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Biomedical subjects

Sangyeoup Lee

Publications and source records attributed to Sangyeoup Lee.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Central obesity as a risk factor for prostatic hyperplasia.

OBJECTIVE: Obesity-related metabolic diseases may influence prostatic hyperplasia. This study examined the impact of obesity on prostate volume in men without overt obesity-related metabolic diseases. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: We recruited 146 men over the age of 40 years who did not have overt obesity-related diseases, such as diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, hypertension, or dyslipidemia. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed on all subjects. The subjects were divided into three groups according to their BMI: normal (18.5 to 22.9 kg/m2), overweight (23 to 24.9 kg/m2), and obese (> or = 25 kg/m2), and two groups according to their waist circumference: normal waist (< or = 90 cm) and central obesity (> 90 cm). The classification of the subgroups was based on the Asia-Pacific criteria of obesity. We compared the prostate volume among subgroups and assessed factors related to prostatic hyperplasia. RESULTS: Mean prostate volume was 18.8 +/- 5.0, 21.8 +/- 7.2, and 21.8 +/- 5.6 mL in the normal, overweight, and obese groups, respectively, and was 20.0 +/- 5.9 and 23.7 +/- 5.3 mL in the normal waist and central obesity group, respectively. Prostate volume was significantly greater in the obese group than in the normal group (P = 0.03) and in the central obesity group compared with the normal waist group (P = 0.002). Prostate volume was positively correlated with BMI and waist circumference after adjustment for age. After adjusting for confounding factors, central obesity was an independent factor affecting prostatic hyperplasia, which was defined as a prostate volume > 20 mL (odds ratio = 3.37, p = 0.037). Relative to men with both low BMI (18.5 to 22.9 kg/m2) and normal waist circumference, those with high BMI (> or = 25 kg/m2) and central obesity were at significantly increased risk of prostatic hyperplasia (odds ratio = 4.88, p = 0.008). However, those with high BMI (> or = 25 kg/m2) and normal waist circumference were not at significantly increased risk. DISCUSSION: Prostate volume was greater in the obese and central obesity groups than in the normal group after patients with overt obesity-related metabolic diseases were excluded. Although both BMI and waist circumference were positively correlated with prostate volume, central obesity was the only independent factor affecting prostate hyperplasia. We suggest that central obesity is an important risk factor for prostatic hyperplasia.

Abdominal Fat↗
PubMed2006

Obesity is the only independent factor associated with ultrasound-diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional case-control study.

OBJECTIVE: There is increasing interest in ultrasound-diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the ambulatory care setting. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and metabolic features of ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD patients who had not consumed alcohol for at least the previous 3 months were matched with 100 controls by age and gender distribution. Clinical, biochemical, and nutritional variables were compared between the ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD patients and the controls. Conditional logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent factors associated with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD. RESULTS: The ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD patients had higher values on the anthropometric measurements than those of the controls. Aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), uric acid, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels were higher in the ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD patients than those in the controls (p<0.001). The ASAT/ALAT ratio of the ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD patients was lower than that of the controls (p<0.001). Total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol, atherogenic index, fasting glucose, systolic blood pressure (BP), diastolic BP, and pulse pressure were higher in the ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD patients than in the control subjects, while lipoprotein(a) was lower. There were no significant differences in low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels or nutritional intake between patients and controls. Abnormal ASAT or ALAT, hypertriglyceridemia, lower HDL-cholesterol levels, silent myocardial ischemic pattern on electrocardiogram (ECG), impaired fasting glucose, and obesity were common among the ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD patients. The only independent factor associated with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD was obesity (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that NAFLD diagnosed by ultrasound is associated with hypertriglyceridemia, impaired fasting glucose, silent myocardial ischemic pattern of ECG, obesity, and abnormal liver tests in adults. Among these factors, obesity was the only independent factor associated with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed2005

Depressive mood and abdominal fat distribution in overweight premenopausal women.

OBJECTIVE: There is increasing evidence that depressive mood is associated with central obesity, but little is known about the association between depression and abdominal fat distribution. This study investigated this relationship in premenopausal women. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: We recruited 101 overweight premenopausal women who had no eating disorders as defined using the DSM IV criteria. Depressive mood was assessed using Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Areas of visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue at the level of vertebral body L(4)-L(5) were measured using computed tomography. Associations of VAT, SAT, and the ratio of VAT to SAT with natural logarithmic transformation [(ln)]SDS were evaluated using linear regression. Anthropometric indices and physical fitness were also measured. Information on socioeconomic status, education level, and alcohol and smoking habits was obtained using self-administered questionnaires. A hospital nutritionist assessed nutritional status. All of these factors were adjusted for as possible confounding factors in the analyses. RESULTS: The (ln)SDS score showed a positive association with the area of VAT, even after adjusting for the confounders mentioned above (p < 0.01). BMI, waist circumference, maximal oxygen uptake, and age were also associated with the area of VAT (all p < 0.05). In contrast, the (ln)SDS score was not associated with SAT (p > 0.10). DISCUSSION: We showed that depressive mood is associated with VAT, not with SAT, in overweight premenopausal women. These findings may explain some of the association between depression and coronary heart disease. More studies are needed to elucidate the causal relationship.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2004

