PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Selim Kurtoglu

Publications and source records attributed to Selim Kurtoglu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Influence of maternal smoking on neonatal aortic intima-media thickness, serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels.

Epidemiological studies have reported associations between a range of cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking and intima-media thickness (IMT). Some reports indicate that the maternal tobacco smoking causes disturbances of the endocrine status of the foetus. There are several potential mechanisms by which insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) could modify atherosclerotic processes either locally or in a systemic manner. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of maternal smoking on neonatal aortic IMT (aIMT), serum IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels. Aortic intima-media thickness was measured in 28 neonates whose mothers smoked during the pregnancy and 28 control neonates. Mean and weight-adjusted aIMT were significantly greater in the neonates whose mothers smoked (0.455 +/- 0.009 mm and 0.151 +/- 0.005 mm/kg, respectively) than in controls (0.403 +/- 0.029 mm and 0.118 +/- 0.014 mm/kg, respectively). Birth-weight of newborns whose mothers smoked was less than that of the controls. The decreases in serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 observed in the infants whose mothers smoked were non-significant. Mean aIMT was negatively associated with birth-weight and IGF-I level. In conclusion, neonates whose mothers smoked have significantly increased aIMT. It might play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in adult life.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Macrosomic newborns of diabetic mothers are associated with increased aortic intima-media thickness and lipid concentrations.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Exposure to diabetes in utero has been established as a significant risk factor for some of components of metabolic syndrome. A few studies have examined relationship between the metabolic syndrome and echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) mass. We aimed to investigate relationship between abdominal aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT), LV mass and lipid profile in macrosomic newborns. METHODS: Abdominal aIMT was measured in 30 macrosomic neonates of diabetic mothers (group A), 30 macrosomic neonates of healthy mothers (group B) and 30 healthy neonates (group C). Lipid profile and LV mass were determined. RESULT: Mean aIMT was significantly higher in groups A and B (0.489 +/- 0.015, 0.466 +/- 0.019 mm, respectively) than in controls (0.375 +/- 0.024 mm). Weight-adjusted aIMT in group A was significantly higher than in groups B and C. Macrosomia was associated with increased lipid concentrations. Both LV mass indexed for BSA (body surface area) and birth weight measurements were significantly increased in group A compared with control. CONCLUSIONS: Macrosomic neonates of diabetic mothers have significant aIMT and LV mass indexed for BSA and birth weight with lipid alterations. It might play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in adult life.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed2006

Serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and leptin levels are related to abdominal aortic intima-media thickness in macrosomic newborns.

OBJECTIVE: Exposure to diabetes in utero has been established as a significant risk factor for some of the components of metabolic syndrome, and was associated with increased levels of maternal, placental, and fetal insulin-like growth factors and leptin. The atherogenic effects of leptin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) have been extensively described. The present study was therefore designed to investigate relationships between abdominal aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT), serum IGF-I, IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and leptin levels in macrosomic newborns. DESIGN: Neonates whose birth weights exceed 90th percentile for gestational age and gender are termed macrosomic. Abdominal aortic intima-media thickness was measured in 30 macrosomic neonates of diabetic mothers (group A), 30 macrosomic neonates of healthy mothers (group B) and 30 healthy neonates (group C). Serum IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and leptin levels were determined in all infants and their mothers. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent risk factors for aortic intima-media thickness. RESULTS: Mean aortic intima-media thickness was significantly higher in groups A and B (0.489+/-0.015,0.466+/-0.019 mm, respectively) than in controls (0.375+/-0.024 mm, p<0.0001). Weight-adjusted aortic intima-media thickness was significantly higher in-group A than in groups B (p=0.004) and C (p=0.048). Serum leptin concentration in-group B (37.4+/-10.7 ng/ml) was significantly greater than in-group C (23.5+/-7.1 ng/ml, p<0.0001), but significantly lower than in-group A (46.6+/-14.1 ng/ml, p<0.0001). Serum IGF-I levels of the infants were significantly lower in-group C (113.2+/-33.1 ng/ml) than in groups A and B (205.2+/-60.1 and 179.3+/-55.1 ng/ml respectively, p<0.0001). Serum IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and leptin levels of the infants were positively correlated with mean (p<0.0001) and weight-adjusted aortic intima-media thickness measurements (p=0.003, p=0.006 and p=0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Macrosomic neonates of diabetic mothers have significantly increased aortic intima-media thickness with higher serum IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and leptin concentrations than those of controls. It might be speculated that these changes may exaggerate the atherosclerotic process later in life.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed2006

The relationship among intrauterine growth, insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-3, and bone mineral status in newborn infants.

