Biomedical subjects

Selim Erekul

Publications and source records attributed to Selim Erekul.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2002

Localization of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the synovial membrane, skin, and meninges in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and IgG deficiency.

We report on a 31-year-old female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) for 24 years who had a past history of skin tuberculosis (lupus vulgaris), long-term corticosteroid therapy, and IgG deficiency. She presented with monoarthritis and concomitant meningitis from skin tuberculosis after 5 years. The diagnosis of joint and meningeal tuberculosis was defined with clinical symptoms--signs and typical histopathological findings of involved synovium. Clinical improvement was achieved with antituberculous therapy. Cutaneous, articular, and cerebral manifestations of tuberculosis might have been confused with some of the lupus manifestations or lupus activation. It should be kept in mind that tuberculosis may be encountered in SLE due to the nature of the underlying disease and/or its therapy. It is also worth mentioning that, in this patient, tissues involved with extrapulmonary tuberculosis were the primary areas of involvement with SLE.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗

PubMed2002

Remission of severe aplastic anemia associated with hepatitis B virus infection after viral clearance: potential role of lamivudine.

Although viral hepatitis infection is known to be associated with aplastic anemia, a causal link between viral hepatitis and aplastic anemia has not been convincingly demonstrated. A case of hepatitis B-associated severe aplastic anemia is described which only partially responded to conventional immunosuppressive treatment but went into complete clinical remission after clearance of the hepatitis B virus. Disappearance of the hepatitis B virus occurred during lamivudine treatment and coincided with immune activation secondary to discontinuation of immunosuppressive therapy. This case was somewhat atypical in that a history of acute hepatitis preceding the aplastic anemia was absent. The observation made in this case report supports a cause-effect relationship between hepatitis B virus infection and aplastic anemia.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Apoptosis-related proteins and steroid hormone receptors in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic endometrium.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution and frequency of apoptosis-related proteins and their correlation with estrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptors in endometrial tissues. Immunohistochemical analyses of bcl-2, bax, bcl-x, and steroid receptors were performed in 22 endometrial carcinomas, 26 endometrial hyperplasias, and 19 cases of normal cyclical endometrium. Bcl-2 was expressed in 45.4% of carcinomas and 92.3% of hyperplasias. Bax immunostaining was found in 90.9% of carcinomas and 76.9% of hyperplasias. Bcl-x positivity was similar in carcinomas (68.1%) and endometrial hyperplasias (76.9%). In normal cyclical endometria, bcl-2 staining was intense and diffuse in the proliferative phase, but decreased dramatically in the early and mid-secretory phase to reappear in the late secretory phase. Bax was expressed throughout the menstrual cycle but more strongly in the secretory phase. Bcl-x displayed a similar degree of expression in proliferative and secretory endometria. Nineteen carcinomas (86.3%), 25 hyperplasias (96.1%), and 18 normal cyclical endometria (94.7%) were positive for estrogen receptor (ER). Progesterone receptor (PR) was observed in 20 carcinomas (90.9%), all hyperplasias (100%), and 18 normal cyclical endometria (94.7%). Androgen receptor (AR) positivity was seen in 7 carcinomas (31.8%), 6 hyperplasias (23.0%), and 3 normal cyclical endometria (15.7%). There was a statistically positive correlation between bcl-x and ER and a tendency toward significant correlation between bcl-x and PR and between ER and PR in carcinomas. In hyperplasias, there was a significant positive correlation between bcl-2 and PR and between bcl-2 and bax and a negative correlation between ER and bax. There was a statistically significant difference for bcl-2 (p = 0.001) and bax (p = 0.001) between the hyperplasia and carcinoma groups. There was increased expression of bax, decreased expression of bcl-2, and persistence of bcl-x protein in advanced endometrial carcinomas. Our findings show that ovarian hormones have a regulatory role on bcl-2 protein and that there is a correlation between other members of the bcl-2 family (bcl-x and bax) and steroid hormone receptors. Bax/bcl-x may be the major control mechanisms of apoptosis in advanced carcinomas; other members of the bcl-2 family may also be under hormonal control.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Histopathologic assessment of healed osteochondral fractures.

