Biomedical subjects

Sheen-Yie Fang

Publications and source records attributed to Sheen-Yie Fang.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Tissue-specific immunoglobulin E in human nasal polyps.

Allergy is generally believed to be an underlying cause of nasal polyps. The objective of this study was to define allergic nasal polyps. We investigated specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) in polyp tissue. Thirty pieces of polyp tissue were taken from patients with positive allergic symptoms, and 30 from patients without allergic symptoms. Nasal polyp tissue homogenate and serum from these patients were prepared for detecting sIgE by a CAP method. For patients with allergic symptoms and/or positive serum CAP test results, the rates of positive tissue CAP tests were low: 36.7% and 35.7%, respectively. However, nearly all of the tissue CAP-positive subjects had allergic symptoms and positive serum CAP tests. We conclude that the local tissue sIgE profile reflects more specifically the allergic status of patients with nasal polyps than does the systemic serum test or the presentation of allergic symptoms. Thus, polyp tissue CAP tests might be performed in patients with positive allergic symptoms and positive serum CAP tests to define an allergy-induced polyp precisely. Then, specific antiallergic treatment could be administered to prevent polyp recurrence.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Ethmoid sinus cancer: results of treatment with surgery and combined therapy.

OBJECTIVE: Ethmoid sinus cancer is a rare paranasal sinus malignancy. Its characteristics include a low incidence rate, a great variety of histopathological types and multiple treatment modalities. Currently, there remains no definite consensus regarding its optimal management. The aim of this study was to examine the outcome of a population of Asian patients with advanced ethmoid sinus cancers that had been treated with surgery plus combined therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between January 1989 and December 2002 inclusive, 19 newly diagnosed patients with ethmoid sinus cancers who had undergone surgical intervention were enrolled, T4 being the principal carcinoma stage (68.4%). All participating cases proved to be node-negative and no evidence of any distant metastasis was detected at the time of diagnosis. The major treatment modality was surgery plus postoperative radiotherapy. All but 2 of the 13 patients with T4 cancer underwent craniofacial resection with pericranial flap reconstruction. RESULTS: The estimated overall and disease-free survival rates 3 years post-treatment were 49.4% and 26.3%, respectively. Local tumor recurrence was more common than regional recurrence and/or distant metastasis. A total of 5/15 T3-T4 patients (33%) developed a neck metastasis, 3 of whom also suffered a distant metastasis. There was no postoperative mortality for the cases treated with craniofacial resection. CONCLUSIONS: Ethmoid sinus cancer typically demonstrates a propensity for late diagnosis and poor prognosis. This study confirms that craniofacial resection plus combined associated therapy is the optimal approach for the effective management of extensive ethmoid sinus tumors and is associated with an acceptable morbidity rate. More aggressive disease management featuring prophylactic concurrent chemoradiotherapy including neck or elective neck dissection plus chemotherapy should be considered for T3-T4 patients as opposed to T1-T2 patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Mucosal changes in rhinitis medicamentosa.

To evaluate the nasal mucosal changes in rhinitis medicamentosa (RM), especially those related to goblet cells and subepithelial glands, we studied specimens of the inferior turbinate mucosa from 8 patients with RM, 8 patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis (CHR), and 5 patients with normal nasal mucosa. All specimens were assessed by electron microscopy and immunohistochemical study. Under a scanning electron microscope, hyperplasia of goblet cells was most prominent in the RM group, and an increased number of gland openings was evident in the RM and CHR groups. In addition, the immunoreactivity of epidermal growth factor receptor staining was strongest in the hyperplastic epithelium of the RM group. According to our results, it is feasible that the mucosa of patients with RM is in a chronic inflammatory, hypersecretory state. Degenerative changes in the secretory elements may cause impairment of mucociliary transport and may be responsible for the nasal obstruction and posterior nasal drip in RM.

Case-Control Studies↗

PubMed2003

Expression of human beta-defensin 2 in human nasal mucosa.

Human beta-defensin (HBD)-2, an antimicrobial peptide, has been discovered to be produced by a number of epithelial cells. It is identified as a key element in the innate host defense mechanism. Because little is known about the expression of HBD-2 in the human sinonasal tract, we conducted this study to investigate the expression of the HBD-2 mRNA gene by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and localization of HBD-2 peptide by immunohistochemistry in human nasal inferior turbinates and nasal polyps. RT-PCR showed significantly higher expression of HBD-2 mRNA in nasal polyps than in inferior turbinates. Using immunohistochemistry, HBD-2 peptide was predominantly localized in surface epithelial cells. Thus, it is feasible that HBD-2 is expressed in nasal mucosa and is upregulated in a condition of chronic inflammation.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

A 2.6 Mb interval on chromosome 6q25.2-q25.3 is commonly deleted in human nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma.

Natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma is a special subtype of rare malignant lymphoma that is more prevalent in Asia than in America and Europe. This newly characterized haemato-lymphoid malignancy is highly aggressive and frequently present in nasal and upper aerodigestive sites. Several studies have reported the commonly deleted region of chromosome 6q21-25 in this particular type of lymphoma. To refine the smallest region of overlapping (SRO) deletion for localization of potential tumour suppressor (TS) genes, we performed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and homozygosity mapping of deletion (HOMOD) analyses on 37 nasal and nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma patients using a panel of 25 microsatellite markers, covering the 6q21-q25 region. In all patients studied, LOH was detected in eight (89%) paired-sample patients, while hemizygous deletion was detected in three (11%) single-sample patients. Combination of the LOH and HOMOD results defined a distinct 3 Mb SRO on chromosome 6q25. Quantitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction analysis of 10 sequence-tagged sites further refined the putative TS-gene-containing region to a 2.6 Mb interval between TIAM2 and SNX9. Eighteen known genes/Unigene clusters and 25 hypothetical genes are located within this 2.6 Mb region, but none are previously identified TS genes. These results provide a framework for future positional cloning of novel TS gene(s) at 6q25.2-q25.3.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Continuous cerebrospinal fluid drainage using a lumbar subarachnoid catheter for cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea after functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

Anesthesiologists are frequently consulted for performing lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage to facilitate surgery or manage complications. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is a common treatment for chronic sinus diseases. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is a serious complication following FESS and is typically treated with an endonasal free or rotational mucoperichondrial flap. Continuous drainage of CSF with a lumbar subarachnoid catheter has been used in patients who have undergone neurosurgery but it is seldom used in the treatment of post-FESS CSF rhinorrhea. We present a 71-year-old male patient who suffered from CSF rhinorrhea after FESS, and was treated successfully with continuous lumbar CSF drainage. We are of the opinion that continuous CSF drainage with a lumbar subarachnoid catheter is an effective and safe modality of treatment for post-FESS CSF leakage.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The expression of human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in the human nasal mucosa.

BACKGROUND: LL-37, an antimicrobial peptide, has been discovered to be produced by a number of epithelial cells. It is identified as a key element in the innate host defense mechanism. Because little is known about the expression of LL-37 in human sinonasal tract, we conducted this study to investigate the expression of LL-37 in human nasal mucosa. METHODS: We investigated the expression of LL-37 gene by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and localization of LL-37 peptide by immunohistochemistry in the inferior turbinate mucosa of 7 normal subjects and the nasal polyps of 12 patients with chronic paranasal sinusitis. RESULTS: The transcripts of the LL-37 gene were detected in all human nasal tissues analyzed by RT-PCR. There is a significant increase of LL-37 mRNA expression in nasal polyps as compared with the normal nasal mucosa. Using immunohistochemistry, LL-37 peptide was localized in surface epithelial cells and submucosal glands. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that LL-37 is expressed by nasal mucosa and is upregulated during inflammation.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

High prevalence of antibiotic resistance in isolates from the middle meatus of children and adults with acute rhinosinusitis.

BACKGROUND: The pathogens in acute rhinosinusitis are similar worldwide. An increase in antibiotic resistance has been shown in a large number of studies in recent years. The prevalence of resistance varies greatly in different countries. This study was performed to determine the endemic prevalence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens of acute rhinosinusitis in Taiwan. METHODS: Middle meatus discharge was taken for aerobic culture in 133 outpatients with the diagnosis of acute rhinosinusitis. RESULTS: One hundred two isolates of pathogens were found, including three major bacteria: Haemophilus influenzae (37.3%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (28.4%), and Moraxella catarrhalis (11.8%). Polymicrobial infections and positive cultures occurred more frequently in pediatric patients, as did recovery of M. catarrhalis infection. An extremely high percentage of resistance to first-line antibiotics was noted, viz., penicillin-nonsusceptible S. pneumoniae (PNSSP) (72.4%), ampicillin-resistant H. influenzae (60.5%), and M. catarrhalis (58.3%). CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of drug resistance is a great threat to public health. Antibiotic use should be more prudent, especially in pediatric patients, who were found to be more susceptible to bacterial rhinosinusitis and multiple pathogenic infection.

Acute Disease↗