regular diet. Venous blood specimens were collected before and after the experiment from each of the subjects. Serum retinol and carotenoid were determined with high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Serum level of carotenoid, including all-trans-beta-carotene, cis-beta-carotene, cryptoxanthin and lutein were significantly higher after intervention in yellow-green vegetable group, as compared to their baseline levels. However, in the light-colored vegetable group, all those components, including all-trans-beta-carotene, 13-cis-beta-carotene and lutein, decreased significantly after intervention, as compared with those at their baseline levels. Serum carotene level correlated significantly with that of retinol, and their coefficient of correlation was greater in the winter than in the autumn. CONCLUSION: Carotenoid nutrition status can be improved by supplementation of green and yellow vegetables.
Carotenoids↗
[Influence of pravastatin on expression of platelet CD(62P) and CD(41) in patients with hypercholesterolemia in vitro and in vivo].
OBJECTIVE: To study in vitro and in vivo effect of hypercholesterolemia (HC) on expression of platelet CD(62P) and CD(41) and their changes after treatment with pravastatin. METHODS: Twenty patients with HC were given 10 - 20 mg/d pravastatin orally for 4 - 8 weeks. Changes of blood cholesterol and expression of platelet CD(62P) and CD(41) were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: After 4 and 8 weeks' treatment, blood cholesterol level and platelet aggregation function decreased. The expression of CD(62P) average fluorescence intensity decreased from 31.8 +/- 7.8 to 27.2 +/- 6.9 and 26.8 +/- 4.9; CD(62P) (%) from (31.3 +/- 9.3)% to (26.4 +/- 7.4)% and (25.3 +/- 9.1)% (P < 0.05); CD(41) from 483.2 +/- 263.9 to 348.1 +/- 192.4 and 306.8 +/- 128.0 (P < 0.05), respectively. Similar results were obtained in vitro study. CONCLUSION: Improvement of platelet function and expressions of CD(62P) and CD(41) in HC patients after prevastatin treatment may be resulted from enhancing arteriosclerosis regression. It suggested from the in vitro result that pravastatin might play a direct effect on platelet function.
Adult↗
[Effects of the expression of mouse metallothionein-I gene in human HeLa cell line on drug resistance].
Metallothionein-I (MT-I) gene was inserted into EcoRI site by using pSV2-neo plasmid vector. Recombiant plasmid was transfected into HeLa cells by DNA-calcium phosphate precipitation technique. MT-I expression colones were growing in medium including G418. The amount of MT-I expression in transfected cells was found 2.6 times higher than that of non-transfected ones. In order to observe the relationship between the expression of MT-I gene in cells and drug resistance, cells were treated with different concentrations of cisplatin and adriamycin respectively. The results indicated that cisplatin (0.1 mumol/ml) inhibited the growth of both transfected and non-transfected cells. The inhibitory rates were 34% and 82% respectively(P < 0.05). IC50(50% inhibitory concentration for cell growing) was 0.144 mumol/ml and 0.061 mumol/ml and the ratio of them was 2.36: 1 after the treatment of cisplatin 72 h later. The cells were treated with adriamycin 72 h later, the inhibitory rates of transfected and non-transfected cells were 18% and 25% separately. The rates showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). The results indicated that MT was related to drug resistance of tumor cells.
Animals↗
[Establishment of the animal model of triple semicircular canal occlusion].
OBJECTIVE: To establish the animal model of triple semicircular canal occlusion(TCO) in guinea pigs. METHODS: TCO was performed on 20 guinea pigs. Electronystagmography, auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions(DPOAE) were recorded pre- and post-operatively. The non-operated ear was used as control. RESULTS: There was spontaneous nystagmus towards non-operated side on the 1st postoperative day and no nystagmus to stimuli of sinusoidal angular acceleration in operated side. On the 30th postoperative day, left and right nystagmus returned symmetrical. Pre-operation, ice-water stimulation induced normal symmetric nystagmus in both sides. On the 30th postoperative day, ice-water stimulation only induced normal nystagmus in non-operated ear and failed in operated one. ABR thresholds increased approximately 10 dB post-operation. There were no significant changes of the amplitudes of DPOAE before and after surgery. Histologic examination revealed complete occlusion in the three semicircular canals with newly formed bone and connective tissue. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the animal model of TCO was successfully established. These findings suggests that TCO might be a safe and simple procedure for the treatment of intractable peripheral vertigo.
Animals↗
[Evaluation on the nutritional status of carotenoid in healthy elder people].