PURPOSE: To assess the histopathologic features of healed tissue to define its biological and biomechanical properties after internal fixation of osteochondral fractures. Type of Study: Cohort study. METHODS: The general principle of management of detached acute osteochondral fractures is reattachment of the fragment by internal fixation, but the opinions on the quality and structure of the healed tissue that will be obtained after treatment is controversial. This study included 13 patients with acute osteochondral fractures who were treated arthroscopically and had surgical fixation providing joint-surface congruity. Patients with osteochondral fractures too small for fixation or with the overlying cartilage frayed, and patients with associated injuries were excluded from the study. The mean age of patients was 17 years (9 to 24 years). In 2 cases the fractures were localized at medial, in 7 at lateral femoral condyles, and in 4 at the patella. Internal fixation materials were K-wires for 1 case, Herbert screws for 3, and mini cancellous screws for 9 cases. The mean follow-up period was 6.3 years (3 to 13 years). On second-look arthroscopy, congruity of the joint surfaces and healed fractures was observed in all cases. Beside removal of the implant, punch biopsies were performed extending to the osteochondral junction; biopsy specimens were taken from the junction of the articular margin of the fragment and the edge of the remainder of the articular surface. RESULTS: On histologic examination of the specimens, scarce mature chondrocytes among regenerative stroma, which dyed more eosinophilic than the basophilic chondral stroma and which had a chondrocyte-like appearance, were seen. Maturation of histologic architecture to hyaline or articular cartilage was not recorded in any of these cases. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical results did not correlate with the histologic findings. Despite the protected joint surface congruence, restoration of the hyaline cartilage at the chondral junctions could not be obtained.

Journal Article↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Orbital leiomyoma: report of a case and review of the literature.

A 10-year-old female presented with slowly progressive proptosis of 1 year's duration. Orbital MRI revealed an extraconal oval mass occupying the lateral half of the mid and posterior orbit. The tumor was isointense to the extraocular muscle and cerebral gray matter on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. The patient underwent superolateral orbitotomy, and it was felt that the tumor was totally excised in a piecemeal fashion. Histopathologic examination showed that the tumor was composed of spindle cells arranged in a fibrous stroma rich in dilated sinusoidal capillaries. The nuclei of tumor cells were oval with blunted ends. There were no mitotic figures. Immunohistochemically, the tumor stained positive with smooth muscle actin, desmin, and vimentin. Based on the histopathologic and immunohistochemical staining results, a diagnosis of orbital leiomyoma was made. At 34 months follow-up, the patient continues to have 20/20 vision and is free of tumor recurrence clinically. Orbital leiomyoma is an uncommon tumor. Search of the English literature showed only 15 previous cases of orbital leiomyoma that have been published since 1963.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Desmoplastic fibroma of bone: case report.

Desmoplastic fibroma of bone is an exceedingly rare tumor that was first described by Jaffe in 1958 [1]. It has a high incidence of local recurrence after surgical resection. It is usually seen in young patients and involves mandible and long bones. It has histological resemblance to the desmoid tumor of the abdominal wall. We report a surgically proven case of desmoplastic fibroma of bone with local aggressiveness and recurrence during follow-up. The radiograph, CT imaging features, radiological and pathological differential diagnosis of the case are described, and literature is briefly reviewed.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cytopathologic features of pituitary carcinoma with cervical vertebral bone metastasis: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Pituitary carcinomas are extremely rare tumors of the adenohypophysis. The presence of craniospinal and/or systemic extracranial metastases is the only reliable criterion for the diagnosis of pituitary carcinoma. To date, only 2 cases have been reported correctly by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). We present an additional case of pituitary carcinoma with FNAB features. CASE: A 60-year-old woman presented with clinical features of Cushing's disease and a pituitary tumor. She underwent transsphenoidal resection of the tumor. The initial diagnosis was an adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)-producing invasive pituitary adenoma. The patient presented again with neck pain 6 years after the operation. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed metastatic tumor masses at the level of C5-C6 of the cervical vertebrae. Intraoperative fine needle aspiration and incomplete excision of metastatic tumors were performed. Cytologically, tumor cells were composed of a combination of loose groups and single cells. Neoplastic cells had a relatively monotonous appearance and displayed characteristic neuroendocrine tumor features. Immunocytochemistry from cell block sections revealed AE1/ AE3, synaptophysin chromogranin A and ACTH positivity in the tumor cells. CONCLUSION: Pituitary carcinoma with extracranial systemic metastases demonstrates typical neuroendocrine features on fine needle aspiration. In the differential diagnosis, metastatic neuroendocrine carcinomas should be kept in mind. In the absence of sufficient clinical data, these 2 entities cannot be distinguished correctly through the cytologic features.

