Biomedical subjects

Shumei Murakami

Publications and source records attributed to Shumei Murakami.

17 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Dual segmental distraction osteogenesis of the midface in a patient with Apert syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To present orthodontic treatment combined with dual segmental distraction osteogenesis in a patient with Apert syndrome. PATIENT: A 15-year-old boy exhibited severe midfacial hypoplasia with retruded and hypoplastic maxilla and anterior open bite. The patient was treated with a rigid external distraction II system for distraction osteogenesis, a preadjusted edgewise appliance, and a modified maxillary protraction headgear. The concave profile with midfacial hypoplasia was improved. A tight occlusal relationship between maxillary and mandibular teeth was achieved. Postoperative treatment results have been stable for 1 year.

Acrocephalosyndactylia↗

PubMed2005

Comparison of altered signal intensity, position, and morphology of the TMJ disc in MR images corrected for variations in surface coil sensitivity.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the corrections of signal intensity of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc caused by variations in sensitivity of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) surface coil, to compare the modified signal intensities of the posterior and anterior bands, and then to evaluate the relationship of the signal intensity difference to altered disc position and morphology in a group of TMJ patients. STUDY DESIGN: MRI was performed on 96 joints. All patients underwent imaging in axial, coronal, and sagittal planes using fast-spin echo sequences (FSE). The images were taken in the closed, partially opened, and maximum opened mouth positions in 2 sequences. Classifications were made according to the position and morphology of the disc. TMJs were divided into normal, anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDwR), anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDwoR), and partial anterior disc displacement with reduction (PDDwR). Disc morphology was subdivided as biconcave, lengthened, biconvex, thick posterior band, and others (defined as folded and rounded). The correction of the inhomogeneous sensitivity of the surface coil was done with the original software. The signal intensities (SI) of the posterior band and anterior band of TMJ discs were measured. The correlations among the groups of TMJs and disc morphologies and SI were statistically analyzed by using Bonferroni/Dunn multicomparison method test. RESULTS: Of the total number of joints studied with the help of MRI, 37 were normal, 12 exhibited ADDwR, 32 ADDwoR, and 9 PDDwR. The corrected MR images indicated that SI of the posterior bands were higher than the anterior band of the discs. It can also be concluded that the SI of the posterior bands increased significantly in the following order: normal, PDDwR, ADDwR, and ADDwoR, while there is no statistical difference in the SI of the anterior band of the discs. In ADDwR and ADDwoR, thick posterior band is the most common shape. In normal TMJ, the biconcave shape is identified as the most frequently encountered shape. CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that the SI of the posterior bands increase with the progress of internal derangement, and was found to be higher than that of the anterior band of the discs. It appears that disc degeneration starts from the posterior band of the disc.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

An investigation of pipeline materials for continuous hyperpolarized 129Xe gas spectroscopy.

In order to establish a continuous hyperpolarized xenon-129 (HP-129Xe) gas delivery system for MR imaging, the effect of the metallic materials in the gas pipeline on the signal intensity was investigated. In the gas pipeline, an appropriate surface is needed to minimize wall relaxation by the HP-129Xe gas caused by the interaction between the HP gas and the surface, which can lead to signal loss. Although Pyrex glass is a popular material for the HP gas chamber, it is fragile under heat or physical stress. In this study, five stainless steel tubes (STs) prepared with different surface film-forming processes were examined. The MR signal intensities of HP-129Xe gas that passed through each tube were then compared. The film passivated by iron fluoride maintained the highest level of hyperpolarization, whereas that passivated by chromium oxide maintained the lowest. A ST with an appropriate passive film may be a useful alternative to a Pyrex glass pipeline.

Equipment Design↗

PubMed2005

MRI of nasoalveolar cyst: case report.

Nasoalveolar cyst is a rare nonodontogenic cyst arising in the nasoalar region of the face. In this case, a 39-year-old female had a nontender, fluctuant, soft, round, and bluish lesion in the right anterior gingiva of the right maxilla. Panoramic and magnetic resonance imaging examinatioins were performed. No abnormality was evident on the radiograph. The lesion was hypointense signal intensity on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. On sagittal T2-weighted images, a septum could be seen within the lesion. After injection of contrast medium and acquisition of T1-weighted images, enhancement was not observed in the lesion, but was evident at the periphery. The lesion did not enhance with contrast on T1-weighted images, but the periphery was enhanced. The lesion was surgically excised. Histopathologic examination showed the lesion to be a nasoalveolar cyst.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Benign fibrous histiocytoma of the mandible.

