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Biomedical subjects

Shan Liu

Publications and source records attributed to Shan Liu.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Chemical and sensory profiling of fermented, washed, and artificially flavored coffee beans: Insights into flavour quality, authenticity, and food safety implications.

This study establishes an integrated framework combining chemical profiling, sensory analysis, and molecular mechanism evaluation to compare flavour quality and authenticity among fermented, washed, and artificially flavored coffees. GC&#xa0;&#xd7;&#xa0;GC-TOF-MS and UHPLC-HRMS showed that fermented samples had markedly higher ester and aromatic alcohol levels (total esters 74.5&#xa0;&#xb1;&#xa0;7.8&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg-1; phenylethanol 27.5&#xa0;&#xb1;&#xa0;3.2&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg-1, p&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.01), enhancing fruity-floral notes. Washed coffees contained the highest organic acid concentrations (45.2&#xa0;&#xb1;&#xa0;3.8&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg-1, p&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.01), supporting brightness and umami. Artificially flavored coffees exhibited elevated exogenous aromatics (vanillin 21.5&#xa0;&#xb1;&#xa0;3.1&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg-1) but significantly fewer Maillard products (p&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.05) and reduced flavour retention (55% after 14 days). Molecular docking revealed higher theoretical binding affinities for naturally generated compounds, suggesting a potential molecular basis for their greater sensory persistence. The framework supports constructing coffee quality fingerprints and verifying flavour authenticity.

Flavoring Agents↗
PubMed2026

Development and application of a fast and efficient CRISPR/Cas12f -based genetic toolkit in Bacillus cereus GW-01.

Bacillus cereus GW-01, an efficient degrader of &#x3b2;-cypermethrin (&#x3b2;-CY), has a high safety profile and probiotic potential for regulating intestinal flora and fermented foods, which is difficult to genetically engineer for modification due to its restrictive modification system. This study successfully developed a CRISPR/enCas12f-based genome editing system, first selecting the plcR gene for proof-of-concept validation with 100% knockout efficiency. Subsequently, this system was utilized to delete the virulence gene nheABC in GW-01, yielding a safer probiotic strain. Compared with the wild-type strain GW-01, the probiotic-related indicators of the &#x394;nheABC mutant, including cell surface hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation ability and biofilm formation ability, were 80%, 90% and 2.9 (OD&#x2085;&#x2089;&#x2085;), respectively. There were no significant differences in these indicators between the mutant and the wild type. Meanwhile, the &#x394;nheABC mutant still maintained a high &#x3b2;-cypermethrin degradation efficiency of 80% at the concentration of 30&#xa0;&#x3bc;g/mL. This work facilitates functional genomic research and genetic modification of Bacillus cereus GW-01. The established CRISPR/enCas12f system enables targeted gene deletion to explore gene functions and phenotypic mechanisms, and paves the way for its development into safe probiotics and excellent microbial chassis.

Bacillus cereus↗
PubMed2026

Physical therapy for urinary incontinence in older women: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Urinary incontinence is highly prevalent among older women, affecting more than one-third of this population and significantly impairing quality of life, independence, and healthcare utilization. Older women often present with complex needs that may require broader rehabilitation strategies. METHODS: This systematic review evaluated randomized controlled trials of physical therapy interventions for urinary incontinence in older women. PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched to October 2025. Eligible studies included women &#x2265;60 years and assessed interventions such as Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), bladder training, Yoga, Pilates, general resistance training, electrical stimulation, or multimodal programs. Methodological quality was appraised using the PEDro scale, and random-effects meta-analysis was performed where appropriate. RESULTS: Twenty studies involving 2002 women across 13 countries were included. Eleven trials were rated as good quality and nine as fair. Meta-analysis demonstrated that PFMT significantly reduced urinary incontinence severity compared with usual care (SMD = -1.27, 95% CI: -2.18 to -0.36, p = 0.006). Multimodal programs combining PFMT with mobility, strength, or fall-prevention training also showed significant benefits (SMD = -0.98, 95% CI: -1.60 to -0.36, p = 0.002). Comparative studies indicated that PFMT was similarly effective to Yoga and Pilates, while adjuncts such as general resistance training or tibial nerve stimulation provided additional improvements. CONCLUSION: Physical therapy interventions, particularly PFMT and multimodal programs, are effective in reducing urinary incontinence severity and improving functional outcomes among older women. These findings support prioritizing physical therapy as an important management strategy, with multimodal approaches offering added value for enhancing functional independence and fall prevention.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

Effective induction of type 1 cytotoxic T cell responses in mice with DNA vaccine encoding two hepatitis C virus cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes.