Biopsy, Fine-Needle↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic significance of blood group antigen expression of tumor tissue in lung cancer patients.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Many prognostic factors have been evaluated both for SCLC and NSCLC. The prognostic significance of blood group antigen expression of tumor tissues has been studied particularly in NSCLC, yielding divergent results. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of the tumoral expression of blood group antigens ABH in lung cancer. METHODS: The presence of blood group antigens was assessed immunohistochemically in paraffin-embedded tumor samples from 92 patients diagnosed between 1996 and 1997. Monoclonal antibodies were used to detect blood group antigens. RESULTS: The median survival was longer in NSCLC patients whose tumors were positive for blood group antigen A (P = 0.009). Since the expression of blood group antigen A in tumor cells was limited to patients with type A or AB blood, survival analysis of these patients showed survival to be longer in non-small cell lung cancer patients with blood group antigen A-positive tumors (P= 0.0019). CONCLUSIONS: Expression of blood group antigen A in tumor cells is an important, favorable prognostic factor in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, which could be useful to stratify patients with blood group A or AB according to possible outcome, and to guide therapeutic decision-making. The expression of blood group antigens ABH should be evaluated in larger series of lung cancer patients (including small and non-small cell lung cancer) with all blood types.

ABO Blood-Group System↗

PubMedDate not supplied

BAG-1 expression in hyperplastic and neoplastic prostate tissue: is there any relationship with BCL-related proteins and androgen receptor status?

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: To evaluate the function and distribution of BAG-1 protein in hyperplastic and neoplastic prostate tissue and establish the relationship between this protein and BCL-related proteins (BCL-2 and BAX), androgen receptor (AR) expression and chromogranin A. METHODS: Twenty-eight prostatic adenocarcinomas and 16 prostate hyperplasias were included in this retrospective study. BAG-1, BCL-2, BAX, androgen receptor and chromogranin A immunostaining was performed by means of standard avidin-biotin peroxidase methods. The M30 antibody was used to identify preapoptotic and apoptotic cells. The immunohistochemical histological score (HSCORE) semiquantative system was used to evaluate immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in HSCOREs of BAX, M30 and AR between the carcinoma and hyperplasia groups. Carcinomas expressed higher HSCOREs of these markers than hyperplasias. There were significant differences in nuclear and cytoplasmic BAG-1 positivity between high and low-grade carcinomas. BAG-1 expression was higher in low-grade carcinomas. In the carcinoma group there was a positive correlation (Pearson) between BCL-2 and cytoplasmic/nuclear BAG-1. In the hyperplasia group there was a negative correlation between BAX and BCL-2, and between AR and M30. We also detected a positive correlation between AR and nuclear/cytoplasmic BAG-1 and between nuclear and cytoplasmic BAG-1 in hyperplasias. BAG-1 showed the same specific basal cell localization as BCL-2 in hyperplastic and normal glands. CONCLUSIONS: The BAG-1 protein showed a distinct distribution pattern in hyperplastic and neoplastic prostate. BAG-1 in association with BCL-2 inhibits apoptosis and may prolong the life of neoplastic cells and give them a chance to gain new oncogenic features in early carcinogenesis.

Adenocarcinoma↗