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Biomedical subjects

S Zgliczyński

Publications and source records attributed to S Zgliczyński.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Clinical applications of radioimmunoassay of the alpha-subunit of glycoprotein hormones.

The radioimmunoassay of alpha-subunit adapted in our laboratory was widely evaluated. Three different antisera (anti-pituitary alpha-subunit, anti-alpha-TSH and anti-alpha-hCG), the labelled preparations of pituitary alpha-subunit and alpha-hCG, and cross-reactivity with intact glycoprotein hormones (MRC standards of LH, FSH, hCG and TSH) were tested for their potential influence on the results of the assay. The basal levels of alpha-subunit were measured in 48 healthy young men, 48 normally menstruating women, 33 menopausal women, 37 pregnant women and 70 patients with pituitary adenoma. In addition a possibility of pulsatile secretion of alpha-subunit was investigated in 9 healthy young women, the ranges of alpha-subunit concentrations found were as follow (means +/- SD): 1.2 +/- 0.4 micrograms/l--in young men, 1.1 +/- 0.4 micrograms/l--in young women, 3.2 +/- 0.7 micrograms/l--in postmenopausal women, 1-54 micrograms/l--in pregnant women, and between 2.6 and 44.0 micrograms/l in 14 of 70 patients with pituitary adenoma. There were good correlations of results for 3 different antisera and their cross-reactivity with LH, FSH, hCG and TSH were just as low. In conclusion, the alpha-subunit assay appears clinically useful and should be widely applied in routine endocrinological diagnostics.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

[Alcohol decreases the alpha subunit, LH and testosterone secretion in response to LH-RH].

UNLABELLED: In our previous study we showed that alcohol disturbed the circadian rhythms of LH, testosterone and its conversion to DHT. To determine the effect of LH-RH on pituitary-gonadal function before and after alcohol, 11 male volunteers aged 24-29 years (mean 25.5) were investigated. Blood for hormonal estimations was withdrawn before and 20, 30, 60, and 120 min after LH-RH. In every case, the LH-RH test was performed twice: 6 hours after placebo and, a week later, 6 hours after alcohol administered orally, in dose of 1.0 g/kg bw. The LH, FSH, alpha-subunit and testosterone concentrations were measured with radioimmunological methods. RESULTS: It was shown that alcohol significantly inhibited LH (p < 0.05), alpha-subunit (p < 0.02) and testosterone (p < 0.001) response to LH-RH stimulation, but not that of FSH.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Increased plasma VIP concentration in patients with prolactinoma.

UNLABELLED: Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) is now considered to be a prolactin-releasing factor (PRF). The aim of this study was to determine the VIP concentration in peripheral blood in patients with prolactin-secreting adenoma compared to healthy subjects. We also examined the effect of bromocriptine administration on the plasma VIP concentration in patients with prolactinoma. Nine patients with prolactinoma (6 women and 3 men, aged 27-50) and 7 healthy control subjects (4 women and 3 men, aged 26-40) were examined. Blood samples for prolactin and VIP were collected at 06:00, 12:00, 18:00, 24:00. In prolactinoma blood was taken before and after bromocriptine administration. Serum prolactin concentration was determined by the radioimmunoassay. VIP concentration was measured by a specific radioimmunoassay Kit-INCSTAR Corp. (Minnesota, USA). Statistical significance was calculated using the analysis of variance. A single 5 mg oral dose of bromocriptine decreased the mean prolactin concentration during the first 24 hours of treatment. Plasma VIP concentration was higher in prolactinoma patients compared to healthy subjects. There was no change in plasma VIP level after bromocriptine administration. IN CONCLUSION: in patients with prolactin secreting adenoma the plasma VIP concentration is increased.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

New long-acting bromocriptine (Parlodel MR and Parlodel LAR) in the treatment of pituitary tumours with hyperprolactinemia.

