Biomedical subjects

Shinya Iida

Publications and source records attributed to Shinya Iida.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Genome wide expression analysis of white blood cells and liver of pre-diabetic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats using a cDNA microarray.

In a prior study, we reported on a significant decrease in calpain10 gene expression in white blood cells (WBC) as well as the major insulin-target tissues including liver and adipose tissue, before the onset of diabetes in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. In this study, we extended our hypothesis that some type 2 diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) susceptible genes are up/down-regulated before the onset in WBC of OLETF rats, reflecting their up/down-regulation in major insulin-target tissues, such as the liver. We tested this hypothesis using rat cDNA microarrays. The findings show that 1080 genes are up/down-regulated by more than 2-fold compared to the controls, Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka rats, before the onset in WBC and liver under fasted or insulin administered condition. Fifty-seven of the 1080 genes were up/down-regulated in both WBC and the liver. More than half have been reported to NIDDM susceptible genes and the remainder have not been reported to be related to NIDDM. These results indicate that there some NIDDM related genes are up/down-regulated in WBC before the onset of diabetes.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

[Practical procedure of totally implanted venous access system for outpatient cancer therapy].

Some outpatient cancer chemotherapy has been replacing inpatient chemotherapy. A totally implanted venous access system is now available for patients who undergo cancer chemotherapy on an outpatient basis. All eleven outpatients who underwent cancer chemotherapy with this system underwent placement of the port and administration of chemotherapy. Complications were observed in two of these eleven patients (18%). Because a subcutaneous abscess occurred in one patient between the placement of the port and her first chemotherapy session, we had to remove the port system once. Another patient developed fungemia, so we discontinued the system after 95 outpatient chemotherapy sessions. When the infection healed, we set up the system again, and no trouble was observed later in these two cases. According to the patients' survey, all patients were satisfied with outpatient chemotherapy using this system. Therefore, we concluded that this system contributes to enhanced quality of life among outpatients who undergo cancer chemotherapy.

Abscess↗

PubMed2005

Mitochondrial impairment induced by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 activation in cortical neurons after oxygen and glucose deprivation.

Neuronal cells injured by ischemia and reperfusion to a certain extent are committed to death in necrotic or apoptotic form. Necrosis is induced by gross ATP depletion or 'energy crisis' of the cell, whereas apoptosis is induced by a mechanism still to be defined in detail. Here, we investigated this mechanism by focusing on a DNA damage-sensor, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). A 2-h oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) followed by reoxygenation (Reox) induced apoptosis, rather than necrosis, in rat cortical neurons. During the Reox, PARP-1 was much activated and autopoly(ADP-ribosyl)ated, consuming the substrate, NAD+. Induction of apoptosis by OGD/Reox was suppressed by overexpression of Bcl-2, indicating mitochondrial impairment in this induction process. Mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), or membrane depolarization, and a release of proapoptotic proteins, i.e. cytochrome c, apoptosis-inducing factor and endonuclease G, from mitochondria were observed during the Reox. These apoptotic changes of mitochondria and the nucleus were attenuated by PARP-1 inhibitors, 1,5-dihydroxyisoquinoline and benzamide, and also by small interfering RNA specific for PARP-1. These results indicated that PARP-1 plays a principal role in inducing mitochondrial impairment that ultimately leads to apoptosis of neurons after cerebral ischemia.

ADP Ribose Transferases↗

PubMed2004

Comparative study between DNA copy number aberrations determined by quantitative microsatellite analysis and clinical outcome in patients with stomach cancer.

PURPOSE: We detected the relative DNA copy numbers (RCNs) at target loci in patients with stomach cancer with quantitative microsatellite analysis. We additionally clarified the relationship between DNA copy number aberrations and the clinical outcome of the patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Fresh frozen samples were obtained from 30 patients who had undergone surgery for stomach cancer. Seven microsatellite loci in chromosomes 8q, 16q, and 20q and one gene-specific locus (ZNF217) were selected as the target loci. The DNA copy number was obtained relatively to a pooled reference consisting of six microsatellite primer sets selected from the regions where few aberrations have been reported in comparative genomic hybridization analysis. On the basis of the TaqMan PCR system, the internal probes used were carrying donor (6-carboxyfluorescein) and acceptor (6-carboxytetramethylrhodamine) fluorescent molecules complementary to CA repeats in the microsatellite markers and to one gene-specific oligomer in the gene-specific marker. RESULTS: Chromosome 8q gain, 20q gain, and 16q loss were detected in 18 (60.0%), 8 (26.7%), and 13 (43.3%) cases, respectively. Gains in the RCNs of D8S1801 and D8S1724 were most frequently found (36.7%). There was a significant correlation between the loss of D16S3026 and reduced survival duration (P = 0.0158), and the simultaneous aberrations of D8S1801 gain and D16S3026 loss (double marker positive) was significantly associated with reduced survival duration (P = 0.0008). According to Cox proportional hazards model, the double marker positive was a significant and independent factor indicating an unfavorable prognostic factor (relative risk, 17.176; 95% confidence interval, 2.782-106.026; P = 0.0022). CONCLUSION: RCN aberrations in tumor tissues determined by quantitative microsatellite analysis enable identification of the prognostic factors that correlate with clinical outcome of the patients with stomach cancer.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