The aims of this study were to explain whether a multiple cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope-based anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) DNA vaccine can induce specific CTL responses to each HCV CTL epitope independently and long-term CD8(+) T cell memory responses, and to determine the cytokine secretion pattern and subtype of epitope-specific cytotoxic T cells. A multi-CTL epitope gene, which consists of two epitopes of HCV (H-2(d)-restricted HCV core(133142) and E1(315322)), was cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1. BALB/c mice (H-2(d) restricted) were vaccinated intramuscularly with this multi-CTL epitope-based DNA vaccine. The epitope-specific CTLs against target cells (P815,H-2(d) restricted) pulsed with various CTL epitope peptides were detected by lactate dehydrogenase release assay, and the precursor frequency of epitope-specific CTLs was determined by limiting dilution analysis. Cytokines (interleukin [IL]-2, IL-4, and interferon-) in culture supernatants were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The multi-CTL epitope-based DNA vaccine directed against two HCV CTL epitopes could induce specific CTL responses to each of the two CTL epitopes independently and long-term CD8(+) T cell memory responses. The epitope-specific cytotoxic T cells produced helper T cell type 1 cytokines. This work demonstrated that multiepitope DNA vaccination is a potential strategy to control HCV infection.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Decreased expression of the human carbonyl reductase 2 gene HCR2 in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Altered gene expression was associated with the induction and maintenance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To determine the significance of HCR2 in HCC, here we compare the expression levels of HCR2 in carcinoma and in paired non-carcinoma tissues using semiquantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemical staining. The expression ratio (ER) of HCR2 between the tumor and paired tumor-free tissues was calculated for each case and the data was clinicopathologically analyzed. The expression of HCR2 mRNA was found to be significantly decreased in HCC tissues compared with paired normal tissues (P < 0.001). HCR2 was downregulated in 58% (n = 22) of 38 HCC patients. The ER of HCR2 was higher in Edmondson's grade I/II carcinomas than that in Edmondson's grade III/IV carcinomas (P < 0.05). Western blot analysis showed HCR2 to be notably depressed in carcinoma tissues in 3 out of 4 HCC patients. Immunohistochemical staining indicated most HCR2 protein accumulated in non-carcinoma cells. These results suggested that altered HCR2 expression might play roles in the carcinogenesis and progression of HCC, and it could be a clinical marker for prognosis, and a molecular target for screening potential anti-HCC drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Epidemiological study of clinical characteristics of Chinese Han ethnic women with polycystic ovary syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To carry out an epidemiological study of clinical characteristics of Chinese Han ethnic women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: According to Revised 2003 European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology/American Society for Reproductive Medicine criteria, PCOS can be diagnosed with 2 manifestations out of oligo-or anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism exclusion of other etiologies and polycystic ovaries. One thousand and twenty-seven women in reproductive age from one area in Jinan city were investigated and the clinical, metabolic characteristics of the PCOS patients were analyzed. RESULTS: (1) A total of 828 questionnaires were collected from 1027 women; the response rate was 80.62%. Eighty-five PCOS patients were diagnosed; PCOS accounted for 97.65% (83/85) in <or= 35 years old population groups; (2) Clinical manifestations were different between PCOS groups and controls in each age stage (P < 0.05); Menstruation, body hair Ferriman-Gallny (F-G) score, acne, ovarian follicle numbers decreased with aging among PCOS groups, and menstruation cycle was longer, testosterone (T), free androgen index (FAI) and ovarian follicle numbers were higher, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) was lower than control groups of the same age respectively (P < 0.01); (3) Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (Homa-IR) index in infertility PCOS group was higher than in fertility group (1.49 +/- 0.73 vs 1.31 +/- 0.66; t = 2.058; P < 0.05); fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose in obesity PCOS group was higher than in non-obesity group (8.50 +/- 3.46 vs 5.7 +/- 2.3, t = 2.984; P < 0.01, 5.45 +/- 0.54 vs 4.88 +/- 0.45, t = 2.891; P < 0.01), in contrast, insulin sensitivity index was lower in obesity PCOS group than in non-obesity group (0.025 +/- 0.015 vs 0.044 +/- 0.026; t = 2.292, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: (1) PCOS mainly distributes in <or= 35 years old population; (2) clinical manifestations of oligo-ovulation, clinical and/or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries of PCOS change with age increase. (3) PCOS with infertility and obesity is usually associated with glucose metabolic changes, especially insulin resistance.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Quantum chemistry study on fluorescence spectra of three flavonoid compounds].

