[External arterio-venous shunt].
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Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical↗
Biomedical subjects
Sadanori Kamikawa
Publications and source records attributed to Sadanori Kamikawa.
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus due to hydronephrosis in a patient with a solitary kidney.
A 68-year-old man with a history of nephrectomy of the right kidney was admitted to our hospital with a 1-month history of polyuria (> 41 per day). He also exhibited hyposthenuria, which was unresponsive to treatment with exogenous vasopressin. Radiographic examination revealed partial obstruction of the left ureter and moderate hydronephrosis. The cause of the obstruction was cancer of the ureter. After drainage using a nephrostomy tube, the polyuria and hyposthenuria were gradually resolved. This is the first known case of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus due to hydronephrosis in a patient with a solitary kidney.
Aged↗
Concentration gradient of oxalate from cortex to papilla in rat kidney.
BACKGROUND: The kidney eliminates the major fraction of plasma oxalate. It is well known that oxalate is freely filtered by glomeruli and secreted by the proximal tubules. However, the renal handling of oxalate in distal nephrons, which is considered as playing an important role in stone formation, remains obscure. METHODS: At 15-180 min after intravenous injection of 14C-oxalate to rats, the intrarenal localization of radioactivity was quantitatively measured by the radioluminographic method using a bioimaging analyzer. Tissue radioactivity was compared with plasma, and urinary radioactivities were measured by a liquid scintillation counter. The control study was conducted with 14C-inulin. RESULTS: The radioactivity of 14C-oxalate in the papilla was 10 times greater than in the cortex and eight times greater than in the medulla 180 min after injection when almost no radioactivity was present in the urine. In contrast, the radioactivity of 14C-inulin was nine times less in the papilla than in the cortex at the same time. CONCLUSION: Oxalate remains in the renal papilla for an extended period. This accumulation of oxalate may be attributed to calcium oxalate crystal fixation along the deep nephron which is considered to be the first step of stone formation.
Animals↗
Extraperitoneal laparoscopic Lich-Gregoir antireflux plasty for primary vesicoureteral reflux.
We performed laparoscopic Lich-Gregoir antireflux plasty on 4 patients with primary vesicoureteral reflux. All procedures were conducted using the extraperitoneal approach. The average surgical time was 230 min. There were no complications. After surgery, voiding cysturethrograms showed no reflux in all patients.
Adult↗
The preventive effect of sodium pentosan polysulfate against renal stone formation in hyperoxaluric rats.
Sodium pentosan polysulfate (SPP), a semi-synthetic glycosaminoglycan, was administered to rats with hyperoxaluria, induced by a vitamin B6 deficient diet, as a model of calcium oxalate stone formation. We studied the preventive effects of SPP on stone formation as well as its inhibitory effects on stone growth by autoradiography and radioluminography after intravenous injection of (14)C-oxalate. The rats were divided into non-treated and SPP-treated groups. The non-treated rats were divided into three groups: one group was fed a regular diet, while the other two groups were fed a vitamin B6 deficient diet for 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. The SPP-treated rats were divided into two groups: one group was intravenously injected with SPP from the start of the vitamin B6 deficient diet for a total of 4 weeks and the other group was injected with the same amount of SPP after 2 weeks of the diet for 2 weeks. (14)C-oxalate renal macroautoradiograms were prepared, and calcium oxalate deposits in the renal tissues were compared between the non-treated and SPP-treated groups. The preventive effects on calcium oxalate stone formation were clearly observed in the group injected with SPP for 4 weeks. Even in the other SPP-treated group, in which the administration of SPP was started at 2 weeks after the start of the diet when calcium oxalate stone formation was already observed, the size of the calcium oxalate deposits observed after 4 weeks was smaller than that in the non-treated group fed a vitamin B6 deficient diet for 4 weeks. In conclusion, our results show that SPP has not only preventive effects on calcium oxalate stone formation but also growth inhibitory effects on stones in hyperoxaluric rats.
Animals↗
Metastatic urinary bladder tumor from extragonadal germ cell tumor: a case report.
A 37-year old male patient complained of lower back pain. Investigations revealed a retroperitoneal tumor and left-sided cervical lymphadenopathy without abnormal findings in both testicles. The diagnosis of extragonadal germ cell tumor was made based on a lymph node biopsy. Following chemotherapy and retroperitoneal lymphoadenectomy, at outpatient follow-up, beta-HCG elevated again. He complained of gross hematuria, cystoscopy showed a bladder tumor, and abdominal MRI scan showed a right ureteral tumor. Total cystectomy and right nephroureterectomy were performed, which revealed that the bladder and ureteral tumors were metastatic germ cell tumors. Six months later, the patient developed hepatic and mesenteric lymph node metastases that failed to respond to treatment, and died. Germ cell tumors metastasizing to the urinary tract are extremely uncommon, and this is the first report of bladder metastases, other than through direct invasion, from an extratesticular germ cell tumor.
Adult↗