Insulinlike growth factors (IGFs) exert profound effects on somatic growth and cellular proliferation of many tissues and play an essential role in bone metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate how fetal growth and bone mineralization correlate with IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels of newborn infants and their mothers. In addition, we aimed to determine the predictive value of anthropometric measurements on variability in bone mineral status. Umbilical cord venous blood samples were obtained at delivery from 100 term newborn infants. Forty of the newborn infants had birthweights appropriate for gestational age (AGA), 30 were small for gestational age (SGA), and 30 were large for gestational age (LGA). Data were acquired using whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner with a pediatric platform. Umbilical cord serum IGF-I concentrations were higher in LGA newborns ( P < 0.01), but lower in SGA newborns ( P < 0.01) than in AGA newborns. Umbilical cord serum IGFBP-3 concentrations in LGA newborns were significantly greater than in SGA and AGA newborns ( P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively). Whole-body bone mineral density (WB BMD) was higher in LGA babies (0.442 +/- 0.025 g/cm2 [SD]; P < 0.01) but lower in SGA (0.381 +/- 0.027 g/cm 2; P < 0.0001) than in AGA babies (0.426 +/- 0.022 g/cm2). WB BMD and content (WB BMC) were correlated significantly with birthweight, birth height, head circumference, body mass index (BMI) of the infants; ponderal index and triceps skinfold thickness (reflecting fat stores) of the infants; cord serum IGF-I concentration, serum IGF-I concentration of the mothers; and fat mass, proportionate fat mass, weight, and BMI of the mothers. In contrast, WB BMC was also correlated positively with cord serum IGFBP-3 concentration and gestational age, and WB BMD was positively correlated with serum IGFBP-3 levels of the mothers. Umbilical cord serum IGF-I concentration of the infants was correlated significantly with the concentration of the mothers ( R = 0.232; P = 0.020). Umbilical cord serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations were correlated significantly with the fat mass, gestational age, birthweight, birth height, head circumference, and BMI of the infants. Umbilical cord IGF-I concentration was also correlated with ponderal index and triceps skinfold thickness of the infants, maternal weight, BMI, and proportionate fat mass of the infants. Stepwise multiple regression analyses showed no significant relation between bone indices (WB BMD, WB BMC) and the infant's or mother's variations including serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations. Birthweight and gestational age are related to bone indices. However, the present study does not provide support for the hypothesis that serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels of infants and their mothers may play a major role in the regulation of bone metabolism in the developing skeleton.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Influence of maternal nicotine exposure on neonatal rat bone: protective effect of ascorbic acid.

Limited research in young adults and immature animals suggests a detrimental effect of tobacco on bone during growth. We aimed to determine the adverse effects of maternal nicotine exposure during pregnancy and lactation on neonatal rat bone development, and to determine a protective effect of ascorbic acid. Gravid rats were assigned into three groups: two experimental and one control (group I). In the first experimental group (group II), pregnant rats received 3 mg/kg/d nicotine subcutaneously during pregnancy from 1 to 21 days of gestation and lactation (until postnatal day 21). The second experimental group (group III) received nicotine and ascorbic acid (1 mg/kg body mass/d). Whole body mineral density (BMD), content (BMC), and area (BA) were measured on postnatal day 21. Histopathologic and morphologic findings of the femur were obtained. Maternal nicotine exposure decreased the body weight of the rat at the birth and postnatal day 21. The values of BMD, BA, and BMC of the groups were similar to each other. Width of the epiphyseal plate and the hypertrophic zone were higher in group III but lower in group II than in group I. Number of apoptotic chondrocytes was significantly increased in group II. The length of femur was higher in group I but lower in group II than in group III. Maternal nicotine exposure during gestation and lactation resulted in decreased body weight and bone lengthening. Ascorbic acid supplementation was found to prevent the adverse effects of maternal nicotine exposure on the growth plate.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2006

Aortic intima-media thickness and lipid profile in macrosomic newborns.

