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Shao Li

Publications and source records attributed to Shao Li.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Effects of Ginkgo biloba extract against excitotoxicity induced by NMDA receptors and mechanism thereof].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) excitotoxicity and focal cerebral ischemia, and further explore the neuroprotective mechanisms of GBE. METHODS: Neonatal SD rat hippocampus was taken out to make into cell suspension. immunohistochemistry with neuron nucleoprotein monoclonal antibody (NeuN) was used to calculate the percentage of NeuN positive cells. Twelve days after incubation the suspension of neurons were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group (exposed to normal saline for 15 min and then to DMEM without NMDA and glycine for 24 h), NMDA group (exposed to culture fluid with NMDA of the terminal concentration of 100 micromol/L and glycine of the terminal concentration of 10 micromol/L for 15 min and then to DMEM without NMDA and glycine for 24 h), MK-801 group (exposed to MK-801, an NMDAR antagonist, for 2 min, to culture fluid with NMDA for 15 min, and then to DMEM without NMDA and glycine for 24 h), and GBE pretreatment group (exposed to GBE of the terminal concentration of 150 microg/ml for 3 d, culture fluid with NMDS for 15 min, and then to DMEM without NMDA and glycine foe 24 h). Trypan blue staining was used to calculate the survival rate of the neurons. The lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level in the supernatant of cultured cell suspension was detected. Whole-cell patch clamp recording was carried out to evaluate the modulatory effects of GBE on NMDA-activated currents in the rat hippocampal neurons. 108 SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham operation group (n = 12), standard middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group (n = 24, undergoing MCAO and then reperfusion), MK-801 acute administration group (n = 24, undergoing MCAO and immediate peritoneal administration of MK-801 1 mg/kg), GBE acute administration group (n = 24, undergoing peritoneal injection of GBE 100 mg/kg immediately after the MCAO), and GBE pretreatment group (n = 24, undergoing peritoneal administration of GBE every day for 7 days before the MCAO). The 4 groups were re-divided into 4 subgroups with 3 approximately 4 rats: 0.5 h ischemia, and 3 h, 1 d, and 7 d ischemia-reperfusion (IR) subgroups. The neurological symptoms were evaluated by Longa's scoring after the rats became conscious. The rats were killed at different time-points, their brains were taken out to undergo 2, 3, 5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride staining, the areas of cerebral infarction were calculated, and immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the contents of NeuN and microtubule-associated protein (MAP-2). RESULTS: The cell viability of the GBE group was 85% +/- 5%, significantly higher than that of the NMDA group (39.8% +/- 2.1%, P < 0.01), and significantly lower than that of the MK-801 group (93.8% +/- 2.7%, P < 0.05). The LDH efflux of the GBE group was 87 U/L +/- 8 U/L, significantly lower than that of the NMDA group (138 U/L +/- 12 U/L, P < 0.01) and significantly higher than that of the MK-801 group (47 U/L +/- 7 U/L, P < 0.05). The inward current (I(NMDA)) of the NMDA group was significantly activated, The inhibitory rate of the NMDA-activated I(NMDA) of the GBE group was 40% +/- 17%, significantly lower than that of the MK-801 group (78% +/- 18%, P < 0.05); After washing out with standard extracellular solution, the I(NMDA) could recover to 91% +/- 8% in the GBE group, but not in the MK-801 group (P < 0.05), which indicated that GBE had lower affinity to NMDA receptor than MK-801. The Longa's scores of the 3 h and 24 h IR subgroups of the GBS pretreatment group were all significantly lower than those of the corresponding subgroups of the standard MCAO and GBE acute administration groups. The symptoms of the MK-801 were the most severe. Cerebral infarction began to appear in the 1-day subgroups. The cerebral infarction areas of the 1 d subgroups of the GBF pretreatment and MK-801 groups were 11.5% +/- 1.3% and 6.5% +/- 0.9% respectively, both significantly smaller than those of the MCAO and GBE acute administration groups (24.5% +/- % and 22.9% +/- 1.3% respectively, both P < 0.01), however, there was no significant difference in the cerebral infarction area between the GBE acute administration and MCAO group. It was true too for the cerebral infarction areas of the 7 d subgroups. Except in the control group, loss of NeuN positive neuron was seen in all groups, especially the MCAO and GBE acute administration groups. Except in the control group, the MAP-2 positive neurons were decreased in all groups, especially the MCAO and GBE acute administration groups, and 1 day and 7 days after the IR MAP-2 positive neurons were almost unseen in the MCAO and GBE acute administration groups, however, could be seen in small amounts in the GBE and MK-801 groups (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: GBE pretreatment protects the neurons from excitotoxicity induced by over-activated NMDA receptor and focal cerebral ischemia, which can be explained by the mild blocking effect of GBE on NMDA receptor with low affinity, comparing with MK-801, and GBE is expected to interfere in excitotoxicity in clinic without neurotoxic behaviors.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Constructing biological networks through combined literature mining and microarray analysis: a LMMA approach.

