Biomedical subjects

Shan Liu

Publications and source records attributed to Shan Liu.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2026

Chemical and sensory profiling of fermented, washed, and artificially flavored coffee beans: Insights into flavour quality, authenticity, and food safety implications.

This study establishes an integrated framework combining chemical profiling, sensory analysis, and molecular mechanism evaluation to compare flavour quality and authenticity among fermented, washed, and artificially flavored coffees. GC × GC-TOF-MS and UHPLC-HRMS showed that fermented samples had markedly higher ester and aromatic alcohol levels (total esters 74.5 ± 7.8 mg kg-1; phenylethanol 27.5 ± 3.2 mg kg-1, p < 0.01), enhancing fruity-floral notes. Washed coffees contained the highest organic acid concentrations (45.2 ± 3.8 mg kg-1, p < 0.01), supporting brightness and umami. Artificially flavored coffees exhibited elevated exogenous aromatics (vanillin 21.5 ± 3.1 mg kg-1) but significantly fewer Maillard products (p < 0.05) and reduced flavour retention (55% after 14 days). Molecular docking revealed higher theoretical binding affinities for naturally generated compounds, suggesting a potential molecular basis for their greater sensory persistence. The framework supports constructing coffee quality fingerprints and verifying flavour authenticity.

Flavoring Agents↗

PubMed2026

Development and application of a fast and efficient CRISPR/Cas12f -based genetic toolkit in Bacillus cereus GW-01.

Bacillus cereus GW-01, an efficient degrader of β-cypermethrin (β-CY), has a high safety profile and probiotic potential for regulating intestinal flora and fermented foods, which is difficult to genetically engineer for modification due to its restrictive modification system. This study successfully developed a CRISPR/enCas12f-based genome editing system, first selecting the plcR gene for proof-of-concept validation with 100% knockout efficiency. Subsequently, this system was utilized to delete the virulence gene nheABC in GW-01, yielding a safer probiotic strain. Compared with the wild-type strain GW-01, the probiotic-related indicators of the ΔnheABC mutant, including cell surface hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation ability and biofilm formation ability, were 80%, 90% and 2.9 (OD₅₉₅), respectively. There were no significant differences in these indicators between the mutant and the wild type. Meanwhile, the ΔnheABC mutant still maintained a high β-cypermethrin degradation efficiency of 80% at the concentration of 30 μg/mL. This work facilitates functional genomic research and genetic modification of Bacillus cereus GW-01. The established CRISPR/enCas12f system enables targeted gene deletion to explore gene functions and phenotypic mechanisms, and paves the way for its development into safe probiotics and excellent microbial chassis.

Bacillus cereus↗

PubMed2026

Physical therapy for urinary incontinence in older women: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Urinary incontinence is highly prevalent among older women, affecting more than one-third of this population and significantly impairing quality of life, independence, and healthcare utilization. Older women often present with complex needs that may require broader rehabilitation strategies. METHODS: This systematic review evaluated randomized controlled trials of physical therapy interventions for urinary incontinence in older women. PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched to October 2025. Eligible studies included women ≥60 years and assessed interventions such as Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), bladder training, Yoga, Pilates, general resistance training, electrical stimulation, or multimodal programs. Methodological quality was appraised using the PEDro scale, and random-effects meta-analysis was performed where appropriate. RESULTS: Twenty studies involving 2002 women across 13 countries were included. Eleven trials were rated as good quality and nine as fair. Meta-analysis demonstrated that PFMT significantly reduced urinary incontinence severity compared with usual care (SMD = -1.27, 95% CI: -2.18 to -0.36, p = 0.006). Multimodal programs combining PFMT with mobility, strength, or fall-prevention training also showed significant benefits (SMD = -0.98, 95% CI: -1.60 to -0.36, p = 0.002). Comparative studies indicated that PFMT was similarly effective to Yoga and Pilates, while adjuncts such as general resistance training or tibial nerve stimulation provided additional improvements. CONCLUSION: Physical therapy interventions, particularly PFMT and multimodal programs, are effective in reducing urinary incontinence severity and improving functional outcomes among older women. These findings support prioritizing physical therapy as an important management strategy, with multimodal approaches offering added value for enhancing functional independence and fall prevention.

Humans↗

PubMed2002

Interface pattern formation in nonlinear dissipative systems.

The problem of interface pattern selection in nonlinear dissipative systems is critical in many fields of science, occurring in physical, chemical and biological systems. One of the simplest pattern formations is the Saffman-Taylor finger pattern that forms when a viscous fluid is displaced by a less viscous fluid. Such finger-shaped patterns have been observed in distinctly different fields of science (hydrodynamics, combustion and crystal growth) and this has led to a search for a unified concept of pattern formation, as first proposed by the classic work of D'arcy Thomson. Two-dimensional finger-shaped patterns, observed in flame fronts and the ensembled average shape of the diffusion-limited aggregation pattern, have been shown to be similar to Saffman-Taylor finger shapes. Here we present experimental studies that establish that the cell shapes formed during directional solidification of alloys can be described by the form of the Saffman-Taylor finger shape equation when a second phase is present in the intercellular region.

Alloys↗