Biomedical subjects

Sergio Antonio Draibe

Publications and source records attributed to Sergio Antonio Draibe.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Is energy intake underestimated in nondialyzed chronic kidney disease patients?

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether energy intake of nondialyzed chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is underestimated. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Outpatient clinic of the Federal University of Sao Paulo, Oswaldo Ramos Foundation. PATIENTS: One hundred and thirty-one nondialyzed CKD patients (86 male, 66%; body mass index [BMI] 26 +/- 4.21, mean +/- standard deviation) were included. Body weight change was evaluated after 6 to 12 months in 59 patients of the entire group. METHODS: Energy intake was evaluated using 4-day food diaries (3 weekdays and 1 weekend day), and resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured by indirect calorimetry. The ratio of energy intake to REE (EI/REE) was used to evaluate the accuracy of the recorded energy intake. An EI/REE ratio below 1.27 was used to identify patients who were underreporting their current energy intake. RESULTS: The majority of the patients reported an energy intake substantially below the recommendation (22.4 +/- 7.15 kcal/kg/d) and had an EI/REE ratio lower than 1.27. In patients with a BMI >or= 25, the mean EI/REE ratio was significantly lower than that of patients with a BMI < 25 (1.01 +/- 0.28 versus 1.27 +/- 0.42, P < .01, respectively). In addition, only in the group with higher BMI was the mean ratio indicative of underreporting. When the body weight of a subgroup of patients (n = 59) was evaluated after 7.9 +/- 2.4 months, it was observed that the subgroup of patients who maintained or gained body weight had a mean EI/REE not compatible with this condition (1.13 +/- 0.38). The low ratio, despite increasing or maintaining body weight, is highly suggestive of underreported energy intake. CONCLUSION: Energy intake of nondialyzed CKD patients seemed to be underestimated and was more pronounced in overweight and obese patients.

Body Mass Index↗

PubMed2004

Decreased resting energy expenditure in non-dialysed chronic kidney disease patients.

BACKGROUND: Non-dialysed chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients may have altered resting energy expenditure (REE) because of the important metabolic functions of the kidneys. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether REE in clinically stable, non-diabetic and non-dialysed CKD patients with no clinical signs of inflammation, was different from that of gender and age pair-matched healthy controls. Subjects and methods. REE in 45 patients (20 male and 25 female; age 44.9 +/- 11.7 years; mean +/- SD) and 45 healthy individuals (20 male and 25 female; age 44.6 +/- 11.5 years) was measured by indirect calorimetry after a 12-h fast. In both groups, body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance. Glomerular filtration rate was assessed by creatinine clearance only in the CKD patients. RESULTS: The mean creatinine clearance and serum creatinine of the CKD patients were 29.1 +/- 14.6 ml/min/1.73 m(2) and 3.48 +/- 2.48 mg/dl, respectively. Body fat (BF) and lean body mass (LBM) were similar between the two groups (CKD patients: BF 28.6 +/- 11.3%, LBM 46.9+/-10.0 kg; and healthy individuals: BF 28.1 +/- 7.54%, LBM 49.5 +/- 10.5 kg). REE of CKD patients was significantly lower than that of healthy individuals (1325 +/- 206 vs 1448 +/- 258 kcal/day; P = 0.01, respectively) even after adjusting for LBM by multiple regression analysis. In fact, the presence of chronic renal insufficiency reduced REE by 103.2 kcal/day (P = 0.02; 95% confidence interval (-15.9; 190.5)). CONCLUSION: REE of clinically stable non-dialysed, non-diabetic patients in stages 2-5 of CKD was lower than that of age and gender pair-matched healthy individuals. Although the cause of reduced REE was unclear, it may be related to decreased food intake and to metabolic disturbances inherent with deterioration of renal function. Further studies will be necessary to clarify this issue.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Assessment of body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, skinfold thickness and creatinine kinetics in chronic kidney disease patients.