Macrosomia is associated with alterations in lipoprotein composition and concentration at birth. Exposure to diabetes in utero has been established as a significant risk factor for some of the components of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of macrosomia on lipid metabolism, aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT) and subsequent atherogenic risk in newborn infants. Aortic intima-media thickness was measured in 40 macrosomic neonates of diabetic mothers (group A), 30 macrosomic neonates of healthy mothers (group B) and 30 healthy neonates (group C). Lipid profile was determined in all infants and their mothers. Mean aIMT was significantly higher in macrosomic neonates of diabetic and healthy mothers (0.56+/-0.06 and 0.49+/-0.03 mm respectively) than in controls (0.39+/-0.03 mm). Weight-adjusted aIMT in macrosomic neonates of diabetic mothers (0.129+/-0.013 mm/kg) was significantly higher than in groups B and C (0.114+/-0.008 and 0.113+/-0.011 mm/kg respectively). There were significant alterations of total serum, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterols and triglyceride levels in the macrosomic neonates of diabetic mothers compared with controls. Macrosomia was associated with increased lipid concentrations. Macrosomic neonates of diabetic mothers have significantly higher aIMT with lipid alterations. This may play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in adult life.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2006

Relation of in utero lead exposure with insulin-like growth factor-I levels and neonatal anthropometric parameters.

Our aim was to establish whether independent relationships exist between either anthropometric parameters or insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and cord blood lead levels in newborns. Umbilical cord blood samples and anthropometric data were obtained at delivery. Cord blood lead levels were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. IGF-I levels were measured using RIA. Blood lead levels >or=100 microg/l were considered elevated in accordance with CDC guidelines. Data on all variables of interest were obtained for 54 term neonates. The mean cord blood lead level was 144+/-89 microg/l with a range of 51-355 microg/l. Twenty-nine (53.7%) neonates had blood lead levels >or=100 microg/l. However, only 5 (9.2%) of the neonates had blood lead levels of >or=250 microg/l. No statistically significant difference was found in case of anthropometric parameters and IGF-I levels between neonates with high lead levels (>or=100 microg/l) and with low lead levels (<100mug/l) in cord blood (p>0.05). There was a significant correlation between lead and birth weight in neonates with high lead levels (r: -0.49, p=0.01) but not other anthropometric data and IGF-I levels. A multivariate regression analysis using the full range of lead values adjusted for the relevant confounders such as gestational age and socioeconomic status was performed. In the model birth weight (p: 0.01, beta: -0.81), birth length (p: 0.05, beta: 0.41) and midarm circumferences (p: 0.05, beta: 0.30) were the best predictors of lead levels, with the total variance explained being 36%. Significant relationship was found between birth weight and lead burden in newborns. Whether serum lead level predicts the development of failure to thrive in these children remains to be determined in follow-up studies.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed2006

Protein oxidation in obesity and insulin resistance.