MOTIVATION: Network reconstruction of biological entities is very important for understanding biological processes and the organizational principles of biological systems. This work focuses on integrating both the literatures and microarray gene-expression data, and a combined literature mining and microarray analysis (LMMA) approach is developed to construct gene networks of a specific biological system. RESULTS: In the LMMA approach, a global network is first constructed using the literature-based co-occurrence method. It is then refined using microarray data through a multivariate selection procedure. An application of LMMA to the angiogenesis is presented. Our result shows that the LMMA-based network is more reliable than the co-occurrence-based network in dealing with multiple levels of KEGG gene, KEGG Orthology and pathway. AVAILABILITY: The LMMA program is available upon request.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2006

Symptom combinations associated with outcome and therapeutic effects in a cohort of cases with SARS.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an infectious disease and some of its symptoms were clinically indistinguishable of those from similar diseases. This study aimed to find the symptom combinations associated with adverse outcome and the therapeutic effects in a cohort of patients with probable SARS retrospectively. In 2003, 123 SARS cases in Beijing were subjected to a strictly western medicine (WM) treatment, or a combined treatment (WM plus Herba houttuyniae injection, addition of individualized herbal treatments when necessary), of which 115 were followed till death or discharge; 8 were transferred and lost to follow-up. In both treatment groups, clinical manifestations were evaluated daily; development of signs and symptoms, and their possible relationship with outcome, were assessed. The relationships between these sign/symptom complexes and outcome under two treatment protocols were evaluated and differences were noted. Dynamic symptom combinations, dividing into the early, the medium-term and the durational symptom clusters, were identified as likely being related to the adverse outcomes of SARS (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). Compared with a strictly WM treatment, the combined treatment resulted in a longer hospital stay (p = 0.028), a non-statistically significant mortality rate decrease (combined treatment: 9.6% versus WM: 11.1%), and a significant improvement of arthralgia and myalgia (p < 0.05) in the early symptom cluster. Additionally, the combined protocol improved arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation significantly at day 22 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the progress and outcome of SARS may be associated with specific temporal patterns of development in combination of several non-specific signs and symptom complexes, which are also helpful for evaluating the therapeutic effects on SARS patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Comparative analysis via data mining on the clinical features of Western medicine and Chinese medicine in diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine (WM) in diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: A total of 85 clinical RA related messages were enacted and classified into 5 sets as pathological locations, quantitative diagnosis, symptomatic descriptions, general status and environment factors. The respective frequency of their presence in the TCM or WM data sets for RA diagnosis collected from MEDLINE and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were analyzed statistically by Chi-square test, and the relationship of some TCM diagnostic factors/conditions with the RA related biological factors was analyzed by co-occurrence-based literature approach of mining. RESULTS: There was significant difference between the diagnostic pattern of WM and TCM (P < 0.01). Compared with that of WM, TCM diagnosis on RA paid more attention to environmental factors and symptomatic descriptions, which showed definite association with the cytokines and neuro-endocrine factors in RA. CONCLUSION: Examination of environmental factors and symptomatic descriptions for RA diagnosis is one of the important characteristics of TCM treatment in accordance to syndrome differentiation, it has its potential biologic basis. A novel approach is proposed for exploring the characteristics of TCM in diagnosis and observation.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed2005

Correlation between CD4, CD8 cell infiltration in gastric mucosa, Helicobacter pylori infection and symptoms in patients with chronic gastritis.