BACKGROUND: Finding a method that can be routinely used to assess body composition with minimum error is still a challenge for those who work with chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. This study aimed to compare the value of two surrogate techniques, skinfold thickness (SKF) and creatinine kinetics (CK) with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) as the reference method for measuring body fat and fat-free mass in non-dialysed CKD patients. METHODS: The body fat and fat-free mass of 50 non-dialysed CKD patients (38 male, 12 female) were measured by DEXA and compared with measurements obtained by SKF and CK. RESULTS: The mean values of body fat and fat-free mass obtained by SKF and CK differed significantly from measurements made by DEXA. The intra-class correlation coefficient (r) for body fat between SKF and DEXA (r = 0.74) and between CK and DEXA (r = 0.47) indicated a moderate degree of reproducibility. A Bland and Altman plot analysis showed a better agreement between SKF and DEXA [5.8 +/- 3.9% (-2.0 to 13.6)] than between CK and DEXA [8.8 +/- 8.8% (-8.8 to 26.4)]. Regarding fat-free mass, the intra-class correlation coefficient (r) between SKF and DEXA (r = 0.85) indicated a good degree of reproducibility, while that between SKF and CK (r = 0.57) indicated a moderate degree of reproducibility. The Bland and Altman plot analysis for fat-free mass showed that DEXA agreed better with SKF [-3.1 +/- 3.4 kg (-9.9 to 3.7)] than with CK [-5.5 +/- 6.4 kg (-18.2 to 7.3)]. CONCLUSION: Skinfold thickness seems to be the method of choice for evaluating body fat. The limitations inherent to DEXA in evaluating fat-free mass makes it difficult to designate an alternate method of choice for assessing this body compartment.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗

PubMed2004

Resting energy expenditure of chronic kidney disease patients: influence of renal function and subclinical inflammation.

BACKGROUND: The resting energy expenditure (REE) of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) might be influenced by the degree of renal function and by a subclinical inflammatory condition. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of these 2 variables on the REE of patients with CKD. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed on 91 nondialyzed and nondiabetic patients with CKD with no clinical signs of inflammation. Patients were divided into quartiles of creatinine clearance (CrCl) and tertiles of C-reactive protein (CRP) level. REE was measured by means of indirect calorimetry, and the presence of a subclinical inflammatory condition was assessed by means of serum CRP concentration. RESULTS: CrCl interquartile ranges calculated were: quartile 1 (CrCl < or = 18 mL/min [< or =0.30 mL/s]; n = 24); quartile 2 (CrCl, 19 to 29 mL/min [0.31 to 0.48 mL/s]; n = 22); quartile 3 (CrCl, 30 to 42 mL/min [0.49 to 0.70 mL/s]; n = 23), and quartile 4 (CrCl > or = 43 mL/min [> or =0.71 mL/s]; n = 22). Nonadjusted REE and REE adjusted for sex, age, and lean body mass did not differ among the 4 CrCl quartiles. The following ranges were calculated for CRP tertiles: tertile 1 (CRP < or = 0.14 mg/dL; n = 30), tertile 2 (CRP, 0.15 to 0.49 mg/dL; n = 31), and tertile 3 (CRP > or = 0.50 mg/dL; n = 30). The nonadjusted REE in CRP tertile 3 was significantly greater than those in tertiles 1 and 2. REE adjusted for sex, age, and lean body mass was greater in CRP tertile 3 than tertile 1, a difference equivalent to 123.7 kcal/d (P = 0.003; 95% confidence interval, 42.9 to 204.5). A borderline difference was observed between CRP tertiles 3 and 2. When analyzing the entire group, REE did not correlate with either serum creatinine level or CrCl, and a borderline correlation between REE and log of CRP was observed (r = 0.19; P = 0.07). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that REE is not influenced by degree of renal function, but it may be elevated during a condition of subclinical inflammation.

Chronic Disease↗

PubMed2003

Is serum albumin a marker of nutritional status in hemodialysis patients without evidence of inflammation?

Hypoalbuminemia, a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients, can be a consequence of a combination of malnutrition and inflammatory reactions. The purpose of this study was to analyze serum albumin as a marker of nutritional status in maintenance hemodialysis patients with no signs of inflammation. In a cross-sectional study, we selected 40 stable hemodialysis patients with normal levels of C-reactive protein (<0.8 mg/dL). The patients were classified as well nourished (65%) or malnourished (35%) according to the subjective global assessment. No significant differences were observed in serum albumin concentrations (immunoturbidimetric method) between well-nourished (4.3 +/- 0.3 g/dL) and malnourished (4.0 +/- 0.5 g/dL) patients, and the mean values were within the normal range in both groups. Albumin was inversely correlated with age (n=40; r=-0.32; P=0.02) and directly with energy intake (n=28; r=0.43; P=0.04). In this study, serum albumin did not discriminate well-nourished and malnourished hemodialysis patients without evidence of inflammation.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

A model for improving quality in nephrology settings.

Continuous quality improvement (CQI) programs have been instituted in many health care organizations over the last decade. PDCA, a tool composed of planning (P), doing (D), checking (C), and acting (A), has proved to be very useful in the CQI problem-solving process. The use of the PDCA tool described in this article resulted in the successful resolution of a hepatitis B outbreak in a Brazilian hemodialysis population and can serve as a model methodology for improving care in nephrology settings.

Brazil↗