INTRODUCTION: Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) are considered reliable markers to estimate the degree of oxidant-mediated protein damage. Data on oxidative stress in childhood obesity and insulin resistance are limited. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the AOPP level as an oxidative stress marker in obesity and insulin resistance. The study included 57 pubertal obese children and adolescents (30 girls and 27 boys) and 20 healthy pubertal children and adolescents (11 girls and 9 boys). MATERIALS AND METHODS: All participants in the obesity group underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and two separate groups were formed according to the existence of insulin resistance. RESULTS: AOPP levels were measured in the obesity and control groups spectrophotometrically. The obesity group consisted of 25 children and adolescents with insulin resistance and 32 subjects without insulin resistance. AOPP levels in the obesity group were found to be significantly higher than those in the control group. Although AOPP levels in the subjects with insulin resistance were higher than the subjects without insulin resistance, there was no significant difference between AOPP levels of subgroups with insulin resistance and without insulin resistance. CONCLUSION: This study showed protein oxidation in obesity with a novel oxidative stress marker and it also suggests that insulin resistance may play an important role as a source of oxidative stress in the development of other diseases after pubertal years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Arterial wall thickening and stiffening in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated structural and functional characteristics of the common carotid artery (CCA), a marker of early carotid atherosclerosis, and investigated their relation to metabolic and anthropometric parameters in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Non-invasive ultrasonographic measurements were made in 45 type 1 diabetic patients and 33 controls. Age, sex, and body mass index were matched between patients and controls. We investigated intima-media thickness (IMT), compliance, distensibility, diastolic wall stress (DWS) and incremental elastic modulus (IEM) of the CCA. Metabolic and anthropometric parameters such as serum lipids, plasma glycated haemoglobin, body mass index, waist-hip ratio and blood pressure were assessed. RESULTS: The diabetic patients had significantly higher CCA-IMT than the controls (0.48+/-0.06mm versus 0.33+/-0.07mm; p<0.001). The diabetic children had significantly higher values than the controls for DWS (1.18+/-0.29mmHgx10(2) versus 0.81+/-0.25mmHgx10(2); p<0.001) and for IEM (1.26+/-0.57mmHgx10(3) versus 0.77+/-0.28mmHgx10(3); p<0.001). The difference was not significant between patients and controls for arterial compliance and for distensibility (p>0.05). In a multivariate regression model for all subjects, diabetic state was the best predictor of IMT (p<0.001), DWS (p<0.001) and IEM (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that children and adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes are associated with early impairment of CCA structure and function and that diabetic state may be the main risk factor for CCA wall stiffening and thickening, which are of considerable concern as possible early events in the genesis of atheroma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Increased aortic intima-media thickness is related to lipid profile in newborns with intrauterine growth restriction.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Low birth-weight is known to be associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk similar to that seen with major environmental risk factors, such as cigarette smoking or hypertension. Much epidemiological evidence has linked low birth-weight with hypertriglyceridaemia. METHOD: We measured aortic wall thickness by ultrasonography and lipid profile in 40 newborn babies with intrauterine growth restriction and 40 controls. RESULTS: Maximum and mean aortic intima-media thickness were significantly higher in the babies with intrauterine growth retardation (0.58 +/- 0.06, 0.52 +/- 0.03 mm, respectively) than in controls (0.44 +/- 0.05, 0.40 +/- 0.03 mm, p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, respectively), more so after adjustment for birth-weight (maximum intima-media thickness: 0.23 +/- 0.03 mm/kg vs. 0.12 +/- 0.02 mm/kg, p < 0.0001; mean intima-media thickness: 0.21 +/- 0.02 mm/kg vs. 0.11 +/- 0.01 mm/kg, p < 0.0001). Serum triglyceride levels were significantly higher in the intrauterine growth retardation group (48.9 +/- 14.8 mg/dl) compared with the control group (32.5 +/- 9.8 mg/dl, p < 0.0001). The mean body mass index, prepregnancy weight, weight gain during pregnancy, maternal LDL cholesterol level and, height of the mothers were significantly lower in the intrauterine growth retardation group compared with the control group. For maximum aIMT, significant associations included the ponderal index (p = <0.01), length (p = 0.01) and serum triglyceride levels of infants (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Newborn babies with growth restriction have significant maximum aortic thickening with hypertriglyceridaemia, suggesting that prenatal events might predispose to later cardiovascular risk.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Possible effect of leptin on renal magnesium excretion in adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes.

BACKGROUND: Hypomagnesaemia and hyperleptinemia are common in patients with diabetes. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that leptin stimulates diuresis and natriuresis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum leptin, serum magnesium (Mg) and urinary Mg/urinary creatinine levels in patients with type 1 diabetes. METHODS: Serum leptin and Mg and urinary Mg/urinary creatinine levels were measured in 67 patients with diabetes (33 girls and 34 boys). The age, diabetes duration, anthropometric and metabolic parameters of the subjects were matched between girls and boys. The relation of serum leptin levels to serum and urinary Mg/urinary creatinine levels was assessed. RESULTS: Serum leptin levels of girls with diabetes were higher than those of the boys (14 +/- 5.3 microg/L vs 5.8 +/- 1.5 microg/L, P < 0.001, respectively). The differences for serum Mg and for urinary Mg/urinary creatinine levels were not significant between girls and boys with diabetes. Leptin levels were correlated with urinary Mg/urinary creatinine levels in both girls and boys (r = 0.39, P = 0.02 and r = 0.37, P = 0.03, respectively). In a multivariate regression model, leptin emerged as independent correlates for mean urinary Mg/urinary creatinine in both girls and boys with the total variance explained being 14%, and 15%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that serum leptin might be related to increased urinary Mg loss in patients with type I diabetes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

The relationship between birthweight, 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and bone mineral status in neonates.

