PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Silvio Altarac

Publications and source records attributed to Silvio Altarac.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Simple renal cysts].

With the widespread use of non-invasive diagnostic tools, such as abodminal ultrasound and computerized tomography, renal cysts are diagnosed with increasing frequency. In patients 50 years or older, simple renal cysts of various size may be found in nearly one third. Increasing frequency with age is clearly demonstrated. Two thirds of simple renal cysts are 2 cm or less in diameter. The average renal cyst needs about 10 years to reach 2 cm in size. Simple renal cysts (category I according to Bosniak classification) usually are asymptomatic, produce no harm to the kidney and require no treatment once diagnosed. However, an occasional eypanding cyst causes progressive obstruction to caliceal and pelvic outflow. There is a possible association between renal cysts and arterial hypertension. Renal cysts may produce segmental renal ischemia, and in turn activate the renin angiotensin system. Percutaneous cyst aspiration or surgical cyst removal could cause a fall in blood pressure. Bosniak suggested a classification in an attempt to sort out the different cases into nonsurgical (category I and II), and surgical ones (category III and IV). Borderline between cystic lesions type II and III is not clear-cut, but Bosniak type IV lesions are clearly cystic renal cell carcinoma.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Medical therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia].

The aim of treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia is relieving lower urinary tract symptoms, desreasing bladder outlet obstruction, improving bladder emptying, ameliorating detrusor instability, reversing renal insufficiency, and preventing future episodes of gross hematuria, urinary tract infection and urinary retention. A potent role of medical therapy is to prevent the development and/or progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Medical therapies investigated for benign prostatic hyperplasia include plant extracts, alpha adrenergic blockers and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors. Clinical observations suggest that the efficacy of combination therapy could be superior to that of individual monotherapies.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Alpha-adrenergic blockers as a support in the treatment of acute urinary retention].

Catheterization remains the standard management of acute urinary retention (AUR), followed by a trial without catheter (TWOC) or prostatectomy in men who do not void spontaneously. If AUR is caused by increased sympathetic activity at the level of the prostatic smooth muscles, alpha-blockers (alpha-1 adrenoreceptor antagonists) should increase the likelihood of a successful trial without catheter (TWOC) following AUR. Alpha-blockers effectively reduce the symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and improve the urodynamic parameters of obstruction. They may diminish the incidence of AUR and the need for prostatectomy in symptomatic men. The adventage of tamsulosin and slow-release alfuzosin over doxazosin and terazosin in the management of AUR is that a therapeutic dose can be administered at the onset of AUR, thereby reducing the time for attempting catheter removal.

Acute Disease↗