The possible relations between carotenoid status and their health indicators were investigated in an elderly group aged 60-75 years. Fasting serum samples were taken from 41 healthy subjects (20 men and 21 women). The concentrations of carotenoids and vitamin A of serum samples were assayed by HPLC. The results showed that vitamin A level of seven subjects was lower than 0.3 mg/L. Lutein and Zeaxanthin were the predominant carotenoids in serum. The concentration of total carotenoids had inverse correlations with blood glucose, serum cholesterol and triglyceride, and blood pressure. Carotenoids were inversely and significantly correlated with diastolic pressure and body mass index.
Aged↗
[Study on the risk factors influencing the epidemicity of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis].
Based on a 8-year surveillance data, a factor analysis theory was used to analyze the 12 risk factors influencing the epidemicity of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis. The results showed that the first sixth risk factors were the rate of carrying meningococci A and B in the population, relative air humidity in January, morbidity rate in January, vaccination rate before epidemic, and the titre of antibody. Although the incidences of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis are scattered, the risk factors influencing the epidemicity did not disappear. It is important to use meningococci A vaccine continuously and widely to strengthen the surveillance among migrated population and population at high risk.
Carrier State↗
[Application of molecular epidemiology in the study of occupational chemical carcinogenesis].
This paper described the concept of moleculalr epidemiology, it's differences from traditional epidemiology and what the author learned from conducting molecular epidemiology recently. 1. Molecular epidemiology is the borderline subject in combination of molecular biology with epidemiology. 2. The level of chemical carcinogen formed in vivo and the amount of combination of chemical carcinogen either in the level from vivo or in biologic effective dose of combination of chemical carcinogen with macromolecular are all related to cancer development. 3. The syndrome of chromosome aberration is an early biologic effect in cancer process and oncogen activation or suppressing gene inactivation might be necessary for malignant transformation from initiated cell. 4. Individual susceptibility could be affected by host and acquired factors. 5. Biologic bank could provide continuous observation and comparision between before and after cancer formation.
China↗
The prolonged hematologic effects of a single injection of PEG-rHuMGDF in normal and thrombocytopenic mice.
A single injection of > or =10 microg/kg PEG-rHuMGDF in mice causes a dose-dependent increase in circulating platelets beginning on day 3 and peaking on days 5-6. The mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width at doses > or =100 microg/kg initially increase in a dose-dependent fashion and later decrease. However, the mean platelet volume does not change when platelets are incubated with PEG-rHuMGDF in vitro. The number of marrow megakaryocytes increases in a dose-dependent fashion as early as day 1 and peaks on day 3. Marrow megakaryocyte colony-forming units (CFU-Meg) do not increase on days 1-3 at a dose of 100 microg/kg (a dose that increases platelet numbers two- to threefold and may be clinically relevant), but the relative frequency of high ploidy megakaryocytes and the proportion of large marrow megakaryocytes (29-50 microm in diameter) increases. After a dose of 1,000 microg/kg the percentage of megakaryocytes in mitosis peaks at 24-48 hours and the percentage of megakaryocytes incorporating BrdU is maximal at 48 hours, the relatively delayed peak of BrdU incorporation most likely representing endomitosis. The relative frequency of type II and III megakaryocytes peaks on days 3 and 4, respectively. Pharmacokinetic analysis of PEG-rHuMGDF shows peak serum concentrations at 2-4 hours and a terminal half-life of 11.4+/-2.5 hours. A single injection of PEG-rHuMGDF ameliorates carboplatin-induced megakaryocytopenia and thrombocytopenia in a dose-response dependent fashion. In conclusion, a single injection of PEG-rHuMGDF increases megakaryocyte and platelet production in normal and myelo-suppressed mice.
Acetylcholinesterase↗
Critical evaluation of deafness.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical aspects of profound hearing loss (PHL) and their significance for defining deafness. METHODS: The audiological data were reviewed from 3660 patients who were evaluated in the Otolaryngology Clinic at Louisiana State University in Shreveport, LA, over a 5-year period. The medical charts from the patients were also reviewed for the information of medical diagnosis, surgical records and radiological findings. RESULTS: There were 34 patients identified with bilateral PHL or deaf, 177 patients with unilateral PHL and 123 patients with borderline PHL. Congenital hearing loss and unknown-cause hearing loss in this series were predominant with 267 cases (79.9%). A surgical management was indicated in 39 cases (11.7%) including middle ear infection, ossicular chain abnormalities and auditory nerve/brainstem tumors. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that audiometrically PHL should be thoroughly evaluated to detect reversible or remediable conditions by surgical and medical approaches. The diagnosis of deafness should be confirmed by an integration of the audiological data and medical documents including surgical and radiological findings. Aural rehabilitation program should be designed for deaf patients with varied etiology and degree of residual peripheral hearing sensitivity following medical clearance.
Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
Apoptosis induced by the nuclear death domain protein p84N5 is inhibited by association with Rb protein.
Rb protein inhibits both cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Interaction of specific cellular proteins, including E2F1, with Rb C-terminal domains mediates cell cycle regulation. In contrast, the nuclear N5 protein associates with an Rb N-terminal domain with unknown function. The N5 protein contains a region of sequence similarity to the death domain of proteins involved in apoptotic signaling. We demonstrate here that forced N5 expression potently induces apoptosis in several tumor cell lines. Mutation of conserved residues within the death domain homology compromise N5-induced apoptosis, suggesting that it is required for normal function. Endogenous N5 protein is specifically altered in apoptotic cells treated with ionizing radiation. Furthermore, dominant interfering death domain mutants compromise cellular responses to ionizing radiation. Finally, physical association with Rb protein inhibits N5-induced apoptosis. We propose that N5 protein plays a role in the regulation of apoptosis and that Rb directly coordinates cell proliferation and apoptosis by binding specific proteins involved in each process through distinct protein binding domains.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Green and yellow vegetables can maintain body stores of vitamin A in Chinese children.
BACKGROUND: Vitamin A activity of plant provitamin A carotenoids is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine whether plant carotenoids can sustain or improve vitamin A nutrition during the fall season in kindergarten children in the Shandong province of China. DESIGN: The serum vitamin A concentration of 39% of the children was <1.05 micromol/L and of 61% of the children was > or = 1.05 micromol/L. For 5 d/wk for 10 wk, 22 children were provided approximately 238 g green-yellow vegetables/d and 34 g light-colored vegetables/d. Nineteen children maintained their customary dietary intake, which included 56 g green-yellow vegetables/d and 224 g light-colored vegetables/d. Octadeuterated and tetradeuterated vitamin A were given before and after the interventions, respectively, and their enrichments in the plasma were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Serum retinol and carotenoid concentrations were measured by HPLC. RESULTS: Carotenoid nutrition improved after consumption of green-yellow vegetables. Serum concentrations of retinol were sustained in the group fed green-yellow vegetables but decreased in the group fed light-colored vegetables (P < 0.01). The isotope-dilution tests confirmed that total-body vitamin A stores were sustained in the group fed green-yellow vegetables, but decreased 27 micromol (7700 microg retinol) per child, on average, in the group fed light-colored vegetables (P < 0.06). CONCLUSION: Green-yellow vegetables can provide adequate vitamin A nutrition in the diet of kindergarten children and protect them from becoming vitamin A deficient during seasons when the provitamin A food source is limited.
Analysis of Variance↗
Botulinum toxin: adjunctive treatment for posterior glottic synechiae.
INTRODUCTION: Synechiae formation of the posterior glottis can result in tracheostomy dependence secondary to airway obstruction. Stenosis is caused by total or partial fixation of the vocal folds in adduction resulting from scar contracture. The treatment poses a management dilemma because of recurrent scar formation, made worse by mobility of the vocal folds. Although various treatment options from conservative endoscopic repair to open procedures have been proposed, the results are not satisfactory and patients often require multiple procedures. METHODS: We present the trial of a conservative approach that includes microscopic CO2 laser resection of the scar with concomitant botulinum toxin injection of the interarytenoid and thyroarytenoid muscles of the more mobile cord. This results in a temporary paresis of the adductor muscles and hence prevents overadduction in the posterior commissure during the postoperative healing period. STUDY DESIGN: We present the surgical technique and results in three patients who underwent the procedure. RESULTS: Treatment in all three patients was successful. CONCLUSIONS: The appropriate use of botulinum toxin may help improve the treatment outcome of posterior synechiae of the larynx without sacrificing any laryngeal components.
Aged↗
Benzene increases aneuploidy in the lymphocytes of exposed workers: a comparison of data obtained by fluorescence in situ hybridization in interphase and metaphase cells.