A very rare case of benign fibrous histiocytoma of the mandible is presented. A 49-year-old woman was admitted because of left buccal swelling and pain. Panoramic radiograph showed well-demarcated soap-bubble appearance without sclerotic rim in the left mandibular bone. A yellowish-white and partly brown solid tumor was noted in the excised mandibular bone specimen. The tumor histologically consisted of spindle cells, in which areas showing a storiform pattern and other areas composed of histiocytic cells with erythrophagocytosis and foam cells were mixed. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for vimentin, CD68, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin and alpha-1-antitrypsin. From these findings the tumor was diagnosed as a primary BFH of the mandible. No recurrence has been noted 2 years and 11 months after surgery.

Antigens, CD↗

PubMed2004

CT and MR imaging features of oral and maxillofacial hemangioma and vascular malformation.

PURPOSE: To present CT and MR images and compare CT and MRI features of oral and maxillofacial hemangioma and vascular malformation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical materials consisted of nine vascular tumors from nine patients examined by both CT and MR scanners between November 1996 and March 2002. Both CT and MR images were retrospectively evaluated. The following features were evaluated: detectability of the lesion, border of the lesion, tumor margin, inner nature of the lesion, contrast between the lesion and surrounding tissues, degree of CT value or signal intensity of the lesion, enhancement of contrast medium, inner nature of the lesion after contrast medium injection, detectability of phleboliths and detectability of bone resorption. RESULTS: In two patients, we could not detect lesions in any of the CT images because of artifacts from the teeth and/or dental restorations. In contrast, we could detect all lesions on T2-weighted MR images and contrast enhanced T1-weighted MR images. On T2-weighted images with the fat suppression technique, tumors tended to show higher contrast compared to surrounding tissues. CONCLUSION: T2-weighted images with the fat suppression technique and contrast enhanced T1-weighted images with the fat suppression technique were very useful for the detection of vascular lesions. Observation from optional directions (axial, coronal and sagittal images) seemed appropriate for delineating the extension of the tumor. Phleboliths detectability on CT images was superior to that on MR images.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Evaluation of temporomandibular joint in patients with hemifacial microsomia.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to elucidate positional relationships between temporomandibular joint (TMJ) components, including the articular discs, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with hemifacial microsomia (HFM). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty TMJs in 10 patients with HFM were examined at closed- and open-mouth positions using an MRI scanner. The condyle-fossa and disc-condyle relationships, disc configuration at the closed-mouth position, and the reduction of the disc at the open-mouth position were evaluated. RESULTS: On the unaffected side, the condyle-fossa and disc-condyle relationships appeared fairly normal at the closed mouth position. The disc-condyle relationship at the open-mouth position was also normal. The TMJ disc showed normal biconcave configurations at both closed- and open-mouth positions. On the affected side, there was considerable variation in the state of the TMJ. At the closed-mouth position, 5 of the 10 patients revealed fairly normal disc-condyle relationships, one patient showed anterior displacement of the disc, and four patients had no disc. Two patients appeared biconcave, three patients appeared biplanar, and one patient was hemiconvex. At the open-mouth position, the condyle and disc moved in harmony in five patients with normal disc-condyle relationships, but the disc was reduced in a patients with anterior disc displacement. The degree of the TMJ disc dysplasia did not necessarily correspond with the degree of mandibular dysplasia. CONCLUSIONS: The present study contributes to an improved understanding of TMJ pathology in patients with HFM. The results suggest that, in HFM patients, the examination of the TMJ using MRI is helpful for determining treatment procedures in mandibular distraction osteogenesis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Craniofacial morphology in an unusual case with nasal aplasia studied by roentgencephalometry and three-dimensional CT scanning.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the three-dimensional morphology of internal structures of the craniofacial region and present the orthodontic problems in an unusual case with nasal aplasia. PATIENT: The patient was an 11.5-year-old boy with aplasia of the nose and nasal cavity with extremely constricted nasopharyngeal airway. He did not have mental or somatic retardation. The patient had dacryostenosis. The morphology of the craniofacial structures was characterized by absence of septal structures, including cribriform plate, perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone, vomer, and septal cartilage; bony hypotelorism; midface hypoplasia; short and retrognathic maxilla with Class III jaw relationship; average mandibular plane angle; high arched palate; severe anterior open bite with bilateral posterior crossbites; and dental anomalies (agenesis of four maxillary permanent teeth, microdontia, taurodontism, and short roots). Thus, the patient had characteristic dentofacial phenotype, which might be caused by a combination of the primary anomaly and the functional disturbances secondary to the nasal obstruction.

