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Biomedical subjects

S Zolla-Pazner

Publications and source records attributed to S Zolla-Pazner.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Culture and recovery of macrophages and cell lines from tissue culture-treated and -untreated plastic dishes.

Macrophages can be separated from other cell types by their ability to readily attach and spread on glass or on plastic surfaces which are treated for optimal growth of cultured cells (tissue culture-treated plastic). To detach macrophages from these surfaces, techniques must be used which require prior preparation of special flasks or vessels, utilize expensive equipment, are time-consuming and almost uniformly require that the macrophages be exposed to various chemicals. We now report that macrophages can be enriched and recovered efficiently after attachment to disposable polystyrene bacteriologic petri dishes simply by gentle scraping with a rubber policeman. In this paper we compare this method to others currently in use in which resident peritoneal cells, peritoneal exudate cells or cells from bone marrow-derived cultures are detached from treated dishes using cold shock, chelating agents and lidocaine. In all studies, advantages were noted when cells were incubated in untreated dishes and detached by gentle scraping. In addition, untreated dishes supported the growth of adherent cell lines IC-21 and L929B and yielded large numbers of cells, with high viability, which were easily harvested.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Changes in splenic histology and cytology in mice bearing plasmacytomas.

Studies of immunosuppression in plasmacytoma-bearing mice (PC-mice) yield important information for understanding a variety of immune phenomena. Most investigations of this model system have utilized splenic cells; thus, valid interpretation of much of this data rests on knowledge of the nature of the cells present in the spleens of PC-mice (PC-spleen). Nevertheless, no comprehensive description of PC-spleens has ever been made and is therefore the subject of this report. Major differences exist between normal and PC-spleens. PC-spleens are enlarged and contain an increased number of cells, the greater proportion of which are large in size. On the basis of morphology and expression of cell surface markers the absolute number of B cells and T cells per spleen was found to be normal or somewhat increased in PC-mice. However, the percentage of these cells was decreased due to an increase in other cell types causing changes predominantly in the red pulp of the spleen. The major populations expanded are polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages. The numbers of megakaryocytes, immature precursor cells, and metastatic tumor cells are also increased to a smaller degree. The implications and relevance of these data to studies of PC-induced immunosuppression are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Kaposi's sarcoma in homosexual men. A seroepidemiologic case-control study.

The cases of 20 male homosexuals with Kaposi's sarcoma and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were compared with those of 40 age- and race-matched male homosexual controls. Patients with Kaposi's sarcoma had lower OKT4/OKT8 (T-helper/T-suppressor) ratios than controls, due to smaller numbers of OKT4 cells. Serum IgG concentrations and antibody titers to cytomegalovirus in patients exceeded those in controls, but patients had lower antibody titers to Epstein-Barr virus. Logistic regression analysis comparing patients with controls showed significant relative risks for Kaposi's sarcoma associated with the number of partners per month in receptive anal-genital intercourse, occasions per month of " fisting ," and cytomegalovirus antibody titers. Cytomegalovirus titers also were inversely correlated with OKT4 cell concentrations in the control group. Significantly greater OKT4 cell concentrations were found at diagnosis in HLA-DR5-positive patients than in HLA-DR5-negative patients. Patients who have HLA-DR5 may express disease at lesser degrees of immunodeficiency than HLA-DR5-negative patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head associated with pregnancy. Report of three cases.

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head developed in three patients during pregnancy. There were no demonstrable predisposing factors. The symptoms were first noted during the last trimester and persisted following delivery. Results of examination, radiography, and scanning were consistent with a diagnosis of osteonecrosis, and in one patient the diagnosis was substantiated by biopsy at the time of core decompression and bone grafting. An association between pregnancy and osteonecrosis, while established by case reports in the literature, does not seem to be recognized by obstetricians or orthopedic surgeons.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Identification of a new marker (Ly RL male 1) for cells of the T lineage by an auto-antithymocyte serum.

