Biomedical subjects

Satoshi Honda

Publications and source records attributed to Satoshi Honda.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2026

Ultrashort vs Standard-Duration Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Undergoing PCI: A Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of ultrashort (≤1-month) dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) followed by antiplatelet monotherapy remain uncertain in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to compare ultrashort vs standard-duration DAPT in patients with ACS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials until February 15, 2026. Primary outcomes were major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), major bleeding, and net adverse clinical event (NACE). Prespecified subgroup analyses examined by ethnicity (East Asian vs non-East Asian) and abbreviation strategy (intensive: ≤1-week DAPT or clopidogrel/aspirin monotherapy vs moderate: ≥2-week DAPT, followed by ticagrelor/prasugrel monotherapy). RESULTS: Across 10 trials (n = 29,232), ultrashort DAPT did not increase MACCE risk (HR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.93-1.20; P = 0.38; I2 = 24%), with higher MACCE risk observed in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) but not non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS), and significantly reduced major bleeding (HR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.35-0.64; P < 0.00001; I2 = 44%), resulting in a net clinical benefit (HR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.72-0.97; P = 0.02; I2 = 61%). Bleeding reduction was more pronounced in East Asians (HR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.25-0.49; P < 0.00001; I2 = 0%) than non-East Asians (HR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.43-0.93; P = 0.02; I2 = 44%), with a significant interaction (P = 0.02). The abbreviation strategy significantly modified outcomes (P for interaction = 0.003): intensive abbreviation raised MACCE risk (HR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.11-1.69; P = 0.003; I2 = 0%), while moderate abbreviation had no statistically significant difference (HR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.85-1.08; P = 0.47; I2 = 0%). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with ACS undergoing PCI, ultrashort DAPT reduced bleeding without increasing ischemic events overall, although a signal of increased MACCE was observed in STEMI but not in NSTE-ACS. Bleeding reduction was greater in East Asians, while ≤1-week DAPT or clopidogrel/aspirin monotherapy may increase ischemic risk.

Humans↗

PubMed2005

Modulation of early auditory processing by visually based sound prediction.

Brain activity was measured by magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate whether the early auditory system can detect changes in audio-visual patterns when the visual part is presented earlier. We hypothesized that a template underlying the mismatch field (MMF) phenomenon, which is usually formed by past sound regularities, is also used in visually based sound prediction. Activity similar to the MMF may be elicited by comparing an incoming sound with the template. The stimulus was modeled after a keyboard: an animation in which one of two keys was depressed was accompanied by either a lower or higher tone. Congruent audio-visual pairs were designed to be frequent and incongruent pairs to be infrequent. Subjects were instructed to predict an incoming sound based on key movement in two sets of trials (prediction condition), whereas they were instructed not to do so in the other two sets (non-prediction condition). For each condition, the movement took 50 ms in one set (Delta = 50 ms) and 300 ms in the other (Delta = 300 ms) to reach the bottom, at which time a tone was delivered. As a result, only under the prediction condition with Delta = 300 ms was additional activity for incongruent pairs observed bilaterally in the supratemporal area within 100-200 ms of the auditory stimulus onset; this activity had spatio-temporal properties similar to those of MMF. We concluded that a template is created by the visually based sound prediction only after the visual discriminative and sound prediction processes have already been performed.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed2005

Promoter CpG hypomethylation and transcription factor EGR1 hyperactivate heparanase expression in bladder cancer.

Heparanase plays a critical role in the degradation of extracellular matrix and cell membrane and is frequently upregulated in malignant tumors. Transcription factor, early growth response 1 (EGR1), is closely associated with inducible transcription of the heparanase gene. We hypothesized that promoter CpG hypomethylation with increased EGR1 expression could determine heparanase expression during the pathogenesis of bladder cancer. Bladder cancer cell lines (J82, T24 and transitional cell carcinoma) significantly restored heparanase expression after 5-Aza-dC treatment. Transfection of EGR1 siRNA with T24 bladder cancer cell line significantly downregulated heparanase expression compared to the control siRNA transfection. In 54 bladder cancer and paired normal bladder samples, heparanase expression was significantly higher in bladder cancer than in normal bladder (P<0.01). We performed methylation-specific PCR targeting the CpG sites within the core-binding consensus motifs of EGR1 (GGCG) and Sp1 (GGGCGG). Methylation prevalence was significantly higher in normal bladder than in bladder cancer (P<0.05) and inversely correlated with heparanase expression (P=0.055). In the total series of bladder cancer and normal bladder samples, the combination of promoter CpG methylation and EGR1 expression regulated heparanase expression in a stepwise manner, where heparanase expression was the lowest in methylation-positive and EGR1-negative samples and the highest in methylation-negative and EGR1-positive samples. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that increased heparanase expression during the pathogenesis of bladder cancer is due to promoter hypomethylation and transcription factor EGR1.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed2005

Nucleosynthetic signatures of the first stars.