Weight and BMI over 6 years in Korean children: relationships to body image and weight loss efforts.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationships among longitudinal weight status, body dissatisfaction, and attitude to weight loss among Korean children from the age of 7-8 to 13-14 years old. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: 351 Korean school children's heights and weights were measured at the ages of 7-8 and 13-14 years old; at the age of 13-14, they completed a questionnaire about body dissatisfaction and weight loss efforts. RESULTS: At the age of 7-8, 15.7% of children were overweight by International Obesity Task Force standards, as compared with 26.2% at the age of 13-14. Of the 55 7- to 8-year-old overweight children, 85.5% were still overweight at the age of 13-14 years old. Greater concerns about body image and stronger desires to be thinner were observed among stable overweight children and among those in whom there had been a rapid increase in BMI over the 6-year study period. Girls favored thinner shapes than did boys, regardless of their weight status or BMI changes. In girls, the level of body dissatisfaction was related only to weight loss desire, regardless of weight status or changes in BMI. In boys, however, weight loss desire was related only to weight loss attempts and was independent of weight status, BMI changes, and level of body dissatisfaction. DISCUSSION: Regardless of weight status, changes in BMI should be considered when dealing with body dissatisfaction and attitudes to weight loss in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Changes in plasma ghrelin concentration immediately after gastrectomy in patients with early gastric cancer.

Although the majority of circulating ghrelin originates from the stomach, no prospective study of the proportion of ghrelin derived from the stomach has been reported. Patients with early gastric cancer who underwent gastric resection were divided into three groups according to the extent and site of gastric resection: subtotal gastrectomy group (n = 24), proximal gastrectomy group (n = 4), and total gastrectomy group (n = 12). Patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent gastrojejunostomy without gastrectomy served as the bypass group (n = 5). Blood samples were collected from all patients preoperatively, at 1 h after gastric resection or gastrojejunostomy, and on postoperative d 1, 3, and 7. The plasma ghrelin level was determined in all samples and expressed as a percentage of the preoperative level. In the bypass group, no significant drop in the ghrelin level was observed at 1 h after gastrojejunostomy, and the ghrelin level remained stable through postoperative d 7. In the subtotal gastrectomy group, the ghrelin concentration reached a nadir of 38.8 +/- 12.9% of preoperative levels at 1 h after gastric resection and then gradually increased to 88.1 +/- 13.2% by postoperative d 7. In the proximal gastrectomy group, the nadir ghrelin level was 24.5 +/- 15.4% at 1 h after gastric resection and was followed by a gradual recovery. However, the recovery rate was slower than that in the subtotal gastrectomy group, with the ghrelin level reaching only 47.6 +/- 18.8% by postoperative d 7 (P < 0.05). In the total gastrectomy group, the nadir ghrelin level was 28.6 +/- 11.1% at 1 h after gastric resection and remained at 30.0 +/- 13.2% until postoperative d 7. These results suggest that compensatory ghrelin production can occur in the remnant stomach after the surgical removal of part of the stomach and that the proximal fundus is more important than the distal antrum and body in terms of the capacity for ghrelin production. The principal site of ghrelin production is clearly the stomach, which contributes 70% of the circulating ghrelin concentration.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Clinical usefulness of the two-site Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test for detecting diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

The present study was done to validate the two-site Semmes-Weinstein (SW) monofilament test in identifying patients at risk of lower-extremity complications in clinical setting. The SW monofilament test and nerve conduction study were conducted on type 2 diabetic patients (n=37) at Pusan National University Hospital in Korea. As the duration of diabetes mellitus was longer, neuropathy identified by nerve conduction study and complications of diabetes were more severe (p<0.01). The number of sites unable to perceive SW monofilament (p<0.001) was larger in patients with lower-extremity neuropathy symptoms than those without symptoms. Sensitivity and specificity at two sites (the third and fifth metatarsal head sites) were 93% and 100%, respectively. In conclusion, the two-site SW monofilament test was a sensitive, specific, simple, and inexpensive screening tool for identifying diabetic peripheral neuropathy in clinical setting.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Elevated intraocular pressure is associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), a well-known risk factor for glaucoma, has recently been shown to be associated with some metabolic complications and obesity. We investigated the link between IOP and metabolic disturbances, focusing especially on metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. METHODS: Eye examinations, including IOP measurement, were conducted on 943 subjects (533 men and 410 women). Body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic pressure, fasting insulin, glucose, lipids, and other metabolic parameters were measured. The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) score and McAuley index were calculated to assess whole-body insulin resistance. RESULTS: Both of these insulin resistance indices showed positive associations with IOP (p < 0.05), even after statistical adjustment for other risk factors. IOP was higher in participants with metabolic syndrome, as compared to those who did not have metabolic syndrome. The mean IOP tended to increase linearly with the presence of increasing numbers of components for metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that insulin resistance might contribute to an explanation that would account for many previous findings concerning the association between IOP and obesity, hypertension, and diabetes.

Abdomen↗