Biomedical subjects

Sheila M Eyberg

Publications and source records attributed to Sheila M Eyberg.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Child-directed interaction: prediction of change in impaired mother-child functioning.

The first phase of parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT), called child-directed interaction, teaches parents to use positive and differential social attention to improve the parent-child relationship. This study examined predictors of change in mother and child functioning during the child-directed interaction for 100 mother-child dyads. The children were 3-6-years-old and diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder. After establishing that significant improvements occurred in mother report of child disruptive behavior, parenting stress, and parenting practices, these three variables were combined to form a latent impaired mother-child functioning construct. Structural equation models were examined using maternal demographic and psychosocial variables as predictors of impaired mother-child functioning before and after the child-directed interaction. Mothers' self-reported daily hassles and depressive symptomatology predicted 74% of variance in impaired mother-child functioning before treatment. Mothers' report of social support predicted impaired mother-child functioning after the child-directed interaction, with 57% of the variance accounted for in this longitudinal model. These findings suggest the importance of improving maternal social support during the initial phase of PCIT.

Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorder↗

PubMed2006

Predicting outcome in parent-child interaction therapy: success and attrition.

This study explored predictors of treatment response and attrition in Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT). Participants were 99 families of 3- to 6-year-old children with disruptive behavior disorders. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify those pretreatment child, family, and accessibility factors that were predictive of success or attrition. For all study participants, waitlist group assignment and maternal age were the significant predictors of outcome. For treatment participants (study participants excluding those who dropped out after the initial evaluation but before treatment began), only maternal ratings of parenting stress and maternal inappropriate behavior during parent-child interactions were significant predictors of treatment outcome. These results suggest that for treatment studies of disruptive preschoolers, the benefits of using a waitlist control group may be outweighed by the disproportionate number of dropouts from this group. Once families begin PCIT, however, parent-related variables become salient in predicting treatment outcome.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Child and adolescent advocacy through research: introduction to special section.

In this special section, Clinical Child and Adolescent Advocacy Through Research, luminaries in advocacy for children tell important, personal stories of how research and values intertwine to influence the policies that affect children and families. In this introduction, we provide a brief historical overview of child advocacy in the United States, its link to American child psychology, and the roles of the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology and the Division of Child, Youth, and Family Services of the American Psychological Association in educating and showing us how to use our science wisely in the service of children. We then preview the individual themes of the articles of this special section.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Mindfulness and behavioral parent training: commentary.

We review the description of mindfulness-based parent training (MBPT) and the argument that mindfulness practice offers a way to bring behavioral parent training (BPT) in line with current empirical knowledge. The strength of the proposed MBPT model is the attention it draws to process issues in BPT. We suggest, however, that it may not be necessary to posit automatized transactional procedures in the parent-child interaction to justify the need for better delineation of therapist-parent communication in treatment. Empirically established behavioral processes may be used within BPT to accomplish parent-training goals similar to those proposed for mindfulness training. Yet, Dumas (2005) offers refreshing ideas for enhancing the therapeutic alliance and success with the parents of disruptive children.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Parenting disruptive preschoolers: experiences of mothers and fathers.

This study examined parental functioning and interactions with young children with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), with emphasis on differences between mothers and fathers in their responses to their child and in their unique contributions to the prediction of child disruptive behavior. Participants were 53 3- to 6-year olds with ODD who presented for treatment with two parents. Mothers reported more severe disruptive behavior and higher parenting stress than fathers. During parent-child interactions, mothers showed more responsiveness than fathers, even though children were more compliant during interactions with fathers. Regression analyses showed that fathers' parent-related stress was predictive of both mothers' and father's reports of disruptive child behavior; mothers' marital satisfaction was predictive of behavioral observations of child compliance with both mothers and fathers. This study revealed several important differences in the experiences of mothers versus fathers of disruptive children and indicates the importance of including the father in the child's assessment and treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Psychometric properties of the Sutter-Eyberg Student Behavior Inventory with rural middle school and high school children.