The chemically most primitive stars provide constraints on the nature of the first stellar objects that formed in the Universe; elements other than hydrogen, helium and traces of lithium present within these objects were generated by nucleosynthesis in the very first stars. The relative abundances of elements in the surviving primitive stars reflect the masses of the first stars, because the pathways of nucleosynthesis are quite sensitive to stellar masses. Several models have been suggested to explain the origin of the abundance pattern of the giant star HE0107-5240, which hitherto exhibited the highest deficiency of heavy elements known. Here we report the discovery of HE1327-2326, a subgiant or main-sequence star with an iron abundance about a factor of two lower than that of HE0107-5240. Both stars show extreme overabundances of carbon and nitrogen with respect to iron, suggesting a similar origin of the abundance patterns. The unexpectedly low Li and high Sr abundances of HE1327-2326, however, challenge existing theoretical understanding: no model predicts the high Sr abundance or provides a Li depletion mechanism consistent with data available for the most metal-poor stars.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2005

Docetaxel-based chemotherapy as second-line treatment for paclitaxel-based chemotherapy-resistant hormone-refractory prostate cancer: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVES: To examine docetaxel (DTX)-based chemotherapy in paclitaxel (PTX)-based chemotherapy-resistant hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) to investigate the activity and degree of toxicity in a pilot study. We have previously reported on the effectiveness of combination chemotherapy with PTX, estramustine (EMP), and carboplatin against HRPC. Although many patients with HRPC initially responded to this PTX/EMP-based combination chemotherapy, most finally progressed to PTX-resistant status within a mean of less than 1 year. DTX is an inhibitor of microtubule depolymerization like PTX and has demonstrated activity against PTX-resistant metastatic tumors. METHODS: The subjects were 15 patients with HRPC who displayed disease progression while receiving PTX/EMP/carboplatin combination chemotherapy. The patients were treated with intravenous DTX 30 mg/m2 weekly, oral EMP 10 mg/kg daily, and intravenous carboplatin (dosed to an area under the curve of 6) on day 1 of every 4-week cycle. Treatment was continued until disease progression or excessive toxicity. RESULTS: Each patient received a median of eight consecutive cycles. The prostate-specific antigen level decreased by 50% or more in 33.3% of patients and by 90% or more in 13.3%. The median follow-up was 49.6 weeks, with median time to progression of 25.0 weeks and median overall survival of 54.0 weeks. One patient died of interstitial pneumonitis. One patient developed secondary osteomyelodysplastic syndrome. The major severe toxicities were grade 3 or 4 anemia in 66.7% of patients, leukopenia in 26.7%, and thrombocytopenia in 40.0%. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study have shown that DTX is comparatively active for heavily pretreated patients with PTX-resistant HRPC. However, given the significant toxicities and small subject population, well-designed Phase I-II trials of the improved regimen are warranted.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2003

Ets protein Elf-1 bidirectionally suppresses transcriptional activities of the tumor suppressor Tsc2 gene and the repair-related Nth1 gene.