AIM: To evaluate the correlation between CD4, CD8 cell infiltration in gastric mucosa, Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection and symptoms or the assemblage of symptoms in cases with chronic gastritis. METHODS: Biopsy samples at the gastric antrum were obtained from 62 patients with chronic gastritis. CD4 and CD8 cell infiltration was evaluated by immunohistochemical assays on frozen sections of the biopsy samples. Fifteen symptoms referring to digestion-related activity and non-digestion related activity were observed. The correlation between lymphocyte infiltration and each symptom or symptom assemblage was analyzed by logistic regression and K-mean cluster methods. RESULTS: CD4 cell infiltrations in gastric mucosa were much more in patients with H. pylori infection, while CD8 cell infiltrations were similar in patients with or without H. pylori infection. Logistic regression analysis showed that the symptoms including heavy feeling in head or body (t = 2.563), and thirst (t = 2.478) were significantly related with CD4 cell infiltration in gastric mucosa (P<0.05), and cool limbs with aversion to cold were related with CD8 cell infiltration (t = 2.872, P<0.05). Further analysis showed that non-digestive related symptom assemblage could increase the predicted percentage of CD4 and CD8 cell infiltration in gastric mucosa, including lower CD4 infiltration by 12.5%, higher CD8 infiltration by 33.3%, and also non-H. pylori infection by 23.6%. K-means cluster analysis of all symptoms and CD4 and CD8 cell infiltration in gastric mucosa showed a similar tendency to increase the predicted percentage of CD4, CD8 cell infiltration and H. pylori infection. CONCLUSION: Based on correlation between the gastric mucosa lymphocyte infiltration, H. pylori infection and clinical symptoms, symptoms or symptomatic assemblages play an important role in making further classification of chronic gastritis, which might help find a more specific therapy for chronic gastritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Inhibitory effect of caffeine on GABA-activated current in acutely isolated rat dorsal root ganglion neurons].

By means of whole-cell patch clamp technique, the modulatory effect of caffeine on GABA-activated currents (I(GABA)) was investigated in acutely isolated rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The majority of the neurons examined (113/116) were sensitive to GABA (1~1000 micromol/L). GABA activated a concentration-dependent inward current, which manifested obvious desensitization. In 58 out of 108 neurons, caffeine induced a small inward current, while in others no detectable current was observed. After the neurons were treated with caffeine (0.1~100 micromol/L) prior to the application of GABA (100 micromol/L) for 30 s, GABA-activated inward currents were obviously inhibited. Caffeine shifted the GABA dose-response curve downward and decreased the maximum response to 57% without changing K(d) value. These results indicate that the inhibitory effect is non-competitive. The pretreatment with caffeine (10 micromol/L) inhibited I(GABA) which was potentiated by diazepam (1 micromol/L). Intracellular application of H-8 almost completely abolished the inhibitory effect of caffeine on I(GABA). Because GABA can induce primary afferent depolarization (PAD), our results suggest that caffeine may be able to antagonize the effect of presynaptic inhibition of GABA in primary afferent.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Circadian rhythms on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormones and cytokines of collagen induced arthritis in rats.

This study is designed to identify whether circadian rhythms of the hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are associated with corresponding circadian fluctuations in cytokines in a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). CIA is induced in Wistar rats by an intradermal injection of bovine type II collagen emulsified with complete adjuvant at the left foot. On day 33, in both the CIA and the control rats, circulating adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1beta were evaluated at 6 h intervals from 00:00 to 24:00, and analyzed by statistics and cosinor-rhythmometry. The results showed that plasma corticosterone in CIA rats had a trough at 18:00 and reached a peak at 06:00 significantly. While peak values were presented in TNF-alpha at 24:00 and in IL-6 from 06:00 and 18:00 to 24:00. CIA rats exhibit abnormal circadian rhythms, with degrading amplitudes of corticosterone and IL-6, elevating amplitude of TNF-alpha, and marked phase shifts in corticosterone and IL-6. Our investigation suggests that the disorders of HPA axis in CIA rats may be related to the influence of inflammation mediators on hypothalamic centers. The circadian rhythms of hormones and cytokines in CIA rats may be reset due to the defective function of the HPA axis.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed2003

Morphine-induced decrease in mechanical allodynia is mediated by central, but not peripheral, opioid receptors in rats with inflammation.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism underlying the effect of morphine on allodynia to complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammation in rats. Morphine (5 mg/kg, i.v.) markedly inhibited the mechanical stimulation-induced nociceptive reflex of the gastrocnemius muscle in the inflamed hind-limb, and the inhibition was blocked by naloxone (1 mg/kg). Teased fiber recordings were made from the tibial nerve innervating the inflamed hindpaw. Morphine at the same dose did not affect the spontaneous firing rate of A-type fibers, whereas it markedly decreased the spontaneous firing of C-type fibers. The present data suggested that the central, but not peripheral, plasticity triggered by inflammation-induced facilitation of A(beta) fibers plays an important role in morphine-induced alleviation of allodynia, whereas activation of opioid receptor expression on the peripheral terminals of C fibers may contribute to morphine-induced alleviation of persistent pain of inflammation.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Suppressive effects of a Chinese herbal medicine qing-luo-yin extract on the angiogenesis of collagen-induced arthritis in rats.

