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Biomedical subjects

Sinan Yavuz

Publications and source records attributed to Sinan Yavuz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

PRAME mRNA levels in cases with chronic leukemia: Clinical importance and review of the literature.

Preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME) is a tumor antigen expressed in various malignant tumors including solid tumors and hemopoietic neoplasias but no or weak expression in normal tissues. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency and the clinical importance of PRAME expression in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)/chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPD) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). PRAME mRNA was measured by real time RT-PCR in 88 cases with chronic leukemia (CL) and 42 controls. Seventy cases had CML/CMPD (56 had chronic phase (CP)-14 had accelerated/blastic phase disease (AP/BP) and 18 cases had CLL (11 had early stage (Rai 0-I-II) and 7 had late stage (Rai III-IV). Mann Whitney U, Wilcoxon and Kruskal Wallis tests were used for statistical analyses. Twenty-four of 70 (34%) cases with CML/CMPD and 5 of 18 (28%) cases with CLL showed PRAME expression. Totally 29 of 88 cases showed PRAME expression (33%). However, only two controls showed weak PRAME expression. The difference for PRAME mRNA between the CLs and controls was significant (p = 0.000). PRAME (+) and PRAME (-) cases were not different for age, Hb, Hct, WBC count, platelet count, stage of the disease and response to therapy. PRAME was monitorised in eight cases during follow-up: in three cases PRAME was negative at CP and expression developed at the AP/BP disease. PRAME was positive at the beginning in five cases (4 CML-1CLL) and expression disappeared after chemotherapy. In conclusion, PRAME is detected in one third of the cases with CLs. PRAME mRNA changes may be detected during the progression of these disorders and/or after therapy. PRAME mRNA may be a useful marker to detect the minimal residual disease (MRD) and to determine the response to therapy in CLs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease.

Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD) is a relatively rare and interesting entity. Despite a range of pathophysiological and therapeutic approaches, it has a high mortality. It is possible to prevent the disease by prophylaxis only. It is possible to miss the entity in routine clinical practice and reach a different diagnosis due to its non-specific signs and symptoms. Four patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of TA-GVHD were evaluated and the literature reviewed. The transfusion history was of great importance, as was the exclusion of other conditions that may present with similar signs and symptoms (fever, skin rash, diarrhea, pancytopenia, icterus and renal failure). Confirmation of TA-GVHD was by skin biopsy. TA-GVHD must be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients who present with fever, pancytopenia, diarrhea, skin rash and icterus, and the transfusion history must be questioned. Mortality is very high despite various therapeutic approaches. This makes prophylaxis essential. TA-GVHD can be prevented by irradiation of blood products and by avoiding the use of blood transfusions from family donors.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

PRAME mRNA levels in cases with acute leukemia: clinical importance and future prospects.

The PRAME (preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma) gene has been shown to be expressed in high levels in some solid tumors and hemopoietic neoplasias but not or only weakly expressed in normal tissues. It encodes an antigen recognized by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes. PRAME is a good candidate for tumor immunotherapy and is a useful marker gene for detection of minimal residual disease (MRD). In this study, PRAME mRNA using real-time RT-PCR was studied in 74 adult cases with acute leukemia-68 had de-novo acute leukemia, 3 had chronic myeloid leukemia-blastic crisis (CML-BC), and 3 had myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative syndrome-blastic transformation (MDS/MPD-BT)-and the results were compared with 30 age-matched healthy volunteers. Nineteen of 74 cases with leukemia expressed PRAME, while only 2 controls showed weak expression. The prevalence of PRAME expression in AML and ALL cases was 30% and 17%, respectively. We did not find any important correlation between PRAME expression and clinical characteristics, such as age, sex, organomegaly/lymphadenopathy, Hb, WBC count, platelet count, LDH level, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, cell-surface antigens, response to therapy, or progression-free and overall survival. PRAME was monitored in 15 cases during remission and/or relapse. There was a good correlation between PRAME mRNA and hematological remission and/or relapse. Interestingly, PRAME was very high in one case with AML but was not found 3 months after allogeneic transplantation. PRAME mRNA is observed in about one-third of AML cases; it may be a useful marker to detect MRD, and it may also be a good predictor for the timing of donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) in the post-transplant period in cases of molecular relapse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Bilateral choroidal infiltration from indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a rapid course with poor prognosis.