Cephalometry↗

PubMed2003

Results of low- and high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy for T3 mobile tongue cancer.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the treatment results of low-dose-rate (LDR) and high-dose-rate (HDR) interstitial brachytherapy (ISBT) for T3 mobile tongue cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 1974 and 1992, 61 patients with T3 mobile tongue cancer were treated with LDR ISBT using (192)Ir hairpins with or without single pins. In addition, between 1991 and 1999, 14 patients were treated with HDR ISBT. For nine patients treated with ISBT alone, the total dose was 59-94 Gy (median 72 Gy) within one week in LDR ISBT and 60 Gy/10 fractions/5 days in HDR ISBT. For 66 patients treated with a combination therapy of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and ISBT, the total dose was 12.5-60 Gy (median 30 Gy) of EBRT and 50-112 Gy (median 68 Gy) within 1 week in LDR ISBT or 32-60 Gy (median 48 Gy)/8-10 fractions/5-7 days in HDR ISBT. RESULTS: The 2- and 3-year local control rates of all patients were both 68%. The 2- and 3-year local control rates of patients treated with LDR ISBT were both 67%, and those with HDR ISBT were both 71%. The local control rate of patients treated with HDR ISBT was similar to those with LDR ISBT. CONCLUSIONS: ISBT for T3 mobile tongue cancer is effective and acceptable. The treatment result of HDR ISBT is almost similar to that of LDR ISBT for T3 mobile tongue cancer.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Volume and shape of masticatory muscles in patients with hemifacial microsomia.

OBJECTIVE: To test the following hypotheses in hemifacial microsomia (HFM): (1) the volumes of the masseter, lateral and medial pterygoid, and temporal muscles are reduced on the affected versus unaffected side; (2) significant differences exist between the degrees of right-left disproportion in these four masticatory muscles; (3) circumferential shapes of the masticatory muscles are more irregular on the affected versus unaffected side; and (4) the degree of masticatory muscle right-left disproportion can be judged by the degree of ear, mandibular, or dental anomalies. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Ten preadolescent patients with HFM were studied using facial photographs, dental casts, cephalometric and panoramic radiographs, and helical computed tomography scanning and three-dimensional reconstruction technique. Volumes of masseter, lateral and medial pterygoid, and temporal muscles on both sides were measured. Muscle volume disproportion was expressed as the affected/unaffected ratio. Muscle circumferential irregularity was expressed as the ratio between the total circumferential length and corresponding cross-sectional area. RESULTS: Masticatory muscle volumes were significantly smaller on the affected versus unaffected side. No significant differences were observed between the degrees of disproportion of the four masticatory muscles examined. Circumferential shapes of masticatory muscles were significantly more irregular on the affected versus unaffected side. There were no significant relationships of the degree of ear, mandibular, or dental anomalies in relation to masticatory muscle disproportion. CONCLUSIONS: In HFM the masseter, lateral and medial pterygoid, and temporal muscles all have a significantly smaller volume on the affected versus unaffected side, and specific muscles were not severely affected in the present subjects. Furthermore, all four muscles showed a significantly more irregular shape on the affected versus unaffected side. Finally, the severity of masticatory muscle disproportion can probably not be judged by the degree of ear, mandibular, and dental anomalies in preadolescent patients with HFM.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Report of a patient with hypoglossia-hypodactylia syndrome and a review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE: To present the morphology of the extremities, craniofacial structures, and the oral cavity based on roentgencephalometry and three-dimensional computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scanning in a patient with hypoglossia-hypodactylia syndrome, discuss the orthodontic treatment method, and review the literature for the syndrome. PATIENT: The patient was a 6-year-old boy diagnosed with hypoglossia-hypodactylia syndrome at birth. He had hypodactylia as well as micrognathia with steep inclination of the anterior surface of the mandible in relation to the lower mandibular plane. He had missing mandibular incisors with concomitant bone defect limited to the associated alveolar ridge and an absence of any malformations in the mandibular ramus and condylar head. The patient had a bilateral scissors bite with an extremely constricted mandibular dental arch, skeletal Class II jaw relationship with an average mandibular plane angle and maxillary incisors inclined palatally. He had extremely reduced tongue size and hypertrophy of the floor of the mouth. Anomalies of the central nervous system were not observed. There was no evidence of hearing loss.

Cephalometry↗

PubMed2003

Rigid external distraction osteogenesis for a patient with maxillary hypoplasia and oligodontia.

OBJECTIVE: In this report, the orthodontic treatment combined with rigid external distraction osteogenesis in a 5.5-year-old girl with midfacial hypoplasia and oligodontia is described. PATIENT: The child presented with a reduced maxilla, protruding lower lip, skeletal Class III jaw relationship with a low mandibular plane angle, a short and flattened nose, anterior crossbite, and aplasia of 16 permanent teeth. The patient was treated with rigid external maxillary distraction osteogenesis, maxillary protraction headgear, and Class III elastics. Following treatment, the maxilla was displaced in a forward direction with new bone formation at the tuberosities and the mandible rotated backward in relation to the anterior cranial base. The anterior crossbite was corrected, and the skeletal jaw relationship changed from a Class III to a Class I skeletal pattern. The soft tissue facial profile showed that the nasal projection had been increased, the nasolabial angle increased, and the lower lip protrusion was reduced. Postoperative treatment results were acceptable. CONCLUSION: This report documents that early maxillary advancement with rigid external osteogenesis offers a promising treatment alternative for a very young patient with maxillary hypoplasia and oligodontia.

