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Stéphane Roman

Publications and source records attributed to Stéphane Roman.

2 recordsLinked to original sources

Relationship between auditory perception skills and mismatch negativity recorded in free field in cochlear-implant users.

This study investigated the ability of cochlear-implanted patients to discriminate tone bursts in free field using the electrophysiological recordings of mismatch negativity (MMN). Seven cochlear-implanted patients (CIP) and eight control subjects (CS) were tested. Event-related potentials were recorded from either 32 or 64 electrodes in response to binaural stimuli using a passive oddball paradigm. Two stimulus-contrast conditions were used to produce MMN: The standard-tone frequency was fixed at 1 kHz, and the deviant-tone frequency was set at 2 or 1.5 kHz. The results show that response waveforms (N1/P2) are similar in latency and amplitude for CS and CIP, suggesting that pure-tone detection is performed over the same time window in both groups. These waveforms are also similar in left- and right-implanted patients, suggesting that electric stimulation of the auditory nerve activates both hemispheres in profound, bilateral hearing loss. Pure-tone audiograms and word-discrimination scores were also measured in each subject in an anechoic room and their relations with MMN data were examined. Correlations were found between the latency of MMN for a 1.5 kHz deviant and the thresholds obtained for pure-tone detection and word discrimination. MMN appears as a possible complementary clinical tool to objectively assess auditory sensitivity in cochlear-implanted populations. However, further improvements are still necessary before it can be used as a standard clinical examination.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

Voice onset time encoding in patients with left and right cochlear implants.

Stop-consonant discrimination was investigated in normal-hearing listeners and cochlear-implanted patients (CIP) by recording auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) to /b epsilon/ and /p epsilon/ syllables. This study demonstrates that: (i) AEPs show time-locked components that mimic the temporal structure of the stimuli, indicating that both patients and control subjects encode those syllables according to the temporal cue (voice onset time) characterizing the voiced/voiceless contrast; (ii) the side of implantation does not affect the general structure of AEPs and /b epsilon/-/p epsilon/ discrimination thresholds (measured separately with a psychophysical procedure); (iii) poor time-locking to the syllables' temporal structure is associated with poor discrimination. This suggests that EEG investigation of temporal-processing provides an objective index of speech perception in CIP and could be used in implanted children.

Acoustic Stimulation↗