In order to assess the efficacy and tolerability of new long acting bromocriptine: Parlodel MR (oral form) and Parlodel LAR (injectable form suitable for repeatable administration) 40 patients (29 women and 11 men) with pituitary tumours with hyperprolactinemia (PRL 70 micrograms/l) were investigated in a double blind study. Patients were divided into 2 groups of 20. In the first group Parlodel R or Parlodel MR in equivalent doses was given, the other group was administered Parlodel R or Parlodel LAR. During the next 6 months 20 patients were treated with Parlodel MR and the other 20 with Parlodel LAR. In all patients pituitary and peripheral hormones, CT scan and visual fields were examined before and after 28 days of bromocriptine treatment. During the next six months 20 patients were treated with Parlodel MR while the other 20 with Parlodel LAR. Serum PRL fell in all patients and values in the normal range were obtained in 36 patients. In 30 out of 35 patients with signs of pituitary tumour in CT scan, a significant tumour shrinkage was observed. Most patients achieved considerable clinical improvement: disappearance of galactorrhoea, resumed menses in women, increased potency in men. There were no difference in efficacy in Parlodel R, Parlodel MR and Parlodel LAR, but in the case of Parlodel LAR the least number of side effects was found. Treatment with long acting bromocriptine-Parlodel MR and LAR of patients with pituitary tumours with hyperprolactinemia is an efficacious, safe and better tolerated method than Parlodel R treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Mixed pituitary tumours--effects of bromocriptine treatment: Parlodel MR and Parlodel LAR.

Majority of pituitary tumours secrete one of the named hormones: PRL, GH, ACTH, proopiomelanocortine, alpha and beta subunit of TSH, LH, and FSH. Some of those tumours secrete two or more hormones. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of bromocriptine (Parlodel MR and LAR) upon secretion of hormones and tumour size in 10 patients with mixed pituitary tumours. In all patients pituitary and peripheral hormones, CT scan and visual fields were examined before and after treatment with bromocriptine: Parlodel MR and LAR. Bromocriptine treatment decreased PRL secretion in all 10 patients; GH--in all 6 in whom it was increased; TSH--in 2, FSH--in 2 and alpha-subunit in all 6 in whom they were increased. In 5 patients treatment resulted in shrinkage of the tumour mass by 20 to 35%. In all examined subjects clinical improvement was achieved. Our results demonstrate that bromocriptine (Parlodel MR and LAR) is very effective and well tolerated in the treatment of patients with mixed pituitary tumours particularly those with hyperprolactinemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The effect of oral ethanol ingestion on the diurnal neurotensin secretion in man.

Neurotensin is a tridecapeptide, present in the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract in man and animals. The affect of orally administered ethanol (1 g/kg body weight) on the neurotensin secretion over 24 hr period was studied in eight young healthy men. No significant circadian rhythm of neurotensin secretion was detected in the eight subjects studied. Ethanol produced a progressive rise in the plasma level of neurotensin reaching a maximum at 12:00 (13.8 +/- 8.6 pmol/l). At 12:00 and 14:00, the neurotensin concentrations were significantly higher than on the placebo day (p < 0.05). The secretion rate of neurotensin was determined approximately using the area under the curve method. Ethanol produced a transient rise in neurotensin secretion over the first 12 hrs period (08:00-20:00 h) after its administration (p < 0.02). The observation that ethanol increases transiently the neurotensin secretion in man supports the hypothesis that neurotensin may be involved in the biological effect of ethanol. The source of its secretion remains to be elucidated.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Results of 3-stage treatment: (I) corticotherapy, (II) linear acceleration and (III) orbital decompression in 206 patients with malignant Graves ophthalmopathy].

There is no, so far, a rational method of therapy based upon the etiology of autoimmune Graves' ophthalmopathy. As a malignant Graves' ophthalmopathy we defined the most severe eye changes leading to the sight loss or permanent disability of vision which are classified as exceeded class 3c according to the eye changes classification of the American Thyroid Association [27]. The aim of the study was to develop the most efficacious method of therapy for malignant Graves' ophthalmopathy. The material consisted of 206 patients treated according to the 3-stage method: 1-st--corticotherapy, 2-nd--radiotherapy, including linear accelerator, 3-rd--orbital decompression. Moreover, in four patients plasmapheresis was applied and in additional five cyclosporine was administered. In all 206 patients the estimation of the results of the treatment was based on the Donaldson ophthalmopathy index [4]. It has been proved that corticotherapy combined with linear accelerator radiotherapy has been the most efficacious method of treatment. It has also the least number of side effects. Orbital decompression as the 3-rd stage of treatment was employed in those cases in which the previous two stages of medical therapy were unsuccessful.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1992

[Relationship between clinical classification of hyperthyroidism for three grades of severity and level of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) concentrations in serum].

The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the clinical classification of hyperthyroidism based on the 3-degree score system and T3 and T4 serum concentration. 161 patients with Graves disease or toxic goiter were studied. By comparing the number of scores separating the 3 subgroups in relation to the severity of disease with T3 and T4 serum concentration of tyreotoxic patients we found a very high statistically significant correlation. We also found the marked (by +50%) statistically significant increase in the serum T3 concentration related to the degree of hyperthyroidism severity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Lower 24-hour growth hormone levels in type I diabetics responding to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).

