Biomedical subjects

Satoshi Mizutani

Publications and source records attributed to Satoshi Mizutani.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2007

Correlation of low-volatile organic chlorine (LVOCl) and PCDD/Fs in various municipal waste incinerators (MWIs).

Medium- and low-volatile organic chlorine (M/LVOCl) and PCDD/Fs in flue gas from various municipal waste incinerators (MWIs) were monitored. The sample for M/LVOCl was collected in an adsorption tube which was thermally desorbed and the amount of chlorine was measured by atomic emission spectrometry (AES) detection using radiofrequency helium plasma. The helium plasma excited chlorine having an optical emission line of 837.6 nm was monitored. The MVOCl and LVOCl were organic chlorine groups whose boiling points (bp) ranged from 70-120 degrees C and 170-270 degrees C, respectively. The compounds having bp 120-170 degrees C were distributed in two tubes. LVOCl correlated well with PCDD/Fs (ng/Nm3, r=0.81) in a wide range of 0.01-100 ng/Nm3 of PCDD/Fs, while the correlation of LVOCl vs. TEQ was less related (r=0.69). These results agreed with the fact that LVOCl monitored the amount of organic chlorine without molecular structure information, which is critical to toxicity. Since the bp of LVOCl was not identical with that of PCDD/Fs, the regression was effected by the conditions of the gas treatment devices. Because most data of 2001 were collected just after the installation of PCDD/Fs in MWIs, the regression of 2001 was slightly different from that of 2002-2003. Eliminating these initial unsteady data, the regression of LVOCl vs. PCDD/Fs became better, giving r= 0.86. Besides having PCDD/Fs as surrogates, M/LVOCl is valuable as a versatile element-selective organic chlorine monitor to improve thermal process control.

Air Pollutants↗

PubMed2006

Estimation and control of atmospheric emissions of chloroform and dichloromethane due to laboratory activity.

In Japanese universities, the management of chemical reagents has become an important issue in preserving the environment and the health of students and researchers. It is thus necessary to estimate the levels of chemical emissions into the environment and to measure working-environment chemical levels in laboratories. However, there are many laboratories in universities using many chemical reagents for their own needs. Hence, it is difficult for universities to quantitate the amount of chemicals on campus, and there is a lack of information about laboratory environment chemical levels. In this study, the material balance of chloroform and dichloromethane (DCM) in Kyoto University was examined, and the emission rates of chloroform and DCM were estimated to be 37-50% and 50-70%, respectively. These chemicals were thought to be volatilized mainly through reduced-pressure distillation. However, it was found that there was a loss of chemicals due to volatility, which researchers were unaware of, such as that during solvent recovery under reduced pressure and volatilization from containers of organic waste liquid. On the other hand, working-environment chemical levels were measured in several laboratories which used chloroform and DCM frequently. Even in such laboratories, the average concentrations of these chemicals were approximately 1 ppm at most measurement points.

Air Pollution↗

PubMed2006

Solidification and stabilization of fly ash from mixed hazardous waste incinerator using ordinary Portland cement.

Fly ash samples from a mixed hazardous waste (MHW) incinerator were subjected to solidification and stabilization (S/S) studies using ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as the binder. Additives (i.e., activated carbon and rice husk) were also homogenized with the binder and waste to determine the effectiveness of the immobilization of heavy metals. The toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP), Japanese Leaching Test (JLT-13) and the American Nuclear Test 16.1 (modified) ANS 16.1 were used to gauge the leaching of heavy metals from the solidified matrixes. Compressibility strength of the solidified matrixes was also tested using the American Standard Testing Material (ASTM) test procedure for the compressive strength of hydraulic cement mortars.

Carbon↗

PubMed2005

Scanning electron microscope study of the rabbit anterior chamber angle.

The three-dimensional fine structure and the collagenous framework of the anterior chamber angle (chamber angle) of albino rabbits, which does not posses a Schlemm's canal, were examined, with or without NaOH maceration, by scanning electron microscopy. The chamber angle is ill defined because the deep ciliary cleft appears parceled by iris pillars. The collagenous framework of the pectinate ligaments and iris pillars arising from the iris root join to the collagen bundles of the trabecular sheet, and the surface of the ciliary cleft is covered by an endothelial cell layer that screens the trabecular meshwork. Round openings are apparent in the recesses of the ciliary cleft, with junctions between more superficial or deeper trabecular sheets resulting in direct communication between adjacent trabecular spaces. Openings of the angular aqueous plexus/sinus in place of Schlemm's canal were seen on the inner surface of the corneosclera after removing the trabecular meshwork. The framework of the trabecular sheet is basically formed of circumferentially arranged flat collagen bundles and reticularly diverged narrow collagen bundles extending from them. There is no shift between collagen bundles of the trabecular meshwork and the corneosclera, suggesting a frail connection between the two tissues.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Insensitivity to the bitter taste of chloramphenicol: an autosomal recessive trait.

Sensitivity to the bitter taste of chloramphenicol was studied in 860 students, 620 males and 240 females. About 8.6% of them were insensitive to this bitter taste. Familial lineage studies were carried out on a subset of these students, and the results suggested that the sensitivity or insensitivity was controlled by a pair of autosomal Mendelian genes, with the sensitive gene being dominant over the insensitive.

Adolescent↗