Biomedical subjects

Sherry C Pomerantz

Publications and source records attributed to Sherry C Pomerantz.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Computer-assisted instruction: a survey on the attitudes of osteopathic medical students.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the views of osteopathic medical students on their preferred learning methods, their current use of computers as an educational tool, and their attitudes regarding the role of computers in medical education, based on their skill level. METHODS: A 27-item questionnaire was distributed to first-through fourth-year osteopathic medical students. Items asked students to assess their levels of computer skills and experience, their current use of computers as an educational tool, and their attitudes regarding the role of computers in medical education. RESULTS: Of the 246 students (80% of enrolled students) who responded to the questionnaire, a majority (129 [53%]) rated themselves as having intermediate computer skills, and the remaining students rated their skills as basic (69 [28%]) or advanced (46 [19%]). Most students (176 [72%]) felt that they learned best by both hearing and seeing or reading new material, that they learned more easily from a printed page than a computer screen, and that live lectures provided them with the best opportunity for learning. However, when compared with students who have basic and intermediate computer skills, students with advanced computer skills were more in favor of computer-assisted instruction and testing as well as a school requirement to own a computer and to use a laptop computer in class. CONCLUSIONS: Students' opinions of the importance of computer technology in medical education seem to be based mainly on their self-assessed technical competency levels. Understanding this dynamic may aid medical educators in the implementation of computer-assisted instruction.

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PubMed2005

Sexuality in older adults: behaviours and preferences.

BACKGROUND: while much has been written about adult sexuality, relatively little is available about the sexuality of older people. Available literature often does not discuss specific sexual behaviours and includes predominantly married, better-educated, mostly young old. OBJECTIVE: the purpose of this study was to assess a sample of lower-income older adults, about whom there is limited information, to describe a full range of sexual behaviours and to identify the degree to which they are satisfied with their sexual activities. METHODS: subjects were 179 people (60 and older) who were residents of subsidised independent-living facilities, recruited during a lecture or in public areas in the building. Thirteen of 179 were excluded due to age. Most were white (82%), living alone (83%) and female (63%). RESULTS: overall, the majority reported to have had physical and sexual experiences in the past year such as touching/holding hands (60.5%), embracing/hugging (61.7%) and kissing (57%) daily to at least once a month; mutual stroking, masturbation and intercourse were experienced 'not at all' by 82% or more. For all activities except masturbation, participants wanted to participate in sexual activities more often than they did. The most important barrier to sexual activity was lack of a partner. Self-reported health was related to sexual activities wanted, with age also related to some preferences. CONCLUSIONS: most of the elderly surveyed want to maintain a sexual relationship which includes touching and kissing, and they would like to have more sexual experiences than they have accessible. Further studies are needed.

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PubMed2004

Physicians' practices related to the use of terminal sedation: moral and ethical concerns.

OBJECTIVE: Although terminal sedation (TS) has generally been seen as legal and ethically acceptable, ethical and moral issues remain. Little is known about the use of TS in general clinical practice and about how TS is viewed by physicians, given moral and ethical concerns. The objectives of this study are (1) to describe attitudes of physicians regarding terminal sedation; (2) to explore demographic characteristics, such as age, gender, subspecialty, and number of years in practice, that might be related to the use of TS; and (3) to compare physicians who have and have not used TS on the degree to which they view TS as moral and consistent with their professional and personal ethics. METHODS: An anonymous survey of New Jersey physicians was conducted at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-School of Osteopathic Medicine. A 39-item questionnaire assessing general opinions about, experiences with, and religious, moral, ethical attitudes toward TS and other end-of-life treatments was utilized. RESULTS: A majority of physicians (73%) had used TS for a patient. Most (93%) said there were circumstances under which they would use TS. With regard to questions about whether TS would be "immoral," "would violate my religious beliefs," "would violate my professional ethics" and "is inconsistent with the physician's role of preserving life," approximately 55% of those who have used TS disagreed; for those who have not used TS, approximately 35% disagreed. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS: Professional education and opportunities for discussion appear necessary to help reconcile the conflicts raised in the use of this end-of-life treatment strategy.