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Sutter-Eyberg Student Behavior Inventory (SESBI) in a rural sample of children and adolescents. Thirty-eight 5th- through 12th-grade teachers completed the SESBI on 726 children in their classrooms. High Cronbach's alphas supported the reliability of the SESBI scales in this population. Higher SESBI scores were obtained by boys than girls and by African American students than Caucasian students, more so at lower grades. Teacher's race did not affect SESBI scores. In contrast to children with developmental delay, children with learning disabilities obtained higher scores than others on the SESBI Intensity scale but not on the Problem scale. This suggests that teachers of children with learning disabilities recognize the higher frequency of problem behaviors in their students but do not consider these behaviors to be problems for themselves. On both SESBI scales, children with developmental delay were not distinguishable from peers without developmental delays.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Therapist verbal behavior early in treatment: relation to successful completion of parent-child interaction therapy.

We examined the role of specific therapist verbal behaviors in predicting successful completion of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) in 22 families, including 11 families that successfully completed treatment and 11 that discontinued treatment prematurely. The children were 3 to 6 years old and diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Chamberlain et al.'s (1986) Therapy Process Code (TPC) was used to measure therapist verbalizations during therapist-parent interactions during the initial clinical interview and the second treatment session. Results indicated that therapists' use of the categories Question, Facilitate, and Support during these sessions accurately predicted treatment dropout versus completion for 73% of families. Findings suggest that the early therapist-parent relationship in PCIT may be critical to successful treatment completion.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Outcomes of parent-child interaction therapy: mothers' reports of maintenance three to six years after treatment.

Examined the long-term maintenance of changes following parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) for young children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and associated behavior disorders. Three to 6 years after treatment, 29 of 50 treatment completers were located for this study. The mothers of 23 children between the ages of 6 and 12 participated in telephone and mail follow-up assessments. Results indicated that the significant changes that mothers reported in their children's behavior and their own locus of control at the end of treatment were maintained at long-term follow-up. Child behavior reported at the posttreatment assessment and length of time since treatment were strong predictors of long-term outcome. Mothers' reports of disruptive behavior decreased with time since treatment. The results of this study support the long-term effectiveness of PCIT.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Father involvement in parent training: when does it matter?

We examined the impact of father involvement on treatment. Participants were 107 families enrolled in parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT), including 56 involved-father (IF) families, 16 uninvolved-father (UF) families, and 35 absent-father (AF) families. All groups showed improvements during treatment to within the average range on the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI), although mothers from AF families reported better treatment outcome than mothers from IF families. Improvements occurred on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) as well, but there were no group differences. At a 4-month follow-up, mothers in IF families maintained treatment gains on the ECBI. In contrast, mothers in AF families reported significant decline at follow-up, although their scores remained within the normal range. Results suggest that father participation in treatment may not affect immediate treatment outcome but may help to maintain the beneficial effects of PCIT.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Parenting styles and child behavior in African American families of preschool children.

Examined the relations between parenting styles and child behavior problems in African American preschool children. Participants were 108 African American female caregivers of 3- to 6-year-old children. Correlational analysis showed that parent-reported child behavior problems were associated with maternal education, family income, and parents' endorsement of authoritative parenting, authoritarian parenting, and permissive parenting. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the authoritative parenting style was most predictive of fewer child behavior problems. These results are consistent with previous findings with European American families and provide strong support for the cross-cultural validity of the authoritative parenting style.

Black or African American↗

PubMed2002

Self-reported parenting practices in Dominican and Puerto Rican mothers of young children.

Explored self-reported parenting in a Hispanic sample of mothers living in the mainland United States using a cultural framework. Participants were 130 immigrant or first-generation Dominican and Puerto Rican mothers with a child between the ages of 2 and 6 years. Mothers completed questionnaires related to their parenting behavior and also filled out a detailed demographic form and a measure of acculturation. Results suggested that both Dominican and Puerto Rican mothers engage in high levels of praise and physical affection and low levels of harsh, inconsistent, and punitive parenting behaviors. Dominican and Puerto Rican parenting was similar on measures of authoritarian and permissive parenting, but differences emerged on a measure of authoritative parenting and when parenting was considered at the more detailed level of individual behaviors. Parenting was related to several demographic characteristics, including father's education level and child age; more specifically, higher paternal education and younger age of the child were related to higher levels of authoritative parenting by mothers. Parenting and acculturation were generally not related. Discussion focused on a culturally sensitive interpretation of normative parenting among Dominican and Puerto Rican mothers.

Acculturation↗