Anodontia↗

PubMed2003

Mandibular distraction osteogenesis using an intraoral device and bite plate for a case of hemifacial microsomia.

OBJECTIVE: To present orthodontic treatment combined with mandibular distraction osteogenesis using an intraoral device and a bite plate in a patient with hemifacial microsomia, severe facial asymmetry, and unilateral mandibular hypoplasia. PATIENT: An 8-year-old girl exhibited mandibular deviation resulting from hypoplasia of the mandibular condyle and ramus on the left side. The patient was treated with an intraoral device for mandibular distraction osteogenesis, bite plate, and hybrid-type functional appliance. Facial asymmetry was improved, and the mandibular ramus was elongated in an anterior and primarily posterior direction with slightly posterior and superior displacement of the proximal segment. Postdistraction treatment results have been stable for 1 year. At the 1-year follow-up, the volume of the lateral and medial pterygoid muscles on the left side had increased. The condyle and disc on the right temporomandibular joint moved well and in harmony at open mouth position, and a rotational movement of the left temporomandibular joint was observed.

Cephalometry↗

PubMed2003

Craniofacial morphology in a patient with Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: We present the case of a 6-year-old boy with a coarse face, cleft palate, and malocclusion with anterior open bite who had been diagnosed with Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome. Morphology of the craniofacial structures was examined on the basis of conventional radiographs, three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) scanning. PATIENT: This patient had 13 ribs on the right side, slight scoliosis, supernumerary nipples, a coarse face, hypertelorism, a short broad upturned nose, a wide mouth, a straight facial profile with incompetence of the lips, midline groove of tongue, and cleft palate. The patient also had severe anterior open bite, a distal step-type molar relationship, five congenitally missing teeth, and a supernumerary tooth. Lateral cephalometric analysis revealed a large anterior cranial base, a large maxilla and mandible, a large inferior face height, and skeletal Class I jaw relationship with a high mandibular plane angle and large gonial angle. The 3D CT image showed a large cranium, a long face height, and prominent skull sutures. The MR image showed a large tongue, midline groove of the tongue, and a small space between tongue and palate.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMed2003

Three-dimensional evaluation of a rare case with multiple impacted teeth using CT.

A 15-year-old patient is presented with 11 impacted teeth including 2 supernumerary teeth, who did not exhibit hereditary or clinical disease. The patient showed the extruded and lingually inclined lower incisors, the anteriorly inclined palatal plane, extremely large curve of Spee, and crowding in the bone. A detailed description of the positional relationship between each impacted tooth and the neighboring tooth was given using the 3D CT-image.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Functional analysis of human parotid gland in vivo using the (1)H MRS MT effect.

Magnetization transfer (MT) was measured in the parotid gland in vivo by (1)H MR spectroscopy in 10 adult volunteers. A comparison was made of stimulated (excess saliva) and resting parotid gland (SPG and RPG, respectively). Following irradiation at an MT pulse of 150 Hz downfield from the water proton signal, signal reductions in SPG and RPG were 83.8 +/- 4.7 and 91.4 +/- 5.7%, respectively. The larger reduction for SPG indicates that an increase in the amount of water in gland cells for the production of more parotid saliva may lead to greater affinity between the protons adjacent to macromolecules and free water which contributes to the MT effect. Activity in the parotid gland correlates with the effect. This method is useful for diagnosing disorders of parotid gland secretion.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

High-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy for mobile tongue cancer: influence of the non-irradiated period.

BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that the outcome of primary radiotherapy in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck is strongly influenced by overall treatment time. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of high-dose-rate (HDR) interstitial brachytherapy (ISBT) for early mobile tongue cancer and to examine whether the non-irradiated period affected treatment results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-one patients with early mobile tongue cancer (T1-T2N0M0) were treated with HDR ISBT alone. The total dose was 54-60 Gy/9-10 fractions/5-9 days. All patients were classified into 4 groups: R0, maximum non-irradiated period (NIP) was less than 24 h (n=16); R1, maximum NIP was from 24 to 48 h (n=24); R2, maximum NIP was from 48 to 72 h (n=26); R3, maximum NIP was from 72 to 96 h (n=5). RESULTS: The 3-year local control rate was 94% in R0, 83% in R1, 85% in R2 and 100% in R3. The 3-year overall survival rate was 84% in R0, 92% in R1, 71% in R2 and 80% in R3. There was no significant difference in the local control rate, overall survival rate, or complications among the 4 groups. CONCLUSION: In HDR ISBT for early mobile tongue cancer, the non-irradiated period did not affect the treatment results or complications.

Adult↗