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Biomedical subjects

S Z Fradkin

Publications and source records attributed to S Z Fradkin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[General hyperthermia in the chemoradiotherapy of small-cell lung cancer].

Treatment results were compared in 2 groups of patients with advanced small-cell lung cancer. Group 1 (52 cases) received chemoradiation treatment alone whereas in group 2 (41 patients) it was combined with general hyperthermia (temperature 40-41.8 degrees C during 3-4 hours). Response was observed in 63.5% of patients of group 1 and 79.5% of those in group 2. Complete response rates did not differ significantly (23.1 and 28.2%, respectively). 40.6 +/- 8.2% of patients receiving chemoradiation treatment plus general hyperthermia survived over 1 year, 20.5 +/- 7.1%--over 1.5 years and 15.9 +/- 6.7%--over 2 years. In the control group, the respective rates were 22.2 +/- 5.8%, 5.1 +/- 3.4% and 5.1 +/- 3.4%.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of whole-body controlled hyperthermia on the energy resources of cancer patients].

The results of examination of 120 patients with advanced malignant melanoma, soft tissue sarcomas and lung and renal cancer suggest disturbance in mechanisms of energy supply during whole-body guided hyperthermia. Cell glucose uptake was inhibited in hyperglycemic patients. High energy loss in due to utilization of such alternative substrates as lipids and proteins which, in turn, potentiates peroxidation of lipids toxic to cell membranes. These data provide biochemical rationale for developing procedures aimed at managing biochemical dysbalance, increase in carbohydrate utilization included.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1991

[Complex treatment of locally advanced soft tissue sarcoma of the limbs].

The experience of treatment of 40 patients with locally-advanced soft tissue sarcoma of the limbs. Treatment included preoperative chemoradiotherapy in combination with electromagnetic hyperthermia. As a result, 38 (95%) patients showed marked response which allowed radical limb-saving surgery whereas in 2 (5%) amputation was performed. Adjuvant chemotherapy was used for anaplastic tumors. Five-year survival rate was 64.7 +/- 6.7%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Radionuclide studies on the hormonal manifestations of heat stress in cancer patients under controlled total hyperthermia].

The results of the investigations of ACTH, HGH, hydrocortisone, glucagon, C-peptide, insulin in 180 patients with advanced and metastatic melanomas, soft tissue sarcomas, lung cancers and renal cell carcinomas testify to the development of the syndrome of endocrine hyperfunction in patients under whole-body guided hyperthermia as well as of functional pancreas insufficiency. The data presented form a biochemical basis for working out measures to optimally carry out whole-body hyperthermia treatment, aimed at increasing the range of indications for its use in clinical oncology.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1991

[The prevention of the hypercoagulation syndrome during the combined treatment of lung cancer patients using artificial hyperglycemia].

Status of hemostasis system and occurrence of postoperative thromboembolic complications were assessed in 246 lung cancer patients in whom combined treatment included artificial hyperglycemia. The latter condition contributed to higher blood coagulability resulting in lung artery thromboembolism in some cases. Administration of a combination of heparin, curantil and nicotinic acid was followed by a decrease in blood coagulability, increase in anticoagulation function, decrease in platelet aggregability, activation of fibrinolysis and regression of biochemical signs of DIC syndrome thereby assuring a drop in the occurrence of thromboembolic complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Immune status of patients with malignant melanoma during combined therapy including local ultra-high frequency hyperthermia].

Immune status was evaluated in patients with clinical stage I malignant melanoma randomized to receive either preoperative irradiation (27 Gy) alone or in combination with local microwave hyperthermia (before or after it). Mononuclear, total T-lymphocyte, T-helper, T-suppressor, B-lymphocyte and blood-immune complex levels were assayed. The analysis of immunologic parameters dynamics pointed to beneficial changes occurring in immunoregulating T-lymphocytes in patients receiving hyperthermia as a component of combined treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis and treatment of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma].

Eight cases of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (3 males and 5 females aged 15-65) are described. Morphological examination revealed in all cases biphasal tumor consisting of the chondroid tissue of varying maturity and undifferentiated tissue. Combination and complex treatment was given to 6 patients. In 4 cases, radiotherapy was carried out in combination with chemotherapy and local electromagnetic hyperthermia. Out of 8 patients, seven are still alive and are examined at 4 month - 11 year intervals (average of 39.7 months). One female patient died 12 months after the beginning of treatment. Combined and complex procedures should be recommended for treatment of such patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Pathomorphosis of cancer of the breast during thermoradiotherapy].

