Biomedical subjects

S Zerlin

Publications and source records attributed to S Zerlin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1988

Half-sine stimuli and wave I of the ABR.

The relation between half-sine stimuli and wave I of the ABR was explored in this initial study. Electrical half-sines in both polarities at the nominal frequencies 1,000, 2,000, 4,000 and 8,000 Hz were fed through a TDH-39 phone into KEMAR, an acoustic maniken designed to reproduce the acoustic transformations of a representative pinna, ear canal and eardrum. The same electrical waveforms through the TDH phone (at a peak equivalent level of 90 dB SPL) were then used to elicit ABRs in 4 normal hearing young adult listeners. Comparisons between the acoustic waveforms and ABR wave I showed that (1) the initial condensation peaks were excitatory, and (2) wave I latency differences resulting from half-sines of the same frequency in opposite polarity appeared consistent with the timing differences between the initial condensation peaks of the opposed half-sines.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed1988

Effect of band-limited clicks on ABR waves I and V.

Studies have shown that the I-V latency difference decreases in cases of high-frequency peripheral loss. In order to limit the variability associated with a hearing-loss population, we studied this latency decrease using normal-hearing young adults. Listeners were exposed to band-limited clicks having differing low-pass cutoffs. Responses to the low-pass clicks were intended to duplicate the ABRs that would be evoked by wide-band clicks in ears with high to mid-frequency hearing loss. The clicks were presented in both polarities. The primary finding was that the low-pass rarefaction clicks produced disproportionately large increases in wave I latency as low-pass cutoff frequency was reduced, i.e., as "hearing loss" extended into the mid-frequencies. This finding appears to explain, at least for the conditions of study, the shortening of the I-V interval with peripheral hearing loss.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed1988

Phase-intensity effects on the ABR.

Auditory brain-stem responses (ABR) to condensation and rarefaction clicks were recorded at six intensity levels in 6 normal subjects. A phase-intensity interaction was apparent for both latency and waveform morphology. These results are in agreement with earlier studies that sampled fewer intensities. The importance of determining both phase and intensity in clinical applications of the ABR is demonstrated in this investigation.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed1986

Electrophysiological evidence for the critical band in humans.

The amplitude of wave V of the auditory brainstem response (ABR) has been found to vary in a manner consistent with the psychophysical critical band data. When the frequency separations between members of a tone pair, displaced symmetrically around some center frequency, exceed some critical value, the amplitude of wave V undergoes an abrupt increase. Specifically, tonal pairs straddling 2 and 4 kHz were studied; abrupt increases in wave V amplitude were generally seen when frequency separations were between 600 and 800 Hz for a center frequency of 4 kHz, and between 200-400 Hz for a 2-kHz center frequency. These electrophysiologically derived estimates are in reasonable agreement with psychophysical values found in the literature.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed1980

Click lateralization and the auditory brain stem response.

Auditory brain stem function was evaluated in patients by means of (1) click lateralization thresholds and (2) auditory brain stem responses. In the three cases tested, clear qualitative agreement was seen between the behavioral results and the evoked-response findings.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

The evaluation of peripheral auditory function in infants and children.

The technique of electrocochleography described, although invasive, has proved to be innocuous in our experience. It provides precise information concerning peripheral auditory activity in response to sound stimulation at frequencies across the audible range. The most valuable application of the technique in clinical practice is in testing the hearing of infants and children who are too young to test by standard behavioral audiometric techniques, and in testing the hearing of children with behavioral problems or mental retardation;

Action Potentials↗

PubMed1976

Basis and some diagnostic implications of electrocochleography.

Electrocochleography (ECoG) involves the recording of electrical responses to sound from the vicinity of the cochlea. The technique, as we practice it, utilizes a trans-tympanic recording needle situated on the promontory of the middle ear. Filtered clicks in the frequency range between 500 and 8,000 Hz are presented to the ear under test at a rate of 10/sec. Repetitive clicks of a given frequency are first presented at high intensity and the responses summed (averaged) in a computer. The click is systematically lowered in intensity, and an average is collected at each level until the normal dynamic range of hearing has been explored. Two major electrical indices are present in the recording: these are 1. the whole-nerve action potential (AP) derived from the first-order auditory neurons, and 2. the cochlear microphonic (CM) derived from the hair cells. Inspection of the whole nerve AP as intensity is lowered allows the estimation of the response threshold, which correlates well with behavioral threshold. Inspection of the relation between the CM and the AP allows qualitative differentiation to be made between pathology arising in the hair cell (sensory) and in the nerve (neural).

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed1974