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Shihab E O Khogali

Publications and source records attributed to Shihab E O Khogali.

2 recordsLinked to original sources

Study guides: a study of different formats.

More emphasis is being placed on students as independent learners with teachers acting as facilitators. It has been argued that student-centred learning can be supported usefully by study guides. This paper supports previous claims as to the value of study guides as perceived by students. But what should study guides look like? A total of 151 second-year medical students at the University of Dundee were given three versions of a study guide covering the topic of hypertension, each incorporating a different educational approach but with the same content. A timetable-based version of the guide focused on the students' day-to-day timetable and related the learning outcomes to each of the scheduled learning opportunities. A problem-based version of the guide introduced a clinical problem and encouraged the students to think of the learning outcome for the module as they related to the problem. Thirdly, an outcome-based version was structured round the 12 key areas of the learning outcomes. The timetable-based guide was preferred by the majority of students, although some preferred the problem-based guide and others the outcome-based guide. This may in part be due to students' lack of familiarity with a problem-based and outcome-based approach. It may also relate to what is seen as a key function of a study guide: to lead the student through the day-to-day learning experiences in a course and to introduce a student to a course or a topic and provide an overview of what is to be achieved in their studies of it.

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Is glutamine beneficial in ischemic heart disease?

OBJECTIVE: Glutamine enhances recovery from acute normothermic ischemia in isolated rat heart by a dose-dependent effect (Khogali et al. J Mol Cell Cardiol 1998;30:819). We compared the cardioprotective effects of equimolar concentrations of glutamine, glutamate, and aspartate in isolated rat heart. We also explored the potential cardioprotective effects of glutamine in patients with chronic stable angina. METHODS: The isolated perfused working rat heart was subjected to ischemia, followed by reperfusion with or without an amino acid (2.5 mM). Patients with chronic stable angina received a single oral dose of glutamine (80 mg/kg) or placebo in a double-blind, random fashion 40 min before a standard Bruce exercise test. RESULTS: Postischemic reperfusion of isolated rat heart with glutamine (but not with glutamate or aspartate) resulted in full recovery of cardiac output. Only glutamine prevented the decrease in the myocardial ratio between adenosine triphosphate to adenosine diphosphate and significantly enhanced the myocardial ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione. A single oral dose of glutamine given to patients with chronic stable angina significantly increased plasma glutamine concentration from 419 to 649 microM and delayed time to onset of more than 1.0 mm of ST segment depression on the ECG by 38 s. CONCLUSION: Glutamine may be cardioprotective in patients with coronary heart disease.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