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Biomedical subjects

Sanjiv Sharma

Publications and source records attributed to Sanjiv Sharma.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Compression of trachea due to double aortic arch: demonstration by multi-slice CT scan (MSCT).

Double aortic arch (DAA) is a form of vascular ring, completely encircling trachea and esophagus by its connecting segments, and thus can lead to clinical picture of aero-digestive tract obstruction. MRI and CECT in addition to the location and extent of aero-digestive tract obstruction can also delineate adjacent cardio-vascular anatomy. 3D reconstruction of aorta and airway can be useful tool for pre-operative planning.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed2006

Vertebral artery stenting utilizing distal embolic protection with filter wire and a drug-eluting Taxus stent.

Percutaneous intervention of the vertebral artery stenosis is associated with the risk of distal embolization and restenosis, which can manifest with stroke. We describe a case of vertebral artery percutaneous intervention utilizing the embolic protection FilterWire and a drug-eluting Taxus stent, to overcome these issues of distal embolization and restenosis respectively.

Angiography↗
PubMed2006

Intracoronary administration of abciximab during percutaneous coronary interventions: should this be the routine and preferred approach?

The authors have had experience with administering abciximab as an intracoronary bolus in 96 high-risk patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions, specifically in situations in which there was anticipation of a high embolic load from thrombus/plaque burden at the site of the culprit lesion, saphenous vein graft culprit lesion, threatened abrupt closure, developing slow-flow, or no-reflow phenomena with distal embolization. Our uncontrolled data basically substantiate the safety of intracoronary administration of abciximab. The data summarizing the potential superiority of this method of administration of the drug and the likely mechanisms of this effect are summarized. These incite a need for reevaluation of the method of administration of the drug, especially in high-risk percutaneous coronary interventions cases.

Abciximab↗
PubMed2005

Proteomics of human umbilical vein endothelial cells applied to etoposide-induced apoptosis.

We have undertaken to continue the proteomic study of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) using the combination of 2-DE, automated trypsin digestion, and PMF analysis after MALDI-TOF MS and peptide sequencing using nano LC-ESI-MS/MS. The overall functional characterization of the 162 identified proteins from primary cultures of HUVECs confirms the metabolic capabilities of endothelium and illustrates various cellular functions more related to cell motility and angiogenesis, protein folding, anti-oxidant defenses, signal transduction, proteasome pathway and resistance to apoptosis. In comparison with controls cells, the differential proteomic analysis of HUVECs treated by the pro-apoptotic topoisomerase inhibitor etoposide further revealed the variation of eight proteins, namely, GRP78, GRP94, valosin-containing protein, proteinase inhibitor 9, cofilin, 37-kDa laminin receptor protein, bovine apolipoprotein, and tropomyosin. These data suggest that etoposide-induced apoptosis of human vascular endothelial cells results from the intricate involvement of multiple apoptosis processes including at least the mitochondrial and the ER stress pathways. The presented 2-D pattern and protein database, as well as the data related to apoptosis of HUVECs, are available at http://www.huvec.com.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed2005

Successful treatment of hypotension associated with stunned myocardium with oral midodrine therapy.

Myocardial stunning, a reversible decrease in the contractile function of the myocardium after an ischemic insult, often leads to hypotension that requires therapy with intravenous inotropes. We used the oral agent midodrine to treat hypotension that complicated myocardial stunning after successful revascularization with percutaneous coronary intervention in the setting of myocardial infarction and ischemia. Oral midodrine may offer a useful substitute to intravenous inotropic therapy and can shorten the duration of intensive care unit and hospital stay in this setting.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2005

Algorithm for evaluation and disposition of a single episode of loss of consciousness.