A theoretical study on three flavonoid compounds by semi-empirical method is presented in the present paper. Their geometric configurations were optimized by the semi-empirical method RHF/PM3. For all the optimal configurations, there is no imaginary frequency in vibrational analyses. On this basis, the electronic spectra were calculated by CIS method. All the calculated results are basically consistent with experimental values.

Flavonoids↗
PubMed2006

[Analysis of modifying polymer in the modified asphaltum waterproof membrane].

The waterproof roller sheet of modified asphaltum is extensively used in many waterproof constructions. The modified asphaltum by polymer is of good performance, such as cold-resistant, high intension etc. In the present paper, the modifying polymer was seperated from the waterproof membrane of modified asphaltum. The structure of the modifying polymer was identified by IR, 13C NMR, and Py-GC/MS. The results show that the polymers are SBS and polyisobutylene.

English Abstract↗
PubMed2006

[Quantum chemistry study on fluorescence spectra of four flavonoid compounds].

The semi-empirical method PHF/PM3 of quantum chemistry was used for studying the fluorescence spectra of four flavonoid compounds. Firstly, the geometries of these four compounds were optimized by energy gradient method. The results show that in these four copmounds, the two six-membered rings on the left are in the same plane, but these are different torsion angles between this plane and the benzene-ring plane on the right. Secondly, vibrational analyses were performed for the four optimized configurations. There is no imaginary frequency in vibrational analyses. This indicates that the optimized configurations are essentially reasonable. Finally, on this basis, the electronic spectra were calculated by CIS method. All the calculated results are basically consistent with experimental values.

Flavonoids↗
PubMed2005

Creation of an online collection of emergency medicine literature.

Residents and medical students are challenged to incorporate the latest medical literature into their clinical practice. However, retrieving influential articles in a timely manner can be difficult. To address this, the authors created a collection of influential primary research literature relevant to the practice of emergency medicine. The authors surveyed local experts as to the most influential articles in their area of expertise and then linked articles in the literature collection to full-text versions available through the medical school's digital library. A total of 154 articles were included in the literature collection. These were organized into 23 subject headings and 23 subheadings. Fifty-two residents were surveyed one month after the collection became available; 18 residents (35%) had used the literature collection at that time. An online collection has several advantages: it makes the most relevant literature immediately available during clinical care and allows residents to elaborate on their own knowledge when clinical problems arise. It also can be easily updated and password protected. Similar collections may be developed for use in other educational settings.

Bibliometrics↗
PubMed2005

[Oxidative stress induced by NaAsO2 in HaCaT cells].

OBJECTIVE: To study the level of oxidative stress induced by sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) in HaCaT cells. METHODS: The AlamarBlue assay was used to evaluate the viability of HaCaT. The level of ROS was detected by staining. cells with DCFH-DA. The contents of reduced (GSH) and oxidated (GSSG) glutathione were detected with the fluorescent method. The apoptosis and necrosis rates were counted based on the PI staining. RESULTS: The reduction of AlamarBlue increased in the cells treated at dose of 0.001 -1 micromol/L NaAsO2 and decreased in the cells treated at doses of over 10 micromol/L NaAsO2. The fluorescent density of DCF significantly increased in all experimental groups, the contents of GSH and GSSG increased in groups higher than that of 1 micromol/L and higher than that of 5 micromol/L respectively. The apoptosis and necrosis rates were increased markedly at dose of 20 micromol/L. CONCLUSION: Arsenic could induce enhancive ROS in HaCaT. At low levels of arsenic the proliferation of HaCaT was stimulated while at high levels of arsenic was inhibited. The increase in contents of GSH and GSSG could be associated with the excessive ROS and with detoxification in HaCaT.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed2004

[Effect of cigarette smoke solution on viability of rat lymphocytes and the intervention of antioxidants].

OBJECTIVE: To learn the effect of cigarette smoke solution (CSS) on viability of rat lymphocytes and the intervention of antioxidants. METHODS: CSS was prepared by bubbling main-stream cigarette smoke into PBS, then 0.1 x 10(-3) cig/ml, 2 x 10(-3) cig/ml, 4 x 10(-3) cig/ml, 8 x 10(-3) cig/ml, 12 x 10(-3) cig/ml, 16 x 10(-3) cig/ml CSS were added into 7 groups of rat lymphocytes respectively. Alamar blue was added to each group 2 hours later, and after another 4 hours reduction rate of Alamar blue was detected and used to evaluate viability of cells. Otherwise, pretreated with vitamin C (VC), vitamin E(VE), glutathione(GSH), melatonin(MLT) or dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO), cells were treated with 8 x 10(-3) cig/ml CSS and reduction rates of Alamar blue were detected as before. RESULTS: Alamar blue reduction rates in 2 x 10(-3) cig/ml - 16 x 10(-3) cig/ml groups were lower than that of control significantly, and there was a dose-effect relationship. Also, Alamar blue reduction rates increased in CSS-groups pretreated with 0.05 mmol/LVC, 0.2 mmol/LVE, 0.1 mmol/LMLT, 1 mmol/LGSH or 1% DMSO. CONCLUSION: Viability of rat lymphocytes decreased in the presence of CSS, and it could be antagonised by antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, glutathione, melatonin and dimethyl sulfoxide.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Interface pattern formation in nonlinear dissipative systems.

