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Biomedical subjects

Sandra Engberg

Publications and source records attributed to Sandra Engberg.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Medication non-adherence among older adults: a review of strategies and interventions for improvement.

Medication non-adherence among older adults is a prevalent and costly problem; approximately one half have problems following their prescribed medication regimen, and more than 10% of hospital admissions are the result of medication non-adherence. In this literature review, medication non-adherence is defined and described among adults age 50 and older. Factors associated with medication non-adherence are presented, interventions to improve medication non-adherence are discussed, and methods for assessing medication non-adherence are reviewed. In addition, nursing assessment and intervention to improve medication non-adherence are described.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2002

Effectiveness of prompted voiding in treating urinary incontinence in cognitively impaired homebound older adults.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the short-term effectiveness of prompted voiding (PV) in cognitively impaired homebound older adults. DESIGN: This was a prospective, controlled exploratory study with a cross-over design where usual care controls crossed-over to the intervention following an 8-week observation period. SETTING: Adults aged 60 years and older with urinary incontinence and who met Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services criteria for being homebound were referred to the study by home care nurses from 2 large Medicare-approved home health agencies in a large metropolitan county in southwestern Pennsylvania. Nineteen cognitively impaired older adults were randomly assigned to either the PV intervention or a usual care attention control group. MEASURES: Measures used included structured continence and medical histories. Older American Research and Service Physical and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scales, Folstein Mini Mental State Examination, Clock Drawing Test, Geriatric Depression Scale, Performance-Based Toileting Assessment, bladder diaries, and physical examination. RESULTS: Nineteen subjects were randomly assigned to a PV (n = 9) or delayed attention-control group (n = 10). Treatment subjects with complete pretreatment and posttreatment data (n = 6) experienced a mean 60% reduction in daytime incontinent episodes compared with a mean 37% reduction among control subjects (n = 10). Following the control phase, subjects crossed over to the treatment protocol. A total of 15 subjects completed the PV protocol. Among all subjects completing the treatment protocol, there was a 22% reduction in daytime incontinent episodes compared with true baseline (immediately following the control phase for those crossing over from the control group). CONCLUSIONS: The PV intervention resulted in clinically significant reductions in urinary incontinence for many of the participants, which may be achievable for many cognitively impaired homebound older adults.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Future directions for incontinence research with frail elders.

BACKGROUND: The most vulnerable older adults are often referred to as the frail elderly. There is a high prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) in this population, yet there is little research to guide nurses in providing effective continence care to this vulnerable group of elders. OBJECTIVES: To summarize current knowledge on UI in frail older adults and suggest future areas for research in this population. METHODS: Existing literature about UI in the frail elderly was analyzed to generate a plan for future research. RESULTS: Gaps exist in the knowledge base needed to guide the nursing care of incontinent frail elders in the following areas: effectiveness of interventions, caregiver characteristics and management models, prevalence, risk factors, and reliability and validity of outcome measures. There are barriers to conducting research in long-term care settings. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the challenges inherent in doing research with incontinent frail elders, there is an urgent need for research to guide the nursing care of this population in all healthcare settings.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Writing a grant proposal--part 1: research methods.

The methods section is a critical part of a grant proposal. This article describes several important aspects of writing the methods section of a research proposal, including the conceptual framework, research design and study variables, and their measurement. It is the third part of a series of Spotlights on Research focused on successful grantsmanship.

Causality↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preparing a grant proposal--Part 5: Organization and revision.

Translating a research idea into a well-written grant proposal takes planning and commitment. This Spotlight is the fifth in a series by the members of the Center for Clinical Investigation (CCI) of the Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses (WOCN) Society. The aim of this series is to facilitate high-quality grant writing and encourage submissions to WOCN's grants program. This article provides guidance on the development of a grant proposal and the revisions necessary to result in a polished final product.

Humans↗