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Biomedical subjects

Samuel Kim

Publications and source records attributed to Samuel Kim.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Blockade of TNF-alpha decreases both inflammation and efficacy of intrapulmonary Ad.IFNbeta immunotherapy in an orthotopic model of bronchogenic lung cancer.

Adenoviral immuno-gene therapy using interferon-beta has been effective in an orthotopic model of lung cancer. However, pulmonary inflammation induced by adenoviral (Ad) vectors will almost certainly limit the maximally tolerated dose. On the other hand, the strong innate immune response generated by the vector may be helpful in initiating the adaptive immune response required for efficacy. The goals of this study were to develop an effective approach to inhibit Ad.IFNbeta-mediated acute pulmonary inflammation and to determine whether this reduction of Ad-mediated inflammation decreased the therapeutic efficacy of Ad.IFNbeta in a mouse model of bronchioloalveolar cancer. Our data show that anti-TNF-alpha antibodies can blunt the innate pulmonary immune response induced by Ad vectors, even in sensitized animals. However, this effect also inhibited the ability of the animal to generate anti-tumor immune responses and reduced survival in an orthotopic lung cancer model responsive to Ad.IFNbeta treatment. Interestingly, in a flank model of tumor using a cell line derived from the lung tumor, TNF-alpha blockade did not inhibit efficacy. These data suggest that the innate immune response to adenovirus in the lung may be important in immuno-gene therapy of lung cancer. Therapeutic application of anti-inflammatory therapy in immuno-gene therapy strategies should thus be undertaken with caution.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed2006

Phospholipid biotinylation of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for protein immobilization.

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces can be functionalized with biotin groups by adding biotinylated phospholipids to the PDMS prepolymer before curing. The addition of beta-D-dodecyl-N-maltoside (DDM) in the solution blocks non-specific protein binding on these functionalized PDMS surfaces. We characterize the surface by measuring fluorescently labeled streptavidin binding. Single molecule tracking shows that the phospholipids are not covalently linked to PDMS polymer chains, but the surface functionalization is not removed by washing. We demonstrate the immobilization of biotinylated antibodies and lectins through biotin-avidin interactions.

Avidin↗
PubMed2006

Repeat operative sentinel lymph node biopsy.

Because sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy continues to be used for staging in patients with breast cancer, physicians treating these patients will be faced with in-breast recurrences and new primary breast cancers in the treated breast. Repeat operative SLN biopsy might be feasible in this clinical scenario. This report describes the case of a patient with an ipsilateral different-site, recurrent, infiltrating ductal carcinoma 14 months after lumpectomy; negative SLN biopsy result; and radiation therapy, now with a positive SLN biopsy result.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intermittent bolus dosing of lidocaine in emergency medical services-an alternative to bolus followed by a drip.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness and safety, in an emergency medical services setting, of intermittent bolus dosing of lidocaine versus a bolus followed by a drip. METHODS: This was a prechange and postchange observational study, following a protocol change. Patients 18 years or older treated with lidocaine for cardiac dysrhythmia were included in the study. Patients were excluded for lidocaine for intubation, cardiac arrest without return of spontaneous circulation, trauma, interhospital transport, and incomplete charts. Patients were divided into two groups. The drip group (January 1, 2002, to January 14, 2003) was treated with lidocaine 1.0-1.5 mg/kg intravenous bolus up to 3 mg/kg until the dysrhythmia resolved and then a 2-4 mg/min drip. The bolus group (January 15, 2003 to December 31, 2003) was treated with lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg intravenous bolus, followed by 0.75 mg/kg bolus every five minutes up to 3 mg/kg until the dysrhythmia resolved; once the dysrhythmia resolved, intermittent boluses of 0.75 mg/kg every 10 minutes were adminstered. Outcome variables studied were maintenance of rhythm of nonventricular origin, occurrence of complications, and adherence to written protocols. Complications considered were seizures, respiratory depression, and cardiac arrest. RESULTS: The study included 146 patients in the drip group and 113 patients in the bolus group. Overall, 119 of 146 patients (81.5%) in the drip group and 101 of 113 patients (89.3%) in the bolus group maintained a rhythm of nonventricular origin (p = 0.079). There was no statistical difference between the two groups in complications or protocol variance: one of 146 patients (0.7%) in the drip group and one of 113 patients (0.9%) in the bolus group had a serious complication; 64 of 146 patients (43.8%) in the drip group and 54 of 113 patients (47.8%) in the bolus group had a protocol variance. CONCLUSIONS: Intermittent bolus dosing protocol was associated with an equivalent effectiveness in maintaining rhythms of nonventricular origin without an increase in complications.

Aged↗