The aim of the study was the evaluation of growth hormone secretion under physiologic conditions in two groups of type I diabetics: responding and nonresponding to TRH stimulation. Both groups matched for age and metabolic control of diabetes were studied during 24-hours and after GHRH stimulation. The whole diabetic group (n = 18) showed circadian rhythm of GH secretion with mesor value of 4.03 micrograms/l. TRH-responders had lower mesor GH value than TRH-nonresponders: 3.53 vs. 5.32, p < 0.05. GH response to GHRH was almost identical in both groups. C-peptide level was lower in TRH-responders: 0.16 vs. 0.56 microgram/l, p < 0.05. No correlation was found between growth hormone response and HbA1 and C-peptide levels. It is concluded that type I diabetics responding to TRH stimulation are characterized by lower mean 24-hour GH levels and lower C-peptide values.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) does not suppress growth hormone response to L-dopa in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) blunts growth hormone (GH) response to various stimuli in normal subjects. We were interested if similar inhibitory effect of TRH could be demonstrated in diabetes mellitus where GH is abnormally regulated. In this study we compared the effect of TRH on GH response to L-dopa in normal and diabetic subjects. TRH 0.2 mg iv blunted GH response to L-dopa 0.5 g p.o. in normal subjects with peak GH values 13.1 and 7.3 micrograms/l, p < 0.05. In the diabetics no inhibitory effect of TRH was demonstrated and GH was even paradoxically increased after TRH: 14.9 and 21.9 micrograms/l, p = NS. Lack of inhibitory effect of TRH was more pronounced in patients with proliferative retinopathy. It is concluded that TRH has no inhibitory effect on L-dopa-induced GH response in diabetic subjects. This finding provides further evidence for disturbed GH regulation in diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) with quantitative computed tomography (QCT) in postmenopausal osteoporosis: effect of estrogen.

UNLABELLED: To determine the efficacy of the estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) on the bone mineral density (BMD) measured with quantitative computed tomography (QCT) in postmenopausal osteoporosis 16 women aged 46-72 were examined. They were divided into two groups: 8 women treated with conjugated estrogens (Group I) and 8 who did not received ERT (Group II). In all 16 patients the serum hormonal concentrations (LH, FSH and estradiol) were measured with radioimmunological methods. The bone densitometry was performed in all of them using the single-energy computed tomography (QCT) with the computer Picker 1200. Bone mineral density was measured in three lumbar vertebra (L1-L3) and expressed in milligrams K2HPO4 per ml. The bone mineral density (BMD) was statistically significantly higher in the estrogen treated group (Group I) in every vertebra compared with that of controls (Group II). The serum FSH concentration was statistically significantly lower in the ERT group (Group I) and a statistically significant correlation between FSH level and average BMD (Lmean) was present. IN CONCLUSION: 1. the ERT is very efficacious in preventing bone loss in postmenopausal women; 2. measurement of BMD in lumbar vertebra L1 or L3 may be a sufficiently reliable and accurate, cost-effective and time-saving method of screening for osteoporosis; 3. the serum FSH determination seems to be useful in monitoring of the estrogen therapy for postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Inhibition of growth hormone (GH) response to GHRH in diabetes mellitus type 1 after blockade of the cholinergic system with pirenzepine].

The effect of pirenzepine, a peripheric cholinergic antagonist, on GHRH-induced GH secretion was studied in 10 type I diabetic subjects and 8 healthy controls. GH response was significantly greater in diabetics than in the healthy controls (p < 0.02) with peak values of 59.6 and 15.9 ng/ml, respectively. Pirenzepine 20 mg in given 15 min before GHRH inhibited GH response in both groups. In diabetics GH response calculated as area under curve (AUC) was inhibited from 3666 to 260 ng/ml. min (p < 0.001) and in the controls from 831 to 255 ng/ml. min (p < 0.05). The great efficacy of pirenzepine in inhibiting GH hypersecretion in type I diabetes may find a clinical application in future.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic hormone in acromegaly: relationship to hypertension.