Alterations in the rat tuberous sclerosis gene (Tsc2) cause renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) with complete penetrance. In this study, it was shown that the minimal core promoters of the rat Tsc2 and endonuclease III 1 (Nth1) genes, lying in a 5'-to-5' arrangement, were localized in a 0.11-kb region containing two Ets binding sites (EBSs). This region worked as a bidirectional promoter in a single reporter plasmid. Mutational inactivation of each of the two EBSs significantly reduced promoter activity. Moreover, gel shift assays revealed the presence of specific EBSs-protein complexes. These results demonstrate that some members of the Ets family positively regulate the promoter activities of the Tsc2/Nth1 genes by binding to the EBSs. We identified Elf-1 as a binding factor for EBSs through super-shift assays, and detected approximately 35 kDa bands with an EBSs-containing DNA probe by Southwestern blot analysis. Forced expression of Elf-1 in cells, however, bidirectionally suppressed the activities of the Tsc2/Nth1 promoters. Elf-1 may be a negative regulator of Tsc2/Nth1 gene expression and may compete against positive regulators for binding to the EBSs. Our observations suggest that mechanisms that inactivate Tsc2 gene expression, such as promoter suppression, may exist.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Spontaneous rupture of peripancreatic lymph node with hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis: report of an autopsy case with massive peritoneal bleeding.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a tendency for fatal spontaneous rupture leading to massive hemorrhage. The majority of such ruptures of HCC occur in the liver, while a few previous studies showed that such HCC rupture developed at metastatic sites including the lung, pleura, spleen, and peritoneum. We here report a case of hepatitis C virus-related HCC with spontaneous rupture of a peripancreatic lymph node with HCC metastases. A 61-year-old Japanese man died of hepatic failure after therapy for cirrhosis and HCC for 6 years. At autopsy, the liver showed diffuse multinodular HCC in both lobes. Metastases were found in lumbar vertebral bones and abdominal lymph nodes of the hepatic hilar, peripancreatic and perigastric regions. One lymph node (4 cm in diameter) around the pancreatic head was found ruptured, and blood coagula (100 g) was present around the ruptured node. Pure blood of 2000 ml was noted in the peritoneal cavity. Cirrhosis was not recognized. Histologically, the liver tumors and metastases in the lumbar vertebral bones and abdominal lymph nodes were poorly-differentiated HCC of Edmondson's grade III. The ruptured lymph node was almost replaced by poorly-differentiated HCC, and the ruptured site showed hemorrhage, breakdown of the capsule, and ischemic changes. Non-tumorous liver showed chronic hepatitis C. The immediate cause of death was suggested to be circulatory insufficiency due to rupture of the lymph node and/or hepatic failure. The present case showed that abdominal lymph nodes with HCC metastases may rupture and cause severe hemorrhage in the peritoneal cavity, leading to death.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2002

Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation for articular angle control with an Inverse Dynamics Model tuned by a neural network.

A Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation (FNS) system was developed to restore the motor function of people with central nervous system disorders. An FNS articular angle control system with an Inverse Dynamics Model (IDM) tuned by a neural network was proposed. The system was designed to control the elbow joint angles by learning the characteristics of the neuromuscular system of controlled limbs. Three kinds of control schemes using the IDM were proposed. In a simulation experiment, the system was able to learn the abnormal characteristics of a limb and any changes in these characteristics, and then allow for better control of the limb. The results of experiments using human participants showed that the system had ability to control both normal and paralysed limbs.

Biophysical Phenomena↗

PubMed2002

Improved computed radiography image quality from a BaFl:Eu photostimulable phosphor plate.

Recent advances in the design of photostimulable phosphor (PSP) plates for computed radiography (CR) systems have made it possible to manufacture plates made of BaFI:Eu phosphor material in the cassette form. The image quality of this plate, six BaF(Br,I):Eu plates, and one BaFBr:Eu plate were evaluated in terms of presampling modulation transfer function (MTF), normalized Wiener spectra (WSN), and detective quantum efficiency (DQE). Compared with the best-performing BaF(Br,I):Eu plate, the BaFI:Eu plate provided DQE that was higher, at spatial frequencies of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 cycles/mm, by 12% (21.8 versus 19.4), 13% (18.8 versus 16.7), and 11% (12.0 versus 10.8), respectively. Since presampling MTF values of the two plates were comparable, the BaFI:Eu plate's higher DQE is attributable to total WSN conversely being lower by 17% [8.65 x 10(-5) (mm2) versus 10.38 x 10(-5) (mm2)], 17% [5.85 x 10(-5) (mm2) versus 7.03 x 10(-5) (mm2)], and 12% [2.82 x 10(-5) (mm2) versus 3.19 x 10(-5) (mm2)] at the specified frequencies, respectively, primarily due to the contribution of x-ray quantum WSN. This jibes with the high x-ray absorption provided by the 27%-higher x-ray attenuation coefficients (7.54 versus 6.07, at 60 KeV) that BaFI offers over BaF(Br(0.85),I(0.15)), a result of the high atomic number of BaFI's exclusively iodine halide content. The results were consistent with earlier studies of several of these same plates and indicate that BaFI:Eu is a promising avenue to lower image noise and higher overall CR system image quality.

Barium Compounds↗