Benzene is an established human leukemogen that increases the level of chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of exposed workers. Numerical aberrations (aneusomy) can be observed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in both interphase and metaphase cells. Whereas interphase FISH allows nondividing cells to be analyzed, one advantage of metaphase FISH is that it can also detect structural changes. The present study compares the abilities of metaphase and interphase FISH to detect aneusomy of chromosomes 7 and 8 in healthy benzene-exposed human subjects. Metaphase and interphase cells from the peripheral blood of 43 workers exposed to benzene (median = 31 ppm, 8-hr TWA) and 44 frequency-matched controls were analyzed by FISH. Normal diploid cells contained two hybridization signals, whereas those that were potentially monosomic contained one, trisomic 3 and tetrasomic 4. The frequency of cells with one hybridization signal for chromosome 7 in metaphase spreads rose from 2.72 +/- 0.19 (%, mean +/- SE) in controls to 3.79 +/- 0.63 in workers exposed to 31 or fewer ppm benzene and 5.9 +/- 0.85 in those exposed to more than 31 ppm (P(trend) < 0.0001). No similar dose-dependent increase in the frequency of cells with one hybridization signal was observed by interphase FISH, probably because of probe overlap artifact. Although significant dose-dependent increases in the frequency of cells with three hybridization signals for chromosome 7 were detected by both methods in the higher-exposed group, a larger, more significant difference was detected by metaphase FISH between controls and workers exposed to 31 or fewer ppm. Similar data were obtained for chromosome 8. Interphase and metaphase FISH were moderately correlated for three hybridization signals but not for one hybridization signal in chromosome 7 or 8. In general, metaphase FISH was more sensitive in detecting both monosomy and trisomy in the lymphocytes of exposed workers.
Adult↗
[Vegetables rich in carotenoids on the vitamin A status of children].
Vitamin A (VA) deficiency is still an important nutritional problem in our country. In order to determine whether plant carotenoids ingestion can improve VA nutrition, a study by using yellow and dark green vegetables was conducted in two classes of a kindergarten for ten weeks in September through December in 1996. The VA nutritional status was marginal to adequate among 41 children (5.3-6.6 year-old), and serum retinols in 39% of these children were below 0.30 mg/L. Each child in class A was provided with about 238 g/d of green and yellow vegetables (spinach, Chinese chive, carrots, and red yams) and 34 g/d of light colored vegetables (cabbage, Chinese cabbage, potato, cucumber, turnip and winter melon). Each child in class B consumed the usual diet with only 56 g/d of green and yellow vegetables and 193 g/d of light colored vegetables. Serum retinol concentration collected before and after the intervention were used to assess VA nutritional status. The results showed that vitamin A nutrition was improved by increasing the intake of green and yellow vegetables. Serum retinol was sustained in the group fed green and yellow vegetables and decreased in the group fed light colored vegetables. Thus, dietary green and yellow vegetables could provide adequate VA nutrition in these children.
Carotenoids↗
[Long-term results of surgical treatment of intractable Menière's disease for control of vertigo].
OBJECTIVE: To acquire the long-term (an average of over 10 years follow-up) results of surgical treatment of patients with Meniere's disease for control of vertigo. METHOD: Endolymphatic sac surgery was done in 6 cases (1 case of endolymphatic sac decompression and 5 cases of sac-mastoid shunting) and translabyrinth vestibular neurotomy was operated on 6 cases. RESULT: Complete relief from symptoms of vertigo occurred in the 6 cases through vestibular neurotomy and there were no recurrence in 11-13 years follow-up. Three of 6 cases with endolymphatic sac surgery had complete control of vertigo and were cured clinically. Symptoms of vertigo of the rest 3 cases were effectively controlled. CONCLUSION: Endolymphatic sac surgery and translabyrinth vestibular neurotomy are effective way for control of vertigo of patients with intractable Meniere's disease. Translabyrinth vestibular neurotomy are more effective for control of vertigo for appropriately selected patients.
Adult↗
[Transantral orbit decompression to malignant ophthalmopathy].
OBJECTIVE: To recognize the indication and the value of transantral orbit decompression to malignant ophthalmopathy. METHOD: 9 eyes of 5 cases undergone transantral orbital decompression from November 1986 to October 1998 were reviewed. RESULT: After 3 months-2 years of follow-up. We found this approach successfully improved visual function of all 5 cases. Average proptosis reduction was 5 mm. The eye lids could be closed in 4 of the 5 cases and the palpebral fissures was decreased 1-2 mm in 1 of the 5 cases. Preoperative exposure keratitis resolved in both of the 2 cases. Diplopia was cured in both of the 2 cases. Secondary glucorna also recovered in both the 2 cases. Disturbance of ocular motility in both of the 2 cases improved postoperatively and preoperative visual acurity worsen also improved in both of the 2 cases. CONCLUSION: It has been suggested that the transantral decompression of the orbit provided a safe, effective therapeutic modality for patients with vision-threatening or major cosmetic problem.
Adult↗