Biomedical subjects

Seung Jo Kim

Publications and source records attributed to Seung Jo Kim.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Differential expression profiling of genes in a complete hydatidiform mole using cDNA microarray analysis.

OBJECTIVES: To gain a better understanding of the genes involved in the pathogenesis of gestational trophoblastic diseases, we evaluated the genome-wide expression levels of genes in complete hydatidiform mole (H-mole) as compared to normal placenta using cDNA microarray technique. METHODS: The expression profiles of complete H-mole tissues were compared with those of normal placenta using cDNA microarray technique. The data obtained from 10,305 human genes were normalized by the print-tip-based LOWESS method. Significance analysis of microarray (SAM) was used to identify genes with statistically significant changes in expression. The expression levels of genes which showed significant differences between normal early placenta and complete H-mole tissues were further confirmed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: A cDNA microarray analysis consisting of 10,305 human genes revealed significant changes in the expression of 213 genes, with 91 genes being upregulated and 122 being downregulated. SAM revealed significant changes in gene expression, including those associated with signal transduction, cell structure, transcription, and apoptosis. Further RT-PCR analysis of altered gene expression in mole tissues supported the microarray analysis results. We confirmed the upregulation of TLE4, CAPZA1, PRSS25, RNF130, and USP1 in complete H-mole tissues. Moreover, our study provides the first evidence that ELK3, LAMA3, LNK, STAT2, and TNFRSF25 are downregulated in complete H-mole compared to normal early placenta tissues. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide a large body of information regarding gene expression profiles associated with complete H-mole tumorigenesis and allow the identification of potential targets for tumor prevention or therapy.

DNA, Complementary↗

PubMed2004

Effects of intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy in ovarian cancer.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical effect of intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy (IPHC) in ovarian cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 117 stages Ic-III ovarian cancer patients, who were diagnosed at the Gynecology Department of Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital between January 1994 and January 2000. Of these, 57 patients underwent cytoreductive surgery (conventional treatment) with IPHC and 60 patients (control group) underwent conventional treatment only. IPHC consisted of administering a mixture of 350 mg/m(2) of carboplatin and 5,000,000 IU/m(2) of interferon-alpha, and maintaining the intraperitoneal temperature at 43-44 degrees C during surgery. RESULTS: The overall 5-year survival rate was 58.6%; that of the IPHC group was 63.4% vs. 52.8% in the control group, with significantly higher survival in the IPHC group (P = 0.0078). Considering stage III ovarian cancer patients only (n = 74), the survival rate was 53.8% in the IPHC group (n = 35) and 33.3% in the control group (n = 39) and was significantly higher in the IPHC group (P = 0.0015). For stage III ovarian cancer patients whose tumor was reduced to less than 1 cm during a second procedure (n = 53), the 5-year survival rate was 65.6% in patients who underwent IPHC (n = 26) and 40.7% in the control patients (n = 27) (P = 0.0046). IPHC was an independent prognostic factor that was not affected by surgical staging, tumor size after second surgery, or patient age, according to a multivariate analysis (Hazard ratio = 0.496, P = 0.0176). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that IPHC is a promising new treatment modality in ovarian cancer.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Enhanced immunogenicity of DNA fusion vaccine encoding secreted hepatitis B surface antigen and chemokine RANTES.

To increase the potency of DNA vaccines, we constructed genetic fusion vaccines encoding antigen, secretion signal, and/or chemokine RANTES. The DNA vaccines encoding secreted hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were constructed by inserting HBsAg gene into an expression vector with an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeting secretory signal sequence. The plasmid encoding secretory HBsAg (pER/HBs) was fused to cDNA of RANTES, generating pER/HBs/R. For comparison, HBsAg genes were cloned into pVAX1 vector with no signal sequence (pHBs), and further linked to the N-terminus of RANTES (pHBs/R). Immunofluorescence study showed the cytoplasmic localization of HBsAg protein expressed from pHBs and pHBs/R, but not from pER/HBs and pER/HBs/R at 48 h after transfection. In mice, RANTES-fused DNA vaccines more effectively elicited the levels of HBsAg-specific IgG antibodies than pHBs. All the DNA vaccines induced higher levels of IgG(2a) rather than IgG(1) antibodies. Of RANTES-fused vaccines, pER/HBs/R encoding the secreted fusion protein revealed much higher humoral and CD8(+) T cell-stimulating responses compared to pHBs/R. These results suggest that the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines could be enhanced by genetic fusion to a secretory signal peptide sequence and RANTES.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Correlation of cervical carcinoma and precancerous lesions with human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes detected with the HPV DNA chip microarray method.

BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is considered to play an important role in the development of cervical carcinoma, and it is known that certain HPV types, such as HPV-16 and HPV-18, are highly associated with cervical carcinoma. However, the pathologic behavior of other HPV types remains unclear. Recently, a new HPV detection technique, the HPV DNA chip, was introduced. The HPV DNA chip harbors 22 HPV probes and has the advantage of being able to detect 22 HPV types simultaneously. To evaluate the quality of the HPV DNA chip method and to identify HPV types related to cervical carcinoma and precancerous lesions, the authors performed HPV typing in cervical specimens from 1983 patients and compared their cytologic and histologic diagnoses. METHODS: The HPV DNA chip was used for HPV typing. Among 1983 patients who were tested for HPV types, cervical smear cytology was performed in 1650 patients, and 677 of those patients underwent cervical biopsy. RESULTS: Among the 1650 smears that were examined cytologically, 92.7% (114 of 123 smears) of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs), 98.1% (106 of 108 smears) of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs), and 96.3% (51 of 53 smears) of carcinomas were HPV positive, compared with only 35.1% of smears with normal cytology that were HPV positive. HPV-16 was the most prevalent type (chi-square test; P < 0.01) in LSILs (28.5%), in HSILs (51.9%), and in carcinomas (62.5%) followed by HPV-58 and a group of low-risk types (HPV-6, HPV-11, HPV-34, HPV-40, HPV-42, HPV-43,and HPV-44) in LSILs. HPV-58 (15.7%), HPV-18 (6.7%), and HPV-52 (4.6%) were the next most prevalent types after HPV-16 in HSILs. HPV-18 (11.4%) and HPV-58 (11.4%) were the second most common types in carcinomas. HPV-58 had the highest positive predictive value (54.9%) for the detection of histologically confirmed HSIL or carcinoma, whereas HPV 16 had the highest negative predictive value (80.6%). The sensitivity (96.0%) of the HPV test using the DNA chip method for detecting HSIL or carcinoma was superior compared with the sensitivity of cytologic diagnosis (83.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The HPV DNA chip provides a very sensitive method for detecting 22 HPV genotypes with reasonable sensitivity (96.0%) and reasonable negative predictive value (96.9%), and it overcomes the low sensitivity of cytologic screening for the detection of HSIL or carcinoma. HPV-58, HPV-52, and HPV-56, as well as HPV-16 and HPV-18, were associated highly with HSIL and carcinoma in the current large series. In addition, multiple HPV infection was associated less frequently with cervical carcinoma and with precancerous lesions compared with normal cytology.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Placental site trophoblastic tumour.

Placental site trophoblastic tumour (PSTT) is a very rare and unique form of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). This tumour represents a neoplastic transformation of intermediate trophoblastic cells that normally play a critical role in implantation. PSTT can occur after a normal pregnancy, abortion, term delivery, ectopic pregnancy or molar pregnancy. It displays a wide clinical spectrum, and when metastatic, can be difficult to control even with surgery and chemotherapy. Unlike other forms of GTD, PSTT is characterized by low beta-hCG levels because it is a neoplastic proliferation of intermediate trophoblastic cells. Expression, however, of human placental lactogen (hPL) is increased on histologic section as well as in the serum. The most common presenting symptoms of PSTT are vaginal bleeding and amenorrhoea. Diagnosis is confirmed by dilatation and curettage (D and E) and hysterectomy but meticulous evaluation of metastasis is mandatory. Most cases are confined to the uterus but pelvic involvement, lung and other organ metastasis has been reported. Unlike other forms of GTD, the WHO prognostic score is of little help. For the PSTT patient, surgery is the primary treatment of choice. For patients desiring future childbearing, D and C and adjuvant chemotherapy is an option. Because these tumours tend to be less sensitive than other types of GTD to chemotherapy, the most successful regimen to date has been with EMA/CO or EMA/EP. Good prognosis is anticipated in cases localized to the uterus, and when the interval between antecedent pregnancy and treatment is less than 2 years. In cases with distant metastasis or delayed treatment, the outcome is dismal. Advances in chemotherapeutic regimens have improved clinical reponse in metastatic disease.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

IMUP-1 and IMUP-2 genes are up-regulated in human ovarian epithelial tumors.

BACKGROUND: Normal cells lose their ability to divide after a finite number of cell divisions. Under the influence of Simian virus 40 (SV 40) large T-antigen, which interacts with the cell cycle regulators p53 and pRb, cells enter a phase of an extended pre-immortalized cells. Immortalization-up-regulated protein 1 (IMUP-1) and immortalization-up-regulated protein 2 (IMUP-2) genes have been recently cloned and are known to be involved in SV40-mediated immortalization. However, the roles of IMUP-1 and IMUP-2 are not known in human ovarian epithelial tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study was performed to determine mRNA expression and intracellular localization of the IMUP-1 and IMUP-2 in ovarian epithelial tumors by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining using human IMUP-1 and IMUP-2 monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: IMUP-1 (4.0-fold) and IMUP-2 (2.4-fold) mRNA expression in ovarian epithelial tumors were significantly higher than in normal ovarian tissues (p < 0.05). The mRNAs of IMUP-1 and IMUP-2 in the ovarian cancer cell lines were about 4.9- and 2.9-fold compared to the normal ovarian cell line, respectively. The subcellular expression of these two proteins in immunohistochemical stains was detected mainly in the nucleus of tumor cells, whereas adjacent normal ovarian stromal cells were faintly or negatively stained with these proteins. However, the staining intensity of IMUP-1 and IMUP-2 in ovarian epithelial tumors were not different between histological types or grades. CONCLUSION: These results showed the up-regulation of IMUP-1 and IMUP-2 in human ovarian epithelial tumors and suggested that the altered mRNA level of these molecules is possibly associated with ovarian tumorigenesis.

Carcinoma↗