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Biomedical subjects

Shin Fujimori

Publications and source records attributed to Shin Fujimori.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Evaluating medical students' non-verbal communication during the objective structured clinical examination.

OBJECTIVES: Non-verbal communication (NVC) in medical encounters is an important method of exchanging information on emotional status and contextualising the meaning of verbal communication. This study aimed to assess the impact of medical students' NVC on interview evaluations by standardised patients (SPs). METHODS: A total of 89 medical interviews in an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) for post-clerkship medical students were analysed. All interviews were videotaped and evaluated on 10 non-verbal behaviour items. In addition, the quality of the interview content was rated by medical faculty on 5 items and the interview was rated by SPs on 5 items. The relationships between student NVC and SP evaluation were examined by multivariate regression analyses controlling for the quality of the interview content. RESULTS: Standardised patients were likely to give higher ratings when students faced them directly, used facilitative nodding when listening to their talk, looked at them equally when talking and listening, and spoke at a similar speed and voice volume to them. These effects of NVC remained significant after controlling for the quality of the interview content. CONCLUSIONS: This study provided evidence of specific non-verbal behaviours of doctors that may have additional impacts on the patient's perception of his or her visit, independently of the interview content. Education in basic NVC should be incorporated into medical education alongside verbal communication.

Education, Medical, Undergraduate↗
PubMed2005

Analysis of urinary calculi obtained from a patient with idiopathic hypouricemia using micro area x-ray diffractometry and LC-MS.

Urolithiasis is a common complication in patients with hypouricemia. Using a microarea x-ray diffractometer and nanoflow liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) following SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), recurrent urinary calculi complicating a hypouricemic patient were analyzed. Analysis with the microarea x-ray diffractometer showed that one of the calculi was composed of calcium oxalate monohydrate and hydroxyapatite. The other was found to be formed from calcium oxalate dihydrate. After determination with LC-MS, both were found to contain uromodulin, albumin, osteopontin, protein Z, and defensins. Lysozyme and calgranulin A were also identified in these calculi. Defensins, which were antimicrobial peptides, and lysozyme, a mucopeptide glycohydrolase, were identified as new organic components of urinary stones. The role of these proteins in the process of urolithiasis is of particular interest.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2004

Detection of protein Z in a renal calculus composed of calcium oxalate monohydrate with the use of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry following two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis separation.

Protein Z, a vitamin K-dependent plasma protein, has been detected for the first time in a renal calculus along with osteopontin and prothrombin. The renal calculus was obtained from a hyperuricemic patient. Following two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the calculus was analyzed with the use of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The spectrometer was equipped with a nanoelectrospray interface and an ion trap. Four peptides were determined from a protein in the calculus through LC-MS/MS analysis. Tandem mass spectrum database matching tools were used to identify the protein as protein Z. Authentic protein Z was also analyzed using the same method, and all four peptides determined in the calculus were similarly identified. Whereas protein Z has been reported to be one of the vitamin K-dependent calcium-binding proteins, its role has not been well established. The fact that protein Z exists in a renal calculus composed of calcium oxalate will be beneficial in any future investigations into its role in the body.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed2004

Disruption of the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl-transferase gene caused by a translocation in a patient with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.

In this study, we have identified a novel mechanism of mutation involving translocation between the HPRT1 loci and other loci on the X chromosome. In HRT-25's cDNA obtained from a patient with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, the upstream region of exon 3 was amplified, but the full-length region was not amplified. The use of 3' rapid amplification of cDNA ends polymerase chain reaction (3'RACE-PCR) for HRT-25 revealed part of intron 3 and an unknown sequence which have not identified the HPRT1 gene starting at the 3' end of exon 3. We analyzed HPRT1 genomic DNA in order to confirm the mutation with the unknown sequence in the genomic DNA. Unknown sequence compared through BLAST analysis of human genome (NCBI; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/) showed that at least 0.5 to 0.6-Mb telomeric to HPRT1 on chromosome Xq where located near LOC340581. This study provides the molecular basis for the involvement of genomic instability in germ cells.

Chromosomes, Human, X↗
PubMed2004

[Disorder of purine metabolism].

Metabolic syndrome, synonymous with multiple risk factor syndrome, which has been suggested to be based on insulin resistance and/or visceral fat accumulation, contributes to be the development of atherosclelotic cardiovascular disease. Hyperuricemia is associated with multiple risk factor syndrome. Hyperinsulinemia induced by insulin resistance reduces uric acid clearance, leading to hyperuricemia. On the other hand, visceral fat accumulation increases uric acid synthesis through the activation of triglyceride synthesis. Although a lot of epidemiological and experimental studies concerned with an effect of uric acid on the vascular injury have been performed, any distinct evidence that uric acid per se damage blood vessels, has not been reported. It is most important for managing hyperuricemia in the patients with the so-called lifestyle related disorders to improve the unhealthy lifestyle leading to the obesity which causes insulin resistance and visceral fat accumulation.

Humans↗