The sera of mice surviving challenge with a Thy-1-negative variant of the thymoma RL male 1 contain antibodies which identify a new cell surface antigen (Ly RL male 1) present on cells of the T lineage. This antigen appears early in the development of the lineage and it can be detected on most thymocyte precursors. Its presence on prothymocytes can serve to distinguish these cells from their multipotential precursors. The antigen is present on many thymocytes, and dividing thymocytes are more susceptible to its cytotoxic activity than is the total population. Ly RL male 1-antigen-positive cells can be detected in peripheral lymphoid tissues by both functional assays and absorption. Treatment of peripheral lymphoid cells with the antiserum leads to significant reduction in MLR and helper activity but does not alter mitogen reactivity or lymphocytotoxicity. Animals with significant serum levels of anti-RL male 1 are deficient in their ability to produce IgG antibody to sheep erythrocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Isolation of human T-cell leukemia virus in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Several isolates of a human type-C retrovirus belonging to one group, known as human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV), have previously been obtained from patients with adult T-cell leukemia or lymphoma. The T-cell tropism of HTLV and its prevalence in the Caribbean basin prompted a search for it in patients with the epidemic T-cell immune deficiency disorder known as AIDS. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from one patient in the United States and two in France were cultured with T-cell growth factor (TCGF) an shown to express HTLV antigens. Virus from the U.S. patient was isolated and characterized and shown to be related to HTLV subgroup I. The virus was also transmitted into normal human T cells from umbilical cord blood of a newborn. Whether or not HTLV-I or other retroviruses of this family with T-cell tropism cause AIDS, it is possible that patients from whom the virus can be isolated can also transmit it to others. If the target cell of AIDS is the mature T cell as suspected, the methods used in these studies may prove useful for the long-term growth of these cells and for the identification of antigens specific for the etiological agent of AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

Histiocytoid hemangioma with features of angiolymphoid hyperplasia and Kaposi's sarcoma. A study by light microscopy, electron microscopy, and immunologic techniques.

We examined by light and electron microscopy 99 vascular lesions removed on 17 occasions over a 2-year period from a 55-year-old black man. The lesions all showed histologic features of a vascular neoplasm composed of enlarged "histiocytoid" endothelial cells and overlapping features of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia and Kaposi's sarcoma. An apparently unique feature was early loss of melanin from the overlying epidermis and a mononuclear inflammatory-cell infiltrate. The patient also had an abnormal immunologic state very similar to that seen in homosexuals with Kaposi's sarcoma.

Endothelium↗
PubMed1982

Immunologic abnormalities in homosexual men. Relationship to Kaposi's sarcoma.

Studies were performed to define the immunologic status of various groups of homosexual men including homosexual men with Kaposi's sarcoma, healthy homosexual men who were of similar ages to the homosexual patients with Kaposi's sarcoma and homosexual men with hyperplastic lymphadenopathy. Heterosexual men with Kaposi's sarcoma were also studied. Immunologic parameters which were examined included serum immunoglobulin levels, enumeration of B cells, T cells, and T-cell subsets, and quantitation of lymphocyte responsive to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Significant immunologic abnormalities were observed in all three groups of homosexuals studied. These were most severe in the homosexuals with Kaposi's sarcoma, somewhat less severe in homosexual men with lymphadenopathy, and least marked but still significant in healthy homosexual men. Heterosexual men with Kaposi's sarcoma displayed essentially normal immunologic profiles. The possible etiologic factors underlying the immunologic abnormalities in the male homosexual population studied and the role of an altered immune system in the development of and the fulminant course of Kaposi's sarcoma in these patients are discussed.

Homosexuality↗
PubMed1982

Disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma in homosexual men.

Nineteen cases from an epidemic of disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma in homosexual men were studied by clinical, virologic, immunologic, and genetic methods. The patients were all male homosexuals ranging in age from 29 to 52 years, with histories of multiple sexually transmitted diseases and exposure to both prescription and recreational drugs. Sites of disease included skin (16 of 19 patients), lymph nodes (13 patients), gastrointestinal tract (12 patients), spleen (three patients), and lung (one patient). Most patients had elevated levels of serum immunoglobins, positive antibody titers to hepatitis A and B virus, cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, and impairment of cell-mediated immunologic reactions. The frequency of HLA-DR5 in these patients was significantly elevated. Two of the 19 patients died. Although the precise cause of this epidemic is unknown, it is likely that a genetic predisposition, an acquired immunoregulatory defect, and one or more infectious agents and drugs may be involved.

Adult↗