Qing-Luo-Yin (QLY), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, is a combination of the extracts of Sophora flavescens Ait., Phellodendron amurense Rupr., Sinomenium acutum Rehd. et Wils. and Dioscorea hypoglauca Palib. The suppressive effect of QLY on the development of angiogenesis was investigated in a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). QLY (0.3 g/kg) was orally administered daily for 27 days. Neo-angiogenesis, pannus and cartilage damage, the expression of metalloproteinases (MMP)-3 messenger RNA (mRNA) and the level of the tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 in the synovium were examined by histology, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemiscal assays, respectively. It was observed that the articular morphological alterations, the over-expression of MMP-3 mRNA and the reduced production of TIMP-1 in CIA rats were significantly ameliorated by QLY. QLY performed about as effectively as tripterygium glycosidorum tablets (0.1 g/kg) extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f.. These results indicate that QLY exerts a suppressive effect on the angiogenesis of CIA rats, and suggest that the therapeutic effect of QLY could be due to restoring the balance of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in rheumatoid synovium.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Anti-Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibody responses and the value of clinical presentations in diagnosis of H. pylori infection in patients with precancerous lesions.

AIM: To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, the serum anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibody responses, and the value of clinical presentations in diagnosis of H. pylori infection in patients with gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia. METHODS: H. pylori infection was detected by histology in 209 patients with mild chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG, n=76), severe CAG (n=22), mild intestinal metaplasia (IM, n=22), severe IM (n=58), or dysplasia (DYS, n=31). Serum anti-H. pylori IgG and IgA were double sampled and evaluated by enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assays. 35 clinical presentations were observed and their relationship with H. pylori infection was analyzed by the k-means cluster method. RESULTS: Both IgG and IgA levels in H. pylori positive patients were significantly higher than those negative for H. pylori (P<0.001-0.01). The prevalence of H. pylori was highest in severe IM (84.5 %), and lowest in mild CAG (51.3 %) (P<0.01). They were similar in severe CAG (68.2 %), mild IM (72.7 %), and DYS (67.7 %). In H. pylori positive patients, the IgG levels in severe CAG were significantly higher than those in mild CAG (P<0.01). In H. pylori negative patients, both IgG and IgA levels increased remarkably in severe IM, compared to those in mild IM (P<0.01-0.05). H. pylori infection exhibited no association with patient's gender (62.1 % in males; 71.7 % in females) and age (r=0.0814, P=0.241). The diagnostic accuracy based on 35 clinical presentations was 65.7 %. It could be improved by 5.7 % when only the assemblage of digestive symptoms were engaged, or by 8.6 % when the pathogenic factors, general status and grossoscopy were combined. The diagnostic accuracy could be decreased when only the general symptoms were engaged, or when the pathogenic factors were accompanied with some common digestive symptoms. CONCLUSION: H. pylori infection is a major risk factor for the process from atrophy, IM to DYS of gastric mucosa. Serum IgG and IgA are good indicators to evaluate this progress with a certain arrearage. Investigation on the effective assemblages of clinical presentations may provide a better understanding in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment for H. pylori infection.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Therapeutic actions of the Chinese herbal formulae with cold and heat properties and their effects on ultrastructures of synoviocytes in rats of the collagen-induced arthritis.

The therapeutic actions of Qing Luo Yin with heat property and Wen Luo Yin with cold property on pain, swelling of the ankle, arthritis index and ultrastructures of synoviocytes were compared in rats of type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), with tripterygium glycosidorum (TG) used as control. The results indicated that both QLY and WLY could reduce pain, swelling of the ankle and the arthritis index of CIA, and QLY had better effects in reducing the swelling of the ankle and controlling the secondary pathological lesions as compared with WLY. Investigation on the ultrastructures of synoviocytes indicated that both QLY and WLY could reduce the number of Golgi apparatus, rough surface endoplasmic reticulum, dense bodies, matrix filaments and vacuoles so as to suppress the excessive secretion of synoviocytes in rats of CIA.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

dbNEI: a specific database for neuro-endocrine-immune interactions.

OBJECTIVES: To construct a specific database for the neuro-endocrine-immune (NEI) interactions. METHODS/RESULTS: Version 1.0 database for neuro-endocrine-immune (dbNEI) serves as a web-based knowledge resource specific for the NEI systems. dbNEI collects 1,058 NEI related signal molecules, their 940 interactions and 72 affiliated tissues from the Cell Signaling Networks database, manually selects 982 NEI papers from PubMed, and gives links to 27,848 NEI generally related genes from UniGene database. NEI related information, such as signal transductions, regulations and control subunits, is integrated. Especially, dbNEI represents as graphic visualization, by which control subunits can be automatically obtained according to the inquiring issues, the combinative queries and the NEI related diseases respectively. CONCLUSIONS: dbNEI, which can be accessed at http://bioinfo.au.tsinghua.edu.cn/dbNEIweb/, provides a knowledge environment for understanding the main regulatory systems of NEI in a molecular level.

Animals↗