Generation of reactive oxygen species and activation of NF-kappaB by non-Abeta component of Alzheimer's disease amyloid.

Non-amyloid beta (Abeta) component of Alzheimer's disease (AD) amyloid (NAC) coexists with Abeta protein in senile plaques. After exposure to NAC fibrils, cortical neurons of rat brain primary culture became apoptotic, while astrocytes were activated with extension of their processes. NAC fibrils decreased the activity of reducing 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) in cortical neurons more markedly (IC(50) = 5.6 microm) than in astrocytes (IC(50) approximately 50 microm). The neuron-specific toxicity of NAC fibrils was indicated also by an increased release of lactate dehydrogenase from the cells. Neuronal apoptosis was suppressed by pre-treatment with the antioxidants, propyl gallate (PG) and N-t-butyl-phenylnitrone (BPN), or overexpression of human Bcl-2. Exposure to NAC fibrils enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neurons and less efficiently in astrocytes, as demonstrated by oxidation of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin. The site of ROS generation was shown to be mitochondria by oxidation of chloromethyl-tetramethyl rosamine. Exposure to NAC fibrils increased also the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and enhanced its DNA-binding activity, which was inhibited by PG and BPN more efficiently in neurons than in astrocytes. These results suggest that NAC fibrils increase mitochondrial ROS generation and activate NF-kappaB, thereby causing a differential change in gene expression between neurons and astrocytes in the AD brain.

Active Transport, Cell Nucleus↗

PubMed1999

Pseudotyping human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by vesicular stomatitis virus G protein does not reduce the cell-dependent requirement of vif for optimal infectivity: functional difference between Vif and Nef.

The functions of Vif and Nef in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection have some similarities: Vif- and Nef-dependent enhancement of HIV-1 replication is cell type-specific, and defective mutations in these genes result in restricted proviral DNA synthesis in infected cells. It has recently been shown that pseudotyping HIV-1 by the envelope glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-G) targets HIV-1 entry to an endocytic pathway and suppresses the requirement of Nef for virus infectivity. In this study, we examined whether VSV-G pseudotyping suppresses the requirement of Vif for HIV-1 infectivity. It was found that pseudotyping HIV-1 by VSV-G did not compensate for the Vif function. Together with the findings that Vif does not influence virus binding/entry and virion incorporation of Env, it is concluded that Vif enhances HIV-1 infectivity at the post-entry step(s) independently of the Env function by a different mechanism to that of Nef.

Gene Products, nef↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma treated in remote island hospitals in Japan: a multivariable analysis.

BACKGROUND: Treating gastric cancer in remote island hospitals remains a major clinical challenge. Factors affecting prognosis of patients treated in general hospitals are still at large. We sought to determine the characteristics of gastric cancer in the Amamiooshima (Amami) archipelago of Japan and also evaluated the independent prognostic factors by the Cox regression analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 125 patients treated in four sister hospitals in the Amami were analyzed. RESULTS: The median age of patients with resection was 74 years and almost 85% patients had diffuse type of cancer. The 5-year overall survival was 34% for all patients and 58% for those who had a resection. Among the several clinicopathological factors, operation method (distal vs. total gastrectomy), splenectomy, lymphatic and venous invasion, T-stage, metastatic lymph node (MLN) size n-stage and UICC N-stage had significant impact on survival. Only MLN size and intraoperative blood loss had independent effect on survival by multivariable analysis. CONCLUSION: Improved perioperative care may yield a reasonable patient survival in elderly patients with gastric carcinoma treated in remote hospitals. Restricting amount of intraoperative blood loss may further improve the patient prognosis and MLN size may serve as a new metric to stage gastric cancers.

Adult↗