The problem of interface pattern selection in nonlinear dissipative systems is critical in many fields of science, occurring in physical, chemical and biological systems. One of the simplest pattern formations is the Saffman-Taylor finger pattern that forms when a viscous fluid is displaced by a less viscous fluid. Such finger-shaped patterns have been observed in distinctly different fields of science (hydrodynamics, combustion and crystal growth) and this has led to a search for a unified concept of pattern formation, as first proposed by the classic work of D'arcy Thomson. Two-dimensional finger-shaped patterns, observed in flame fronts and the ensembled average shape of the diffusion-limited aggregation pattern, have been shown to be similar to Saffman-Taylor finger shapes. Here we present experimental studies that establish that the cell shapes formed during directional solidification of alloys can be described by the form of the Saffman-Taylor finger shape equation when a second phase is present in the intercellular region.

Alloys↗
PubMed2002

[Study on the difference in DNA damage of human lymphocyte caused by arsenicals].

OBJECTIVE: To explore whether there is difference in arsenicals-induced DNA damage of human lymphocyte. METHODS: Lymphocyte were sterilely collected from healthy donor and exposed to sodium arsenite (AsIII), sodium arsenate(AsV) and methyl sodium arsenate(MAsv) at 1,5,10,20 and 50 mumol/L. After incubation of 24 hours, cells were collected by centrifugation and DNA damage was detected by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE). RESULTS: The comet frequency distribution of all groups except 1 mumol/L group of MAsV were significantly different from that of control. The comet length of all groups except 1 mumol/L group of AsV and 1.5 mumol/L groups of MAsV were significantly higher than that of control. There were correlations between the doses of arsenicals and the ratios of comet cell or length of comet(rAsIII = 0.8134, rAsV = 0.8734, rMAsV = 0.8994). CONCLUSION: DNA damage in human lymphocyte were induced by all the three arsenicals. A dose-effect relationship was observed between exposure doses of the same arsenical and DNA damage. With different arsenicals but the same exposure dose, the DNA damage level was as follow: AsIII > AsV > MAsV.

Arsenates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quality of life and coping styles in Chinese nasopharyngeal cancer patients after hospitalization.

The objective of the study was to describe the quality of life (QOL) and coping style of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients after hospitalization and to explore the relationship between coping style and health-related QOL of NPC patients. A descriptive correlational design was used in this study. Ninety-eight NPC patients were investigated by a convenient sampling method. Three instruments were employed for data collection. Demographic Information Sheet was used to collect the subjects' demographic characteristics. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck (FACT-H & N) was used to measure health-related QOL. The Jalowiec Coping Scale (JCS) was used to measure coping styles. Descriptive analysis and Spearman correlation analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 10.0. Data collection was done from September 2002 to December 2002. The standard score of FACT-H & N for subjects was 67.83%. Patients scored lowest on the Head and Neck subscale. With a mean score of 2.09 +/- 0.53, patient scored the "optimistic" highest on JCS. Some other coping styles scored were "self-reliant"(1.68 +/- 0.49), "palliative" (1.51 +/- 0.60), "emotive"(0.84 +/- 0.59), "fatalistic"(0.92 +/- 0.70), and "evasive"(1.27 +/- 0.44). There were positive correlations between "optimistic," "palliative," and QOL; the coefficient r were 0.456 and 0.324, respectively. There were negative correlations between "emotive," "fatalistic," "evasive," and QOL; the coefficient r were -0.465, -0.427, and -0.271, respectively. No significant correlations were found among "confrontative," "self-reliant," "supportive," and QOL, P > .05. The adverse effects of radiation remain the major problems that affect the health-related QOL of NPC patients posttherapy. Positive emotion-focused coping styles were positively correlated to QOL, and negative emotion-focused ones negatively correlated. Problem-focused coping styles were not statistically correlated to QOL among NPC patients posttherapy. The findings of this study suggest that nurses need to pay attention to the QOL of NPC patients posttherapy, including appropriate education to minimize ongoing adverse effects and support the use of effective coping styles.

Adaptation, Psychological↗