Local UHF-hyperthermia in combined therapy of breast cancer patients as compared to preoperative radiotherapy used alone, resulted in more noticeable therapeutic changes in a tumor. This fact was established during a study of tumor pathomorphosis in 206 patients with stage II breast cancer. A degree of therapeutic tumor pathomorphosis showed good correlation with the frequency and duration of a recurrence-free period of disease. In III-IV degree of tumor pathomorphosis the use of thermoradiotherapy brought about a higher efficacy of radical therapy of breast cancer patients.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

[Induced hyperglycemia as a factor of modification of sarcoma 45 sensitivity to chemotherapy].

The injection of sarcolysine, methotrexate, thiophosphamide, cyclophosphamide, adryamycin and platidinum during glucose infusion is shown to increase their antitumour activity. The antitumour effectiveness of 5-FU did not increase under conditions of artificial hyperglycemia, while that of vincristine decreased. Intensification of the activity of some chemotherapeutic drugs in combination with hyperglycemia was observed against the background of their increased general toxic effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Possibility of using high-frequency electromagnetic fields for modeling local controlled hyperthermia].

The possibility to use high-frequency electromagnetic fields (13.56 MHz) as a means of controlled local heating of deep and massive tissue areas was shown in 196 experiments on tissue equivalent phantoms and 20 healthy dogs. The advantages of each type of high-frequency emitters were determined. The thermometric evaluation of heat distribution in local high-frequency heating used in complex treatment of 12 patients with sarcomas of the locomotor system confirmed the experimental results.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Results and prospects for the clinical use of hyperthermia in oncology].

Artificial controlled local and total hyperthermia combined with radio- and/or chemotherapy was used for the treatment of 1211 patients with malignant tumors of different sites. A study of the long-term results of 750 patients showed that the incorporation of hyperthermia in the schemes of combined and multimodality therapy resulted in a significant increase in the 5-year survival of the patients with melanoma, soft tissue sarcoma, breast and rectal cancer.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of induced hyperglycemia on the metastasis of RL-67 lung carcinoma].

The effect of multiple artificial hyperglycemia treatments on metastatic spreading and tumour growth depending on the stage of the tumour development is studied in experiments on mice with transplanted subcutaneous lung cancer LC-67. Intensification of the metastatic spreading and of the primary tumour growth under hyperglycemia treatment of early and advanced diseases is detected. Artificial hyperglycemia does not influence the tumour progress at the terminal stage of the disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Combined and complex treatment of patients with II-stage malignant skin melanoma using hyperthermia].

Combined and complex treatment for stage II (T3-4N1M0) malignant melanoma of the skin was carried out 111 cases. In 73 of them, local and/or general hyperthermia was employed as cytostatic and radiotherapy modifier. Local super-high frequency hyperthermia was shown to potentiate the antitumor action of ionizing radiation on melanoma cells. Its effect increased with temperature rising from 42 to 43 degrees C. Application of hyperthermia in the said treatment was followed by a considerable increase in 5-year survival, viz. 49.4%. It was significantly higher than with standard treatment procedures (P less than 0.05).

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1984

[Comparison of the effectiveness of preoperative radiation and thermoradiation therapy in treating breast cancer].

Based on an analysis of the 3- and 5-year results of the combined treatment of 865 patients with breast cancer using 4 variants of radiation exposure in the preoperative period the following aspects are discussed: 1) the conventional variant of gamma-beam therapy at summary doses of 40-45 Gy is not an optimum variant of preoperative irradiation; 2) better results are achieved with the preoperative irradiation of the affected breast and zones of regional metastasis at a single dose of 4 Gy and a summary dose of 20 Gy; 3) a marked tendency towards achieving still better results of treatment and a statistically significant decrease in the frequency of distant metastases detected in the first 2 years after treatment are noted with the use of two other variants of preoperative exposure: an increase in the doses in tumor growth zones up to the level which is equivalent to a carcinocidal dose and a short course of preoperative irradiation (20 Gy) under the conditions of local UHF-hyperthermia.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

["Pathomorphosis" of skin melanomas in the comprehensive treatment using hyperthermia].

The writers examined histologically and histochemically the melanomas removed in 40 patients, subjected to general and local hyperthermia associated with radiation and chemotherapy. In such cases it was found that melanoma tissues exhibit grave destructive changes characterized by the morphological features, which are manifested by microcirculatory disorders in the tumor and metastases and are associated with extensive injuries of the neoplastic tissue.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗
PubMed1978

[Enhancing the effect of radiation therapy of malignant tumors by means of UHF-hyperthermic exposure].

In the experiments (605 animals) and clinically (145 patients with malignant neoplasms) the authors have studied the possibility to use superhigh-frequency electromagnetic hyperthermia (42 degrees), associated with ionizing radiation in the complex treatment of tumors. The superhigh-frequency electromagnetic hyperthermia is really one of the ways to enhance the radiosensitivity of a neoplastic tissue. Ionizing radiation and SHF-hyperthermia used simultaneously provide for the directed and prompt disactivation of tumor cells.

Animals↗