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PubMed2002

Attitudes of osteopathic physicians toward physician-assisted suicide.

The use of physician-assisted suicide (PAS) in the care of terminally ill patients is controversial. While there are published surveys assessing the attitudes and views of physicians in certain specialties, both nationally and in targeted geographic areas, no such data are available specifically pertaining to osteopathic physicians, who deliver 9% of the primary care in the United States. This article describes a study whose purpose was to identify the views and perspectives of osteopathic physicians on PAS through a national survey. Questionnaires were forwarded to all board-certified internists who are members of the American College of Osteopathic Internists and all surgeons and a random sample of family physicians who are members of the American Osteopathic Association. Physicians were surveyed with initial and follow-up mailings. The 49-item questionnaire was a modified version of the Physician Survey, Center for Ethics in Health Care: Oregon Health Sciences University. Of the 2910 questionnaires that were mailed, 1028 were returned in a usable form, for a 35% response rate. Respondents were predominantly (81%) male and from all parts of the country. Most (58%) would not be willing to prescribe a medication for a competent, terminally ill patient to use with the primary intention of ending his or her own life, and most (55%) would oppose the legalization of PAS. Thirty-three percent of osteopathic physicians admit to receiving requests by terminally ill patients for PAS. Most (53%) osteopathic physicians indicate that the osteopathic principle of holistic care has influenced their decision-making on this issue, and a significant minority (44%) responded that the osteopathic oath influenced their view on PAS. Religion and the degree of prayer frequency were important predictors of the decisions to support or oppose PAS. When compared to other physician surveys, this survey of osteopathic physicians demonstrates some similarities in response but also significant differences. These data suggest that osteopathic education and training may result in a perspective on PAS that reflects the distinctiveness of the osteopathic profession.

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PubMed2002

Osteoporosis prevention project: a model multidisciplinary educational intervention.

Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic disease resulting in low bone mass, which increases the risk for fracture. Evidence suggests that lifestyle changes to prevent or delay development of osteoporosis should be implemented throughout the life span. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary primary osteoporosis prevention program for community-dwelling women aged 25 to 75 years to determine if osteoporosis prevention program participants (treatment group) increased their knowledge of osteoporosis, calcium intake, and exercise compared with a control group. Other outcomes included participants' willingness to adopt lifestyle changes and ability to view themselves as able to make behavioral changes. Subjects in the treatment group versus control subjects increased their knowledge of osteoporosis over time. At posttest, subjects in the treatment group were more likely to be planning to change calcium intake, and at follow-up, they were more likely to be changing their calcium intake. No other group differences were found between the two groups. These findings suggest that a multidisciplinary education program may have an impact on knowledge and behaviors that may help to delay the development of osteoporosis.

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PubMedDate not supplied

Oral health in the elderly with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is a common endocrine disease affecting the elderly in particular. Long-term complications involve the vasculature; vision, renal, and neural function; and the periodontium. Knowledge about the oral health of the elderly and the effects of NIDDM is limited. The objective of this study was to compare the oral health of patients aged 60+ years, who have NIDDM, with patients who do not have NIDDM. To evaluate oral health, we recorded retention and condition of the teeth, periodontal health, and condition of the oral mucosa. We also assessed oral hygiene, smoking history, regularity of dental checkups, and medication use. The study group was selected from among patients who came to the ambulatory care clinic at University of Medicine and Dentistry, New Jersey, Center for Aging with a diagnosis of NIDDM. The control group, which did not have NIDDM, was selected from among the same patient group and was matched for age and gender. Patients with severe dementia, those having fewer than 10 teeth or those who were in need of antibiotic prophylaxis were excluded from the study. Patients underwent a short interview and a clinical evaluation. Our study involved 32 elderly adults with NIDDM and 40 elderly adults who did not have NIDDM. Both groups had similar oral hygiene levels and regularity of professional dental care. In addition, the plasma glucose levels among the study group were well controlled. This study did not show statistically significant differences in oral health parameters between participants with diabetes and those in a control group.

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