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Biomedical subjects

S Zwi

Publications and source records attributed to S Zwi.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Sarcoidosis in Johannesburg--a comparative study of black and white patients.

Fifty-one black and 31 white patients with histologically proven sarcoidosis were managed in the respiratory units of the Johannesburg and Hillbrow Hospitals between January 1965 and October 1987. A number of differences in the demographic, clinical and laboratory features of the disease were documented in the two groups. While none of the black patients presented with erythema nodosum, direct skin involvement was significantly more common (P less than 0.05), occurring in 59% of these patients. The mean serum angiotensin-converting enzyme level was raised in both groups, but hypercalcaemia occurred infrequently in black patients. Almost 60% of the patients received corticosteroids, and the clinical and objective response to therapy was not significantly different in the two groups. Before referral the diagnosis was often labelled tuberculosis in the black patients who had frequently received antituberculosis chemotherapy. The tuberculin skin test is helpful, since it was negative in all but 2 black patients with sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Liver damage associated with perhexiline maleate.

Two patients who developed biochemical and histological evidence of hepatitis while taking the anti-anginal drug perhexiline maleate are described. The pathological changes were those of mild to moderate fatty change together with a hepatitis which resembled alcoholic hepatitis, including in one patient the presence of material which by light microscopy was indistinguishable from Mallory's alcoholic hyalin. However, the predominantly periportal location of this material contrasted with the centrilobular distribution of Mallory's hyaline. One patient showed, in addition, severe atypia of the hepatocytes which was still present in less pronounced form 10 weeks after stopping perhexiline. The other patient had advanced hepatic fibrosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Aspergillus pneumonia--a cluster of four cases in an intensive care unit.

Four cases of Aspergillus pneumonia occurred in an intensive care unit within a short period. Clusters of cases of invasive aspergillosis are rare and have usually been attributed to excessive contamination of the environment. Extensive environmental studies were, however, negative. Three of the cases were diagnosed ante mortem. One patient survived after early initiation of treatment with amphotericin B.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Anaemia, iron deficiency and exercise: extended studies in human subjects.

1. Ventilation and cardiac frequency were measured during repeated treadmill exercise in three healthy subjects over 36 weeks, before, during and after iron-deficiency anaemia was produced and after iron treatment. The haemoglobin and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentrations and the oxygen-binding (P50) were measured. 2. There was an inverse relationship between the haemoglobin concentrations and the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentrations and the P50 values. 3. The mean cardiac frequencies during the fourth to tenth minutes of exercise showed a negative correlation with the haemoglobin concentrations in all three subjects, and the mean minute ventilations in two of them.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Progressive systemic sclerosis complicated by diffuse pulmonary haemorrhage.

A case is reported of progressive systemic sclerosis with pulmonary fibrosis which was complicated by recurrent haemoptyses due to diffuse pulmonary haemorrhage. We have found no other report of this association. The haemorrhage finally remitted after treatment was started with 40 mg prednisone daily, though previously spontaneous remissions had occurred.

Hemoptysis↗
PubMed1975

Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency--an association with hepatic malignancy.

A 70-year-old man with homozygous alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) (Pi-ZZ phenotype) at tutopsy was found to have a hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic fibrosis, pulmonary emphysema, and cor pulmonale. Characteristic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies, with identical histochemical and ultrastructural features, were detected in both normal and malignant liver cells. It is suggested that AATD may precede malignancy, since this is the eleventh case report of this association.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Immunologic studies in patients with recurrent bronchopulmonary infections.

In view of the known association of several different immune deficiency disorders with infections of the respiratory tract, a number of immunologic parameters were investigated in 15 patients with recurrent brochopulmonary infections. The patients' neutrophils all demonstrated normal intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureus, and responded normally to chemotactic stimuli. Although assays of complement 3c were normal in all patients' sera, defective total hemolytic complement activity was consistently shown in 1 patinets manifested elevated serum immunoglobulin concentrations. Severe alpha1 -antitrypsin deficiency (Pi ZZ phenotype) was discovered in 1 patient. Three patients displayed cutaneous anergy to a battery of skin-test antigens, but lymphocytes from all patients studied responded normally to in vitro phytohemagglutinin stimulation. A "blocking" factor found in the serum of 3 patients suppressed the in bitro transformation of normal Candida-responsive lymphocytes by Candida albicans antigen. "Cold" lymphocytotoxins were detected in the sera of 10 patients, but in only 3 of 19 control sera. Although the significance of these findings is unknown, they may possibly have pathogenetic relevance in a small number of the patients studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Changes in oxygen delivery during hemodialysis.

The effect of hemodialysis on oxygen delivery has been assessed in nine patients. During hemodialysis the arterial PO2 decreased from 76.89 mm Hg to 69.03 mm Hg. There was also an increase in pH from 7.39 to 7.49 which resulted in an increase in the affinity of the blood for oxygen. In the absence of compensatory changes this could result in a 17.9% decrease in oxygen delivery. This could be hazardous in patients who are already anemic particularly in the presence of cardiac or respiratory insufficiency.

Adult↗