BACKGROUND: Calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) are the major micronutrients for fetal skeletal development. AIMS: To compare whole body bone mineral density (WB BMD) and bone mineral content (WB BMC) in different birthweights of term neonates and to determine correlations of biological criteria of bone health between neonates and their mothers. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Serum Ca, P, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and 25-OHD levels were measured in 30 small-for-gestational-age (SGA, group 1), 40 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA, group 2) and 30 large-for-gestational-age (LGA, group 3) neonates and their mothers in winter. WB BMD and WB BMC of neonates were estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in the 1st 24 hrs after delivery. RESULTS: Mean (SD) serum 25-OHD levels in the mothers [8.7 (3.0), 8.6 (3.0) and 7.7 (2.8) microg/L, respectively] and their infants [6.3 (2.5), 6.0 (2.2) and 5.7 (1.8) microg/L, respectively] in groups 1, 2 and 3 were similar. Compared with the mothers, the mean 25-OHD levels of the neonates in all groups were significantly lower (p<0.05), and they were highly correlated (r=0.755, p<0.05). Ninety-three per cent of the neonates and 82% of their mothers had 25-OHD levels <10 microg/L, the lowest limit of normal. Mean (SD) WB BMD and WB BMC were higher in LGA infants [0.442 (0.025) g/cm(2), 71.6 (9.0) g, p<0.01, p<0.001, respectively] but lower in SGA [0.381 (0.027) g/cm(2), 29.1 (9.1) g, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively] than in AGA infants [0.426 (0.022) g/cm(2), 53.7 (9.6) g, respectively]. The percentage of WB BMC was lower in SGA than in AGA and LGA infants. WB BMC and WB BMD were positively correlated with birthweight (r=0.910, p<0.05) and gestational age (r=0.707, p<0.05) but not with serum 25-OHD. CONCLUSIONS: The neonates' bone indices increased significantly with gestational age and birthweight but this was not related to serum 25-OHD levels in the infants and their mothers.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2006

Exchange transfusion or intravenous immunoglobulin therapy as an adjunct to antibiotics for neonatal sepsis in developing countries: a pilot study.

UNLABELLED: Both intravenous administration of immunoglobulin (IVIG) and exchange transfusion (ET) have been used for treatment of neonatal sepsis. No studies have compared ET with IVIG in neonates. AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate serial IgG and IgM serum levels in two groups of septic infants treated with either IVIG or ET as adjuvant therapy. RESULTS: A total of 88 infants with sepsis and gestational ages ranging from 32 to <37 weeks were enrolled consecutively. The effect of ET with fresh, whole blood and IVIG on immunoglobulin G and M levels was monitored over a 24-hour period. ET was performed on 33 infants, 33 infants received IVIG and 22 infants served as controls. There were nine deaths (27%) in the IVIG group, seven (21%) in the ET group and nine (41%) in the control group (p>0.05). IgG levels rose significantly 12 hours after administration of IVIG (p<0.01). There were no differences between the initial and 24-hour IgG levels in the IVIG group. IgG levels did not change significantly in the ET and control groups. IgM levels rose significantly 12 hours after ET and elevated IgM levels persisted for over 24 hours.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2006

The role of cord blood IGF-I levels in preterm osteopenia.

OBJECTIVE: Osteopenia is a frequent condition in preterm infants. This prospective study was designed to assess the relationship between cord blood insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels and bone mineralization in healthy premature infants. METHODS: Twenty preterm infants (ten males and ten females) were studied. We determined the bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of healthy premature infants by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and also studied the correlation between IGF-I and other parameters and the influence of cord blood IGF-I concentrations on bone mineralization in these infants. RESULTS: The mean concentration of IGF-I was 13.6 +/- 16.9 ng/ml and BMD and BMC were 0.249 +/- 0.06 g/cm2 and 3.09 +/- 1.18 g, respectively. Cord serum levels of IGF-I had significantly positive correlations with BMD (r = 0.605, p = 0.008), but not BMC (r = 0.242, p = 0.367). In stepwise regression analysis, IGF-I emerged as a significant predictor of BMD (beta = 0.595, p = 0.015) contributing to 35.4% of its variability. CONCLUSION: We found a relationship between cord blood IGF-I and BMD in preterm neonates, suggesting that even within an unremarkable population, IGF-I might be important to ensuring bone health.

Bone Density↗