Atrial natriuretic hormone is involved in the control of blood pressure and water-electrolyte balance. In order to assess the relationship between atrial natriuretic hormone and hypertension in acromegaly, 34 subjects were studied, 18 with acromegaly (10 normotensive and 8 hypertensive) and 16 healthy controls. Plasma atrial natriuretic hormone levels, as well as plasma renin activity, aldosterone and growth hormone levels were measured in basal conditions in all subjects. Additionally, plasma renin activity and aldosterone levels were determined after standard stimulation. In hypertensive acromegalic patients, atrial natriuretic hormone plasma concentrations (39.8 +/- 3.5 ng/l) were significantly higher than in patients without hypertension (27.9 +/- 4.1 ng/l), and in controls (28.6 +/- 1.3 ng/l) (p less than 0.01 in both comparisons). Stimulated plasma renin activity values were decreased in hypertensive acromegalic patients when compared with those in normotensive patients (1.14 +/- 0.29 vs 4.03 +/- 0.66 micrograms.l-1.h-1, p less than 0.01). In acromegaly, atrial natriuretic hormone levels correlated with mean arterial pressure (r = 0.58, p = 0.01). These results suggest that atrial natriuretic hormone plasma levels are slightly increased in patients with acromegaly and hypertension.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1990

Enhancement of plasma corticotropin-releasing hormone in pregnancy-induced hypertension.

The role of a high CRH level in normal pregnancy remains unknown. Therefore we evaluated the concentrations of CRH and the related hormones in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension. Fourteen women with pregnancy-induced hypertension, aged 20-39, at 30-39 gestational week, were investigated. The control group consisted of 20 healthy pregnant women matched according to gestational age. Plasma CRH beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity, cortisol, and human placental lactogen were measured by radioimmunoassay, ACTH by an immunoradiometric method. It was found that in hypertensive patients the mean CRH concentration was significantly higher (4257 +/- 840 (SEM) ng/l) than that in healthy pregnant women (1083 +/- 227 ng/l, p less than 0.001). The concentration of ACTH, however, was only slightly higher 65.0 +/- 6.0 vs 50.7 +/- 2.5 ng/l p less than 0.025, whereas the differences in beta-endorphin, cortisol and human placental lactogen were not significant. In both groups there was no correlation between the CRH level and those of the related hormones. In healthy pregnant women the CRH level closely correlated with gestational age (r = 0.76, p less than 0.001), whereas in patients with hypertension no such correlation was present (r = 0.29). We assume that the marked enhancement of plasma CRH in pregnancy-induced hypertension is probably caused by its decreased breakdown in ischemic placental tissue, but its increased synthesis in the placenta and its indirect counterregulatory hypotensive role must also be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Increased activity of digoxin-like substance in low-renin hypertension in acromegaly.

UNLABELLED: Arterial hypertension is common in acromegaly, but the pathogenesis of this complication remains unknown. To determine the role of an endogenous Na,K pump inhibitor/digoxin-like substance (DLS) in the pathogenesis of hypertension in acromegaly 76 subjects: 28 with acromegaly, 20 with essential hypertension and 28 healthy controls were studied. Serum DLS was measured with the use of radioimmunoassay and bioassay by the inhibition of digoxin-sensitive erythrocyte 86-Rb uptake. In acromegaly, the activity of DLS was significantly increased and plasma renin activity decreased in the hypertensive group, as compared with that of the normotensive group and controls. Moreover, DLS was elevated in the low-renin group of essential hypertension, as compared with that of the normal/high-renin group or controls. The activity of DLS correlated positively with mean arterial pressure and negatively with plasma renin activity, but not with growth hormone levels. IN CONCLUSION: an endogenous sodium pump inhibitor/digoxin-like substance may play a role in the pathogenesis of low-renin hypertension in acromegaly.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1990

[Ocular hydrodynamics in patients with infiltrative-edematous exophthalmos in Graves' disease].

Hydrodynamics of the eyes was investigated in 57 patients with exophthalmos, with various degree of infiltrative changes. Open angle glaucoma was not found in any case. In 12 eyes (10.5 p.c.) one observed a raised IOP (over 21 mm Hg)--checked by means, of an applanation tonometer with the patient looking straight on; in 24 eyes (18.4 p.c.) the IOP was near the upper limit of the normal pressure. Characteristic for glaucoma pathological changes of the optic disc and the visual field were absent in examined patients. All of them had the filtration angle open. The authors found a statistically significant dependency between the IOP and the degree of changes in the motor muscles, conjunctival tissue and in the lids. The authors suggest that the changes in the intraocular pressure have an external cause and stem from the disturbances of the venous circulation with exclusion of the primary hypertension.

Adult↗