Biomedical subjects

Sayaka Yamamoto

Publications and source records attributed to Sayaka Yamamoto.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

The clock drawing test as a valid screening method for mild cognitive impairment.

To validate the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) as a screening method for detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to find the appropriate scoring protocol and its cutoff point, we compared the sensitivity and specificity of three CDT protocols. Subjects included 219 outpatients with memory complaints, who were attending the geriatric memory clinic. Cahn's protocol, with a cutoff point of 7, was more successful at differentiating clinically diagnosed MCI subjects from normal elderly individuals, with higher sensitivity (74.7%) and specificity (75.6%), than were the other protocols. The CDT, as a handy screening method, may be useful for clinicians to reliably identify subjects with MCI, and it may contribute to early detection of dementia.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Pharmacological activity of deep-sea water: examination of hyperlipemia prevention and medical treatment effect.

When normal rabbits were administered various samples of deep-sea water, their biochemical values changed within normal limits, and no differences from distilled water administration (control) group levels were observed. Furthermore, no histopathological changes were observed in internal organs on the 28th day after administration. The serum total cholesterol (T-Cho) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-Cho) levels of normal rabbits fed with a 1% cholesterol-containing diet simultaneously administered deep-sea water (desalinated water, hardness 28, 300, and 1200) increased with time up to about 1500 mg/dl. However, the degrees of increase were smaller than those of the control group, which received distilled water. Furthermore, when prepared hyperlipemia rabbits were administered deep-sea water (desalinated water, hardness 28, 300, and 1200), there were no significant changes in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-Cho), or triglyceride (TG) levels. On the other hand, T-Cho and LDL-Cho levels were reduced when the rabbits were changed to normal food, and the degree of reduction was more than that of the control group. In the liver and main artery bow, as the hardness of the deep-sea water increased, the accumulation of lipid and permeation of macrophages was reduced. This result was well in agreement with the results of the T-Cho and LDL-Cho levels. From these results, it is clear that deep-sea water controls the increase of serum lipid values (T-Cho and LDL-Cho) of cholesterol-fed rabbits, and promotes the reduction of serum lipid hyperlipemia rabbits. The minerals in deep-sea water greatly influence this effect.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

HEPC-based liposomes trigger cytokine release from peripheral blood cells: effects of liposomal size, dose and lipid composition.

The immune response caused by liposome stimulation was studied by assessing the level of several cytokines released from human peripheral blood cells. Liposome stimulation resulted in the release of IL-6, IL-10, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma. The size of the liposomes affected the degree of the cytokine releases with larger sized liposomes causing higher levels of cytokine induction. In addition, it appears that the lipid composition of liposomes had no effect on the degree of cytokine release. The release of cytokines occurred even in the absence of serum, suggesting that serum proteins did not contribute to liposome stimulation in peripheral blood cells. The release of cytokines induced by liposome stimulation was inhibited by the presence of either protein kinase-C (PKC) or protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor, but not by the presence of an endocytosis inhibitor. This indicates that signal transduction via PKC or PTK is necessary, in order for human peripheral blood cells to release cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma) as the result of liposome stimulation. These quantitative data on the release of cytokines by liposomal stimulation provide useful information for the development of rational drug delivery systems and the safety of cytokine induction via the use of liposomes.

Cytokines↗

PubMed2002

[Relation between destination on discharge in the elderly patients and comprehensive geriatric assessment at admission in the ward of the Geriatric Department of University Hospital].

To determine the factors related to the destination on discharge from the geriatric ward of Nagoya University Hospital, we analyzed the relationship between the scores of comprehensive geriatric assessment at admission and the destination in patients who had dwelled in home. The scores of basic activity of daily living (Barthel index), instrumental activity of daily living (Lowton scale), and cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination) were significantly lower in the patients who moved to institutions than those in the patients who returned home. The proportion of disabilities in all items, except eating, in the Barthel index, and all items but washing in the Lowton scale were significantly higher in patients who moved to institutions than in patients who returned home. Space orientation, calculation, and drawing in the Mini-Mental State Examination were related to the destination. In items for social life communication and group behavior were related to the destination. In multiple logistic regression models, it was suggested that activity of daily living, specifically independence of excretion, and ability in communication were significantly related to the destination on discharge.

Activities of Daily Living↗