A 42-year-old-woman, with a 2 year history of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma suffered sudden bilateral visual loss. This unusual patient presented with an unifocal choroidal tumor in the superionasal quadrant in both eyes. Fluorescein angiography revealed early and late intense subretinal fluorescence. Cytological examination of the anterior chamber and vitreous tap material revealed abnormal lymphocytes compatible with NHL. Diffuse choroidal infiltration was diagnosed and treated with radiotherapy. Radiotherapy did not provide local control and preservation of the vision. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma can infiltrate to the choroid and radiotherapy may not be efffective in every case.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in paraffin-embedded tissues from patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

The aim of this study is to detect the possible role of hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in lymphomagenesis. HCV-RNA and anti-HCV antibodies were studied in tissue and serum samples taken from patients with non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL). The prevalence of HCV, the clinical presentation of these cases, and association with histologic subtypes were determined. RT-PCR was used to detect the HCV-RNA in serum and tissue samples. The anti-HCV antibodies were tested with microparticle enzyme immunoassay. Immunohistochemistry with the ABC method was used to detect the HCV core protein in HCV-RNA(+) cases. RNA could be detected in 30 of 35 cases, and other tests were performed in these 30 samples. HCV-RNA was detected in 11 tissue samples (11/30, 37%). HCV core protein was studied in 10 of 11 HCV-RNA(+) cases, and 1-3% nuclear staining was found in only 2 samples. Serologically, HCV-RNA was detected in 7 of 30 samples (23.3%) and anti-HCV antibody was detected in 3 of 30 samples (10%). Detection of HCV-RNA in 37% of the lymphoma tissue samples suggests that HCV may have a role or is a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of lymphoma. The very low HCV core protein in lymphoma tissues may be due to the low viral load in lymphoid tissues and/or higher sensitivity of the PCR method. Detection of anti-HCV antibody in only three cases may be associated with undetectable levels of antibodies due to the immune deficiency in cases with NHL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Ovarian granulocytic sarcoma.

Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) or chloroma is a neoplasia of immature myeloid cells. Bones, skins, soft tissues and lymph nodes are the most frequently involved organs with this entity and not infrequently it is diagnosed histopathologically as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Ovarian granulocytic sarcoma is a rare entity in daily practice. Here we report an ovarian granulocytic sarcoma, initially diagnosed as NHL, and review the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Prostatic hypertrophy and prostatic infiltration in small lymphocytic lymphoma.

Extranodal involvement in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is not really that rare, but prostatic infiltration is uncommon and rarely detected clinically. Prostatic involvement by lymphoma can cause signs and symptoms of prostatic obstruction. Here we report a patient with prostatic infiltration due to NHL diagnosed 7 years earlier. The literature is also reviewed.

Fatal Outcome↗
PubMed2003

Anti-HCV and HCV-RNA prevalence and clinical correlations in cases with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an RNA virus in the Flaviviridae family. It displays lymphotropism in addition to hepatotropism and extrahepatic manifestations are very well known. There are many studies showing an association between HCV infection and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). In this study the evidence for HCV infection was studied in cases with NHL. To this end, anti-HCV antibody and HCV-RNA were screened in serum samples of cases with NHL using third-generation ELISA and RT-PCR. Anti-HCV antibody was studied in 223 patients and was found to be positive in 18 cases (8.1%). Anti-HCV antibody positivity was compared with our blood bank/blood donor population. There was an important increased risk of HCV infection--the common odds ratio was 34.56 and corrected odds ratio was 19.07. HCV-RNA was studied in 67 of 223 serum samples. HCV-RNA was found to be positive in 21 of 67 samples (31.3%). When compared with clinico-demographic parameters for anti-HCV and HCV-RNA, including age, nodal status, and grade (in evaluable cases), except age in cases with or without HCV-RNA, we did not find an important correlation with HCV status and clinical findings (P=0.155; 0.442; 0.288 for anti-HCV and 0.027; 0,558; 0.126, respectively). These results suggest that HCV infection may be an important risk factor for lymphomagenesis and HCV-RNA is more useful for the detection of HCV infection in these immunosuppressed cases. Simultaneous detection of anti-HCV and HCV-RNA will be more informative in this population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Serous retinal detachment in a case with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: no response to systemic and local treatment.

Leukemias are systemic hematopoietic neoplasias and not infrequently cause ocular findings. Serous retinal detachment (SRD) is one of these manifestations and even may be the first sign of the underlying leukemia. Here we reported a case with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) presenting with SRD and discussed the clinical importance and therapeutic options.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2003

Vasculitis associated with all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in a case with acute promyelocytic leukemia.

All trans retinoic acid is the drug of choice in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. But this drug has some side effects, some of which may be life-threatening. Retinoic acid syndrome is the most frequent and dangerous side effect of this differentiation inducing agent. Other side effects include Sweet's syndrome, vasculitis, hypercalcemia, bone marrow necrosis and fibrosis, thromboembolic events, erythema nodosum, granulomatous proliferation and some pulmonary complications. Here, we report vasculitis in a case with APL treated with ATRA and review the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Extramedullary relapse in the pleura in acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a distinct subtype of acute myeloblastic leukemia with specific clinical, morphologic and genetic features and a good response to all trans retinoic acid (ATRA). However, extramedullary (EM) relapse is an interesting feature of these cases, especially those treated with ATRA. Recently, we have encountered an EM relapse in the pleura in a case with APL receiving an ATRA containing regimen. This case is reported and the relevant literature is reviewed.

Adult↗