The presentation of a solitary episode of loss of consciousness in aviators presents a challenge to the aerospace physician, who has certain vital obligations to fulfill: to find the cause of loss of consciousness; to find the likely pathology; and to make a decision about fitness for flying duties. Evaluation of loss of consciousness focuses on three systems: the cardiovascular system; the central nervous system; and the mental functioning. If an abnormality is found in any of the three systems, specific evaluation and treatment is warranted. However, if no pathophysiology is found, aeromedical disposition of such a case is determined by three questions. Is it a case of syncope? If it is indeed syncope, is it vaso-vagal syncope (VVS) or something more sinister? If it is VVS, is it likely to recur in flight? VVS may be a one-time occurrence due to sudden cessation of blood supply to the brain and is the most common cause of loss of consciousness. Correct diagnosis of VVS, while a daunting task, can be made possible by proper attention to history, clinical examination, and relevant clinical investigations. Once diagnosed, a single episode of VVS is considered compatible with flying duties. Two cases of loss of consciousness in different settings have been presented to highlight the dilemmas faced by an aerospace physician. An algorithm for evaluation of cases with a solitary episode of loss of consciousness is also suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

MRI features of tuberculoma of the right atrial myocardium.

Myocardial tuberculosis is an infrequent disease. Until now, the diagnosis has largely been made at necropsy. Only a few reports describe the antemortem diagnosis of myocardial tuberculosis. We describe the MRI features in a 12-year-old boy with myocardial tuberculoma of the right atrium. He also had intracerebral tuberculoma. The diagnosis was later confirmed by biopsy.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed2003

The SoS trial.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed2003

Proteomic study of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in culture.

The endothelium is a single layer of cells lining the inside face of all blood vessels. It constitutes a major metabolic organ which is critically involved in the generation and the regulation of multiple physiological and pathological processes such as coagulation, hemostasis, inflammation, atherosclerosis, angiogenesis and cancerous metastasis dissemination. In order to increase our knowledge about the protein content and the main biological pathways of human vascular endothelial cells, we have undertaken the proteomic analysis of the most explored present endothelial cell model, i.e. primocultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Using low levels of protein loads (~ 30 nug), the association of two-dimensional electrophoresis with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and database interrogations allowed us to identify 53 proteins of suspected endothelial origin in quiescent HUVECs. Beside cytoskeletal proteins such as actin, tubulin, tropomyosin and vimentin, we identified various proteins more especially implicated in cellular motility and plasticity (e.g. cofilin, F-actin capping protein and prefoldin), in regulation of apoptosis and senescence (protease inhibitor 9, glucose related proteins, heat shock proteins, thioredoxin peroxidase, nucleophosmin) as well as other proteins implicated in coagulation (annexin V, high mobility group protein), antigen presentation (valosin containing protein and ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase isozyme L1) and enzymatic capabilities (glutathione-S-transferase, protein disulfide isomerases, lactate deshydrogenase). The presented annotated 2-D maps of HUVECs will be soon available on the web at http://www. huvec.com.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed2003

Bivalirudin (Angiomax) use during intracoronary brachytherapy may predispose to acute closure.

We describe two cases of intracoronary vascular brachytherapy where bivalirudin (Angiomax), employed as an anticoagulant, led to abrupt vessel closure or threatened abrupt closure. Use of bivalirudin (Angiomax) during intracoronary brachytherapy may predispose to the formation of intracoronary thrombus, related to the reversible binding kinetics of the bivalirudin to thrombin, and resulting in recovery of thrombin functional activity during periods of prolonged stasis that occur during intracoronary brachytherapy. Intracoronary abciximab administration may be a useful strategy in resolving the acute closure, since abciximab administered early during the formation of thrombus has been shown to facilitate clot lysis.

Abciximab↗
PubMed2003

Percutaneous intervention on the LIMA: tackling the tortuosity.

Percutaneous intervention on a tortuous left internal mammary artery (LIMA) graft is often challenging as the LIMA develops straightening and accordioning after the guidewire and dilatation balloon are placed in the graft, making angiographic assessment of the result impossible if there is no flow through the graft. We describe a new technique that overcomes this problem.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