Shasha Li | PubMed Health

PubMed2026

Priming of CD8+ T cells by peripheral dendritic cells exacerbates tau-mediated neurodegeneration.

Alzheimer's disease and primary tauopathies are marked by changes in adaptive immunity, with increased brain CD8+ T cells correlating with tau pathology severity. However, how peripheral T cells get primed to enter the brain and contribute to tau-mediated neurodegeneration remains unclear. In different disease conditions, conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1s) cross-present antigens to prime CD8+ T cells into effector cells. We show that tauopathy mice lacking cDC1s or antigen cross-presentation are protected from neurodegeneration, with reduced brain CD8+ T cell infiltration and glial activation. The remaining CD8+ T cells exhibit limited clonal expansion, consistent with impaired priming. We further demonstrate that brain-derived antigens are presented in secondary lymphoid tissues, suggesting a site of T cell activation. Together, these findings establish cDC1-dependent peripheral priming as a key driver of CD8+ T cell accumulation in the brain and tau-mediated neurodegeneration.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2026

Effects of digital health-based exercise interventions on older adults with sarcopenia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia, the progressive loss of muscle mass and function, impairs independence in older adults. Digital health exercise interventions are scalable solutions for older adults with sarcopenia. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the evidence on their efficacy in populations with clinically diagnosed sarcopenia and identify influential intervention characteristics associated with treatment outcomes. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, CNKI, and Wanfang on May 20, 2026, with no date restrictions. We included randomized controlled trials involving adults aged ≥60 with sarcopenia receiving digital exercise interventions. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias; analyses were performed using R and Review Manager. RESULTS: Fourteen trials (n = 927) were included. Digital interventions showed potential improvements in muscle mass (MD = 0.25, 95%CI:0.03-0.46, 95% PI:-0.36 to 0.85), muscle strength (MD = 2.14, 95% CI:1.18-3.11, P < 0.001), balance ability (SMD = 0.31, 95% CI:0.12-0.51, P = 0.001), walking performance (SMD = 0.55, 95% CI:0.21-0.89, 95% PI:-0.70 to 1.79), and physical function (SMD = 0.89, 95% CI:0.08-1.71, 95% PI:-2.33 to 4.12), but not quality of life (SMD = 0.08, 95% CI:-0.19 to 0.35, P = 0.53). Exploratory subgroup analyses suggested that factors such as supervision, program duration, and measurement tools may influence outcomes; however, formal tests for subgroup differences were generally non-significant, and consistent patterns across all metrics were not observed. CONCLUSION: Digital exercise interventions show potential for managing sarcopenia in older adults, though the very low to moderate certainty of evidence indicates that true effects may differ substantially from observed estimates. This review explores potential roles of intervention design, supervision, and multimodal delivery. Future research should adopt rigorous designs and longer follow-up to validate results and enhance clinical application. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD420251135174.

Humans↗