Biomedical subjects

Shuji Sakai

Publications and source records attributed to Shuji Sakai.

21 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Unilateral proximal interruption of the pulmonary artery in adults: CT findings in eight patients.

PURPOSE: The authors retrospectively reviewed CT findings of unilateral proximal interruption of the pulmonary artery in eight adults. METHODS: Patient age ranged from 23 to 65 years (mean, 44 years), and three men and five women (six left-side affected and two right-side affected) comprised the study group. High resolution CT was obtained in five patients. Associated anomalies of great vessels included five cases of right aortic arch and one tetralogy of Fallot. RESULTS: On the affected side, complete defects of pulmonary arteries were seen in all patients. CT revealed serrated pleural thickening in six patients (75%), subpleural parenchymal bands in five (63%), and mosaic attenuation in three (38%) on the affected lung. Dilatation of bronchial arteries in five patients (71%), internal thoracic arteries in four (57%), and intercostal arteries in three (43%) were also seen. As for other parenchymal changes, cystic bronchiectasis and honeycombing were seen in two (25%) respective cases. On the unaffected lung, mosaic attenuation was seen in four (50%) patients. CONCLUSIONS: The main manifestations of unilateral proximal interruption of the pulmonary artery were complete defects of pulmonary arteries, enlarged bronchial arteries, and formed pleural thickening or some parenchymal changes of the lung.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Risk factor of radiation pneumonitis: assessment with velocity-encoded cine magnetic resonance imaging of pulmonary artery.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the pulmonary arterial flow obtained as a function of time from velocity-encoded cine (VEC) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can be used to predict radiation pneumonitis. METHODS: Before receiving radical radiotherapy, 19 patients with primary lung cancer and 21 with primary esophageal cancer underwent VEC MR imaging to determine their pulmonary arterial flow. The right and left pulmonary arterial flow profiles were digitized, and from these data, acceleration time, maximal change in flow rate during ejection, acceleration volume, and the ratio of maximal change in flow rate during ejection to acceleration volume were measured. The statistical significance of differences in pulmonary arterial flows before irradiation between patients who developed and did not develop RP greater than grade 1 was determined. RESULTS: Radiation pneumonitis occurred in 5 patients with lung cancer and in 4 with esophageal cancer. The acceleration time (P < 0.001), acceleration volume (P < 0.02), and ratio of the maximal change in flow rate during ejection to acceleration volume (P < 0.002) in patients with and without RP were significantly different. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of using 111 milliseconds as the cutoff value (which was the mean acceleration time in the RP group) to predict RP were 58%, 88%, and 83%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary hypertension detected by VEC MR imaging can be a risk factor for development of RP in candidates for pulmonary irradiation.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A case of lymphangioleiomyomatosis affecting the supraclavicular lymph nodes.

The case of a 46-year-old woman with lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) involving the supraclavicular, mediastinal, and pelvic lymph nodes in addition to the lungs is reported. Computed tomography incidentally revealed multiple thin-walled pulmonary cysts and low-attenuating masses in the supraclavicular, mediastinal, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. A biopsy of the supraclavicular mass was performed and diagnosed as LAM histopathologically. The common sites of extrapulmonary LAM include retroperitoneal and mediastinal lymph nodes; however, supraclavicular lymph node involvement is extremely rare.

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