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Sinead Delany

Publications and source records attributed to Sinead Delany.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Microbicides 2006 conference.

Current HIV/AIDS statistics show that women account for almost 60% of HIV infections in Sub-Saharan Africa. HIV prevention tools such as male and female condoms, abstinence and monogamy are not always feasible options for women due to various socio-economic and cultural factors. Microbicides are products designed to be inserted in the vagina or rectum prior to sex to prevent HIV acquisition. The biannual Microbicides conference took place in Cape Town, South Africa from 23-26 April 2006. The conference was held for the first time on the African continent, the region worst affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The conference brought together a record number of 1,300 scientists, researchers, policy makers, healthcare workers, communities and advocates. The conference provided an opportunity for an update on microbicide research and development as well as discussions around key issues such as ethics, acceptability, access and community involvement. This report discusses the current status of microbicide research and development, encompassing basic and clinical science, social and behavioural science, and community mobilisation and advocacy activities.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

The importance of context: model projections on how microbicide impact could be affected by the underlying epidemiologic and behavioral situation in 2 African settings.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore how a microbicide's HIV impact is affected by behavioral and epidemiologic factors in 2 African settings: Cotonou, Benin, and Hillbrow, South Africa. METHODS: A mathematical model, fit to epidemiologic data from each setting, was used to estimate the HIV impact of introducing a microbicide with different HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) efficacies. Simulations were compared to explore how impact is affected by context. RESULTS: Widespread microbicide use results in a greater relative reduction in HIV incidence in Cotonou, where HIV/STIs are less prevalent. Most infections averted are from commercial sex in Cotonou but noncommercial sex in Hillbrow. The microbicide's STI efficacy is important in determining its HIV impact in both settings, but especially in Cotonou where the microbicide's HIV impact was mainly the result of its STI efficacy. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to develop and evaluate microbicides that are efficacious against STIs. However, even with the same patterns of use, a microbicide's impact and the importance of its STI efficacy will vary considerably between settings.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed2006

Are targeted HIV prevention activities cost-effective in high prevalence settings? Results from a sexually transmitted infection treatment project for sex workers in Johannesburg, South Africa.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of syndromic management, with and without periodic presumptive treatment (PPT), in averting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV in female sex workers (FSWs) participating in a hotel-based intervention in Johannesburg. STUDY DESIGN: Financial and economic providers' costs were estimated. A mathematical model, fitted to epidemiologic data, projected the HIV and STIs averted by the intervention. Cost per HIV infection and DALY averted were estimated for different general population HIV prevalences. RESULTS: Projections suggest 53 HIV infections were averted (July 2000-June 2001) and a 3.1% decrease in the FSW HIV incidence. Cost-effectiveness was US dollars 78 per DALY averted. Incremental cost of PPT was US dollars 31 per disability-adjusted life year (DALY) averted. Initiating the intervention at 15% general HIV prevalence would have improved cost-effectiveness by 35%. Expanding PPT coverage to mass-treat all FSWs (instead of <17%) and their clients could increase impact 14-fold. CONCLUSION: The results highlight targeted interventions can be cost-effective at all stages of HIV epidemics and suggests PPT could improve the cost-effectiveness of targeted STI interventions.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The 'healthy brothel': the context of clinical services for sex workers in Hillbrow, South Africa.

Conventional health services often present barriers to sex workers seeking health care resulting in untreated sexually transmitted infections (STI) and increased risk of HIV infection. A brothel-based clinic was established to provide STI treatment for sex workers who worked in the inner city suburb of Hillbrow, South Africa. Qualitative research demonstrated that the clinic was acceptable to women in terms of service quality, accessibility, and efficacy, and positively influenced health-seeking behaviours, health awareness, and condom use. The intervention also transformed the image of the hotels from sites of 'dirt and disease' into 'healthy brothels'. The paper concludes that clinical services offered on site are a viable alternative to the provision